Genesee County, Michigan | |
|---|---|
 TheGenesee County Courthouse in Flint | |
 Seal  Logo | |
 Location within the U.S. state ofMichigan | |
 Michigan's location within theU.S. | |
| Coordinates:43°01′16″N83°42′23″W / 43.021077°N 83.706372°W /43.021077; -83.706372 | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  Michigan |
| Founded | March 28, 1835 (created) April 4, 1836 (organized)[1] |
| Named after | Genesee County, New York |
| Seat | Flint |
| Largest city | Flint |
| Area | |
• Total | 649.587 sq mi (1,682.42 km2) |
| • Land | 636.944 sq mi (1,649.68 km2) |
| • Water | 12.643 sq mi (32.75 km2) 1.95% |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 406,211 |
• Estimate (2024) | 402,279 |
| • Density | 631.698/sq mi (243.900/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
| Area code | 810 |
| Congressional districts | 7th,8th |
| Website | geneseecountymi.gov |
Genesee County (/ˈdʒɛnəsi/JEN-ə-see) is acounty in the U.S. state ofMichigan. As of the2020 Census, the population was 406,211,[2] and was estimated to be 402,279 in 2024,[3] making it thefifth-most populous county in Michigan, and the most populous inMid-Michigan. Thecounty seat and largest city isFlint (birthplace ofGeneral Motors).[4] Genesee County consists of 33cities,townships, andvillages. It is considered to be a part of Mid-Michigan.
The county was named afterGenesee County, New York, which in turn comes from the Seneca word Gen-nis'-hee-yo, meaning "Beautiful Valley".[5] Genesee County comprises the Flint, MIMetropolitan statistical area. A major attraction for visitors isCrossroads Village, a living history village north of Flint.
Genesee County is noted for having had the fossil of an ancientwhale known asBalaenoptera Lacepede[6] unearthed inThetford Township during quarry work and estimated at 11,000 years old.[7]
Genesee County was created on March 28, 1835, from territory taken fromLapeer,Shiawassee andSaginaw Counties. The county was attached toOakland County for judicial purposes.[8] The only township organized at the time wasGrand Blanc, formed in 1833 consisting of additional township areas of the present Fenton, Mundy, Flint, Mount Morris, Genesee, Burton, Atlas and Davison townships. (Atlas and Davision township survey areas were then in Lapeer County.)Flint Township followed in formation by the legislature on March 2, 1836, splitting away from Grand Blanc with the township areas of Burton, Genesee and Mount Morris plus additional township areas of the present day Clayton, Montrose, Flushing, Thetford and Vienna.[9] On April 4, 1836, the county was fully organized.[8] Organized on July 26, 1836,Argentine Township included two township survey areas taking Fenton away from Grand Blanc Township plus the current Argentine area west of Fenton.[9]
In the organizing act of March 11, 1837, two townships (Mundy and Vienna) were organized in the county. Mundy had an additional township area to the west. Vienna consisted of the northern tier of three township areas in the county at the time taking two areas from Flint Township. With this act just a week after Michigan's admission as a state, the county was fully covered with 5 township governments.[9]
The townships of Genesee, Fenton, and Flushing were formed on March 6, 1838. Genesee and Flushing were split off from Flint Township.[9] Fenton was split off from Argentine Township. Genesee included half the survey area to the west. While Flushing included the other half of that survey area (township 8 North range 6 East), the full township area further west (township 8 North range 5 East) then another survey area and half the row below (township 7 North range 5,6 East).[10] Thus Flint Township consisted of one and a half township survey areas.
Fifteen northerly sections of survey area township 7 north range No. 7 east in Flint Township plus southerly sections of Genesee Township were set off by the Michigan Legislature asKearsley Township in 1839. On March 7, 1843, the legislature abolished this township returning the sections back to Flint and Genesee townships.[11] Thus Flint Township consisted of approximately one and a half township survey areas.
