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General of the Air Force

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Highest possible rank in the United States Air Force

General of the Air Force
Rank flag of a General of the Air Force.
General of the Air Force insignia[1][2]
Country United States
Service branch United States Air Force
AbbreviationGAF
Rank groupGeneral officer
RankFive-star
NATOrank codeOF-10
Pay gradeSpecial grade
Formation7 May 1949
Next lower rankGeneral
Equivalent ranks

General of the Air Force (GAF)[3] is afive-stargeneral officer rank and is the highest possible rank in theUnited States Air Force. General of the Air Force ranks immediately above ageneral and is equivalent toGeneral of the Army in theUnited States Army andfleet admiral in theUnited States Navy. The rank has only been held by one man, GeneralHenry H. Arnold, who had served as head of theUnited States Army Air Forces duringWorld War II. As at the time of his promotion, the Air Force was a component of the Army instead of its own branch, and as a consequence, the rank has not been first awarded to someone who is serving in the Air Force. Arnold retained the rank when the separate branch was created, and he was redesignated General of the Air Force in 1949.

History

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Henry "Hap" Arnold as a General of the Army. His rank was changed in 1949 to that of General of the Air Force.

GeneralHenry H. Arnold, commanding general of theUnited States Army Air Forces, became the first airman to be promoted to the five-star rank ofgeneral of the Army on 21 December 1944. The four other individuals promoted to the rank of General of the Army, all from theArmy Ground Forces, werechief of staff of the United States ArmyGeorge C. Marshall, supreme commander of theSouth West Pacific AreaDouglas MacArthur, supreme commander ofSupreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary ForceDwight D. Eisenhower and commander of theTwelfth United States Army GroupOmar Bradley.[4] Four Navy admirals were also promoted to the five-star rank offleet admiral, includingWilliam D. Leahy,Chief of Staff to the Commander in Chief,Ernest King,Chief of Naval Operations and commander-in-chief,United States Fleet,Chester W. Nimitz, commander-in-chief of thePacific Ocean Areas andUnited States Pacific Fleet, andWilliam Halsey Jr., commander of theSouth Pacific Area.[5]

General of the Army Arnold retained the rank after the U.S. Air Force gained its independence from the U.S. Army on 18 September 1947.[6] On 7 May 1949, underPub. L. 81–58, Henry Arnold's official U.S. rank was redesignated from General of the Army to General of the Air Force. General of the Air Force Arnold is the only individual in the U.S. Armed Forces to possess two five-star ranks and is the only airman to have a five-star rank.[6]

The Air Force currently declares that General of the Air Force is an active rank and it could again be bestowed at the discretion of theUnited States Congress. However, the President, with consent from the Senate, may award a fifth star at any time they see fit.[7][8][9]

Rank senior to General of the Air Force

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The onlyUnited States Armed Forces rank senior to General of the Air Force isGeneral of the Armies.[10] The rank of General of the Armies has only been granted to GeneralsJohn J. Pershing,Ulysses S. Grant andGeorge Washington.

See also

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References

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  1. ^Aldebol, Lt. Col. Anthony (1999).Army Air Force and United States Air Force Decorations, Medals, Ribbons, Badges and Insignia (2nd ed.). MOA Press. p. 61.ISBN 1-884452-05-1.
  2. ^Armed Forces Information and Education (1960).Military Uniforms: A Manual of United States and Foreign Armed Forces Uