Olah was born inBudapest, Hungary, on May 22, 1927, into a Jewish couple, Magda (Krasznai) and Gyula Oláh, a lawyer.[7][8] After the high school of BudapestiPiarist Gimnazium,[9] he studied under organic chemistGéza Zemplén at the Technical University of Budapest, now theBudapest University of Technology and Economics, where he earned M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in chemical engineering.[10] From 1949 through 1954, he taught at the school as a professor of organic chemistry.[11] In the subsequent two years, from 1954 to 1956, he worked at the research institute of theHungarian Academy of Sciences, where he was associate scientific director and head of the department of organic chemistry.[11]
As a result of the1956 Hungarian Revolution, he and his family moved briefly to England and then to Canada, where he joinedDow Chemical inSarnia, Ontario, with another Hungarian chemist, Stephen J. Kuhn. Olah's pioneering work on carbocations started during his eight years with Dow.[12] In 1965, he returned to academia atCase Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio, chairing the department of chemistry from 1965 to 1969, and from 1967 through 1977 he was the C. F. Maybery Distinguished Professor of Research in Chemistry.[11] In 1971, Olah became anaturalized citizen of the United States.[10] He then moved to theUniversity of Southern California in 1977.[10]
At USC, Olah was a distinguished professor and the director of theLoker Hydrocarbon Research Institute.[13] Starting in 1980, he served as the Distinguished Donald P. and Katherine B. Loker Professorof Chemistry and later became a distinguished professor in USC's school of engineering.[10] In 1994, Olah was awarded theNobel Prize in Chemistry "for his contribution tocarbocation chemistry".[14] In particular, Olah's search for stable nonclassicalcarbocations led to the discovery of protonatedmethane stabilized bysuperacids, like FSO3H-SbF5 ("Magic Acid").
Olah, with Canadian chemistSaul Winstein, was also involved in a career-long battle withHerbert C. Brown ofPurdue over the existence of so-called "nonclassical" carbocations – such as thenorbornyl cation, which can be depicted as cationic character delocalized over several bonds.[16] Olah's studies of the cation with NMR spectroscopy provided more evidence suggesting that Winstein's model of the non-classical cation, "featuring a pair of [delocalized] electrons smeared between three carbon atoms," was correct.[17]
In 1997, the Olah family formed anendowment fund (the George A. Olah Endowment) which grants annual awards to outstanding chemists, including the George A. Olah Award in Hydrocarbon or Petroleum Chemistry, formerly known as the ACS Award in Petroleum Chemistry. The awards are selected and administered by theAmerican Chemical Society.[18]
Later in his career, his research shifted fromhydrocarbons and their transformation into fuel to themethanol economy, namelygenerating methanol from methane.[19] He joined withRobert Zubrin,Anne Korin, andJames Woolsey in promoting a flexible-fuel mandate initiative.[20][21][22] In 2005, Olah wrote an essay promoting the methanol economy in which he suggested that methanol could be produced fromhydrogen gas (H2) and industrially derived or atmosphericcarbon dioxide (CO2), using energy from renewable and nuclear sources to power the production process.[23]
He married Judit Ágnes Lengyel (Judith Agnes Lengyel) in 1949, and they had two children, György (George), born in Hungary in 1954, and Ronald, born in the U.S. in 1959.[10] Olah died on March 8, 2017, at his home inBeverly Hills, California.[24][25] After his death, the Hungarian government said that the "country has lost a great patriot and one of the most outstanding figures of Hungarian scientific life."[24]
^abcdeMathew, Thomas; George Andrew Olah (April 24, 2015). "Curriculum Vitae of George Andrew Olah".A Life of Magic Chemistry: Autobiographical Reflections Including Post-Nobel Prize Years and the Methanol Economy. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 300–305.doi:10.1002/9781118840108.oth.ISBN978-1-118-84010-8.
^abcdef"1991 George Olah, USC". Southern California Section of the American Chemical Society. 1992. RetrievedMarch 9, 2017.
^George A. Olah (1965).Friedel-Crafts and Related Reactions. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