Two new townships were formed by the state on March 9, 1842.Thetford was the eastmost survey area split off from Vienna. While Gaines was formed with the western township survey of Mundy.[9]
The county was enlarged on March 9, 1843, by adding a column of townships on its east from Lapeer County. From north to south, the townships wereForest,Richfield,Davison andAtlas.[9]
On March 25, 1846, an additional two townships were formed, Clayton andPewanagawink. Clayton split the southernmost survey area from Flushing Township. Pewanagawink took the westernmost survey area from Vienna and changed its name to Montrose by act of January 15, 1848.[9]
Mount Morris Township was created on February 12, 1855,[9] from a single survey township area with its two halves taken from Flushing and Genesee townships. Flint Township was split into three parts upon the formation of the City of Flint. The County Board of Supervisors split the remaining township survey area into two; the western area become Garland Township (this name only last until the Flint name was restored on February 5, 1856) and the remaining eastern survey area becameBurton Township.[8]
Plans for the Genesee Recreation Area was placed in Flint's master plan in 1950. This was present toCharles Stewart Mott Foundation Board of Trustees in 1964 with C.S. Mott getting behind the plan.[12] In 1968, the county park system was started with the purchase of vacant land.[13] with funds from the Mott Foundation, with a stipulation that a parks commission be formed.[14]
Flint Community Junior College was turned into a county-wide institution with a referendum and millage proposal passing the voters in 1969. To reflect this, the college was renamed Genesee Community College on July 5, 1970. In 1973, it was renamed to Charles StewartMott Community College after the death of C.S. Mott.[15]
In October 2009, County Commissioners directed County Corporate Counsel to discuss with the County Prosecuting Attorney a possible merger of his office with the County Prosecuting Attorney's Office.[16] As of December 2011, County Counsel Ward Chapman was intending to retire by the end of the year raising the possibility again of a merger.[17] By August 9, 2016, the two offices were merged.[18]
Emergency Management & Homeland Security Department was merged by the County Commission into the Sheriff's Department in June 2010 with the department director position being demoted to a manager level post while eliminating a programming coordinator.[19] In July 2010, the County Board voted to merge the clerk and register of deeds offices, effective January 1, 2013.[20]
On October 26, 2010, Genesee County became a founding member of theKaregnondi Water Authority with Board of Commissioners ChairJamie W. Curtis representing the County on the Authority Board.[21][22]
On May 30, 2012, it was reported Genesee County has had 45 confirmed tornadoes since 1950 (most notably the1953 Flint–Beecher tornado), more than any other county in Michigan in that time period.[23]
According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 649.587 square miles (1,682.42 km2), of which 636.944 square miles (1,649.68 km2) is land and 12.643 square miles (32.75 km2) (1.95%) is water.[24] It is the 33rd largest county in Michigan by total area.[25]
Most of the land in the county is very flat, but the southern end is hilly and covered by several lakes.[citation needed]
The county is mostly drained by theFlint River, which isdammed into Mott Lake and the Holloway Reservoir in the northeast corner of the county. The southeast corner and southern end are drained by theShiawassee River.[citation needed]
I-75 - runs north and south through central Genesee County, merges with US 23 in Mundy Township
US 23 - runs north and south through central Genesee County, merges with I-75 in Mundy Township
I-475 - alternate route of I-75/US23, runs north and south through central Genesee County
M-54 - runs north and south through central Genesee County
M-13 - runs north and south through western Genesee County, along the borders withShiawassee County andSaginaw County, terminating north of I-69
M-15 - runs north and south through eastern Genesee County
I-69 - runs east and west through central Genesee County
M-21 - runs east and west through central Genesee County, west of I-475
M-57 - runs east and west through northern Genesee County, west of M-15| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1840 | 4,268 | — | |
| 1850 | 12,031 | 181.9% | |
| 1860 | 22,498 | 87.0% | |
| 1870 | 33,900 | 50.7% | |
| 1880 | 39,220 | 15.7% | |
| 1890 | 39,430 | 0.5% | |
| 1900 | 41,804 | 6.0% | |
| 1910 | 64,555 | 54.4% | |
| 1920 | 125,668 | 94.7% | |
| 1930 | 211,641 | 68.4% | |
| 1940 | 227,944 | 7.7% | |
| 1950 | 270,963 | 18.9% | |
| 1960 | 374,313 | 38.1% | |
| 1970 | 444,341 | 18.7% | |
| 1980 | 450,449 | 1.4% | |
| 1990 | 430,459 | −4.4% | |
| 2000 | 436,141 | 1.3% | |
| 2010 | 425,790 | −2.4% | |
| 2020 | 406,211 | −4.6% | |
| 2024 (est.) | 402,279 | [26] | −1.0% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[27] 1790–1960[28] 1900–1990[29] 1990–2000[30] 2010–2020[3] | |||
As of the fourth quarter of 2024, the median home value in Genesee County was $191,311.[31]
As of the 2023American Community Survey, there are 166,375 estimated households in Genesee County with an average of 2.40 persons per household. The county has a median household income of $60,673. Approximately 17.9% of the county's population lives at or below thepoverty line. Genesee County has an estimated 58.3% employment rate, with 22.8% of the population holding a bachelor's degree or higher and 90.9% holding a high school diploma.[3]
The top five reported ancestries (people were allowed to report up to two ancestries, thus the figures will generally add to more than 100%) were English (96.2%), Spanish (0.9%), Indo-European (1.0%), Asian and Pacific Islander (0.7%), and Other (1.2%).
