| Commission géologique du Canada | |
 | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 1842 |
| Jurisdiction | Government of Canada |
| Headquarters | Ottawa,Ontario |
| Employees | 600 |
| Annual budget | CAD $97 million |
| Minister responsible | |
TheGeological Survey of Canada (GSC;French:Commission géologique du Canada, CGC) is a Canadian federal government agency responsible for performinggeological surveys of the country developing Canada's natural resources and protecting the environment. A branch of the Geoscience and Earth Monitoring Sector ofNatural Resources Canada, the GSC is the country's oldest scientific agency and was one of its first government organizations.
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In September 1841, theProvince of Canada legislature passed a resolution that authorized the sum of £1,500sterling be granted to the government for the estimated expense of performing a geological survey of the province. In 1842, the Geological Survey of Canada was formed to fulfill this request.[1]
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William Edmond Logan was inMontreal at the time and made it known that he was interested in participating in this survey. Gaining recommendations from prominent British scientists, Logan was appointed the first GSC director on April 14, 1842. Four months later, Logan arrived inKingston, Ontario, to compile the existing body of knowledge of Canada's geology. In the spring of 1843, Logan established the GSC's headquarters in Montreal (in his brother's warehouse and then in a rented house on Great St. James Street (now Saint Jacques Street).[2] One of the prominent cartographers and the chief topographical draughtsman wasRobert Barlow, who began his work in 1855. Chemist T. Sterry Hunt joined in the early days and the Survey addedpaleontological capability in 1856 with the arrival ofElkanah Billings.[1] AfterAylesworth Perry was appointed as acting librarian in 1881 he prepared the catalogue of reference works ongeology,mineralogy,metallurgy,chemistry andnatural history.[3]George Mercer Dawson became a staff member in 1875, progressed to assistant director in 1883 and finally to director of the Geological Survey of Canada in 1895.[1]The Geological Survey of Canada first began allowing women to conduct fieldwork in the early 1950s.[4] Dr.Alice Wilson, the first of these women, lobbied for the inclusion of paleontologistFrances Wagner shortly afterward.[4] Around this same time, the GSC employed a third woman Dr.Helen Belyea.[4]
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Canada has the geoscience required to attract mineral investment across Canada, to inform sustainable development of the North, and to work with allied countries to become a leading supplier of responsibly developed minerals.
Canada has the geoscience required to inform responsible resource development and environmental stewardship in both terrestrial and marine environments, and to support itsextended continental shelf submissions to the United Nations.
Decision makers and communities have access to the geoscience that they need to make Canada more resilient to natural hazards and climate change, and to achieve a net-zero future.
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