The median age in the county was 41.0 years.
Genesee County, Michigan – racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
| Race / ethnicity(NH = non-Hispanic) | Pop. 1980[32] | Pop. 1990[33] | Pop. 2000[34] | Pop. 2010[35] | Pop. 2020[36] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White alone (NH) | 359,214 (79.75%) | 331,833 (77.09%) | 323,136 (74.09%) | 309,683 (72.73%) | 283,483 (69.79%) |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 78,200 (17.36%) | 83,707 (19.45%) | 88,356 (20.26%) | 87,352 (20.52%) | 79,080 (19.47%) |
| Native American orAlaska Native alone (NH) | 2,696 (0.60%) | 2,918 (0.68%) | 2,171 (0.50%) | 1,961 (0.46%) | 1,391 (0.34%) |
| Asian alone (NH) | 1,936 (0.43%) | 2,824 (0.66%) | 3,487 (0.80%) | 3,834 (0.90%) | 4,041 (0.99%) |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | — | — | 80 (0.02%) | 74 (0.02%) | 116 (0.03%) |
| Other race alone (NH) | 754 (0.17%) | 300 (0.07%) | 541 (0.12%) | 390 (0.09%) | 1,390 (0.34%) |
| Mixed race or multiracial (NH) | — | — | 8,218 (1.88%) | 9,513 (2.23%) | 20,451 (5.03%) |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 7,649 (1.70%) | 8,877 (2.06%) | 10,152 (2.33%) | 12,983 (3.05%) | 16,259 (4.00%) |
| Total | 450,449 (100.00%) | 430,459 (100.00%) | 436,141 (100.00%) | 425,790 (100.00%) | 406,211 (100.00%) |
As of the 2024 estimate, there were 402,279 people and 166,375 households residing in the county. The population density was 631.58 inhabitants per square mile (243.9/km2). There were 184,543 housing units at an average density of 289.73 per square mile (111.9/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 74.6% White(70.9% NH White), 20.2% African American, 0.6% Native American, 1.3% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, _% from some other races and 3.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 4.5% of the population.[37]
As of the2020 census, there were 406,211 people, 167,118 households, and 105,520 families residing in the county.[38] Thepopulation density was 637.75 inhabitants per square mile (246.2/km2). There were 183,087 housing units at an average density of 287.45 per square mile (111.0/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 71.21%White, 19.67%African American, 0.43%Native American, 1.01%Asian, 0.03%Pacific Islander, 1.18% from some other races and 6.47% from two or more races.Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 4.00% of the population.[39]
As of the2010 census, there were 425,790 people, 169,202 households, and 111,620 families residing in the county. The population density was 668.45 inhabitants per square mile (258.1/km2). There were 192,180 housing units at an average density of 301.70 per square mile (116.5/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 74.54%White, 20.70%African American, 0.53%Native American, 0.91%Asian, 0.02%Pacific Islander, 0.71% from some other races and 2.59% from two or more races.Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 3.05% of the population.
In terms of ancestry, 18.0% were ofGerman, 11.0%Irish, 10.6%English, 5.5%Polish 5.4%American and 4.8%French.
There were 169,202 households, 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.3% weremarried couples living together, 17.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 34.0% were non-families, and 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.03. The median age was 39 years.
In the county, 25.0% of the population was under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 24.7% from 25 to 44, 27.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.7% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.4 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $38,819 and the median income for a family was $48,979. Males had a median income of $27,269 versus $18,082 for females. Theper capita income for the county was $19,860. About 16.9% of families and 21.0% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 31.0% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over.
| Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party(ies) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
| 1884 | 4,328 | 48.14% | 3,657 | 40.68% | 1,005 | 11.18% |
| 1888 | 5,404 | 53.17% | 3,904 | 38.41% | 856 | 8.42% |
| 1892 | 4,785 | 50.14% | 3,712 | 38.90% | 1,046 | 10.96% |
| 1896 | 5,638 | 52.00% | 4,915 | 45.33% | 290 | 2.67% |
| 1900 | 6,478 | 59.43% | 3,934 | 36.09% | 489 | 4.49% |
| 1904 | 6,594 | 68.65% | 2,281 | 23.75% | 730 | 7.60% |
| 1908 | 7,211 | 64.31% | 3,234 | 28.84% | 768 | 6.85% |
| 1912 | 3,426 | 25.73% | 3,005 | 22.57% | 6,882 | 51.69% |
| 1916 | 9,353 | 48.42% | 9,311 | 48.21% | 651 | 3.37% |
| 1920 | 24,543 | 74.66% | 7,408 | 22.54% | 922 | 2.80% |
| 1924 | 34,264 | 83.82% | 4,225 | 10.34% | 2,389 | 5.84% |
| 1928 | 42,743 | 79.37% | 10,910 | 20.26% | 200 | 0.37% |
| 1932 | 28,231 | 41.97% | 36,860 | 54.80% | 2,176 | 3.23% |
| 1936 | 21,097 | 28.54% | 49,891 | 67.48% | 2,943 | 3.98% |
| 1940 | 38,495 | 43.12% | 50,300 | 56.34% | 488 | 0.55% |
| 1944 | 41,145 | 43.72% | 52,445 | 55.72% | 527 | 0.56% |
| 1948 | 38,270 | 44.38% | 45,032 | 52.22% | 2,926 | 3.39% |
| 1952 | 62,220 | 51.97% | 56,753 | 47.41% | 739 | 0.62% |
| 1956 | 75,431 | 54.47% | 62,808 | 45.36% | 235 | 0.17% |
| 1960 | 74,940 | 50.82% | 72,059 | 48.87% | 458 | 0.31% |
| 1964 | 48,311 | 32.45% | 100,346 | 67.40% | 221 | 0.15% |
| 1968 | 63,948 | 38.99% | 75,174 | 45.83% | 24,891 | 15.18% |
| 1972 | 85,747 | 52.78% | 73,896 | 45.49% | 2,806 | 1.73% |
| 1976 | 80,004 | 46.67% | 88,967 | 51.89% | 2,467 | 1.44% |
| 1980 | 78,572 | 42.73% | 90,393 | 49.15% | 14,935 | 8.12% |
| 1984 | 92,943 | 50.68% | 89,491 | 48.80% | 953 | 0.52% |
| 1988 | 70,922 | 40.10% | 104,880 | 59.30% | 1,057 | 0.60% |
| 1992 | 47,834 | 23.92% | 105,156 | 52.58% | 47,008 | 23.50% |
| 1996 | 49,332 | 28.34% | 106,065 | 60.94% | 18,659 | 10.72% |
| 2000 | 66,641 | 34.92% | 119,833 | 62.78% | 4,391 | 2.30% |
| 2004 | 83,870 | 39.23% | 128,334 | 60.03% | 1,571 | 0.73% |
| 2008 | 72,451 | 32.86% | 143,927 | 65.27% | 4,117 | 1.87% |
| 2012 | 71,808 | 35.24% | 128,978 | 63.30% | 2,956 | 1.45% |
| 2016 | 84,175 | 42.59% | 102,751 | 51.99% | 10,715 | 5.42% |
| 2020 | 98,714 | 44.51% | 119,390 | 53.84% | 3,660 | 1.65% |
| 2024 | 105,303 | 47.16% | 114,670 | 51.36% | 3,295 | 1.48% |
Genesee County is aDemocratic stronghold. It has only voted for aRepublican candidate five times since 1932. The county, however, has shifted to the right since2016, with the Democrats carrying it by less than 10 points in each election since, and did so by less than 5 points in2024. It last voted for a Republican during the1984 landslide reelection ofRonald Reagan.
The county government operates thejail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, keeps files of deeds and mortgages, maintainsvital records, administerspublic health regulations and safeguards public health, and participates with the state in the provision of welfare and other social services. Thecounty board of commissioners controls the budget but has only limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions—police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc.—are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.
The Genesee CountyRoad Commission, an independent county government unit, is head of a five-member Road Commission. Road Commissioners are appointed by the County Board of Commissioners with the daily management is handled by a manager-director.
Genesee County, except for the City of Flint, is under the jurisdiction of the 67th District Court of Michigan. District Courts have a limited jurisdiction as charged under state law. The 67th District Court operates in seven divisions, each with a single judge except for the Central Court Division, which is used for jury and felony cases.[41]
Genesee County is a founding member of theKaregnondi Water Authority[21] The "outcounty" area (all but the city of Flint) receives library services from the Genesee District Library.[42] The county equivalent for school is theGenesee Intermediate School District, which consist of school districts considered primarily within Genesee County.[citation needed] Charles StewartMott Community College is the localcommunity college[15] serving the same area as the GISD.
| Executive offices | Officer | Party |
|---|---|---|
| Prosecuting Attorney & County Counsel | David Leyton | Democratic |
| Sheriff | Christopher R. Swanson | |
| County Clerk/Register of Deeds: | Domonique D. Clemons | |
| County Treasurer | Sam Muma | |
| Drain Commissioner, County Water Agent &KWA CEO | Jeffrey Wright | |
| County Surveyor | Kim R. Carlson |
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| Office | District | Officeholder | Political party[47] |
|---|---|---|---|
| U.S. Representative | 7th | Tom Barrett | Republican |
| 8th | Kristen McDonald Rivet | Democratic | |
| State Senator | 22nd | Lana Theis | Republican |
| 24th | Ruth Johnson | ||
| 26th | Kevin Daley | ||
| 27th | John D. Cherry | Democratic | |
| State Representative | 67th | Phil Green | Republican |
| 68th | David Martin | ||
| 69th | Jasper Martus | Democratic | |
| 70th | Cynthia Neeley | ||
| 71st | Brian BeGole | Republican | |
| 72nd | Mike Mueller | ||
| 97th | Matthew Bierlein |
The county has a park system headed by a Parks and Recreation Commission and a director appointed by the county board of commissioners recommended by the parks commission. Commission president is Joe Krapohl with Barry June as acting director.[48]
In 1968, the county park system was started with the purchase of vacant land[13] with funds from theCharles Stewart Mott Foundation, with a stipulation that a parks commission be formed.[14]
In January 2018, Genesee County Parks & Recreation purchased land along the Kearsley Creek for $700,000 from the Poulos family, owners of the White Horse Tavern in Flint, with assistance from a Michigan Natural Resources Trust Fund grant. The new Atlas County Park opened on April 29, 2018.[48]
Parks and other venues in the county system totaling 11,500 acres are:[49]
Genesee County is the only one in Michigan without a state park.[50]
Public school districts include:[51]
There is a state-operated school:Michigan School for the Deaf (MSD).
In 1994 theMichigan School for the Blind moved back to Flint with MSD when the blind school's Lansing campus closed.[52]
Places adjacent to Genesee County, Michigan | |
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Municipalities and communities ofGenesee County, Michigan,United States | ||
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| Civil townships | ||
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| Other communities | ||
| Ghost towns | ||
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties | |
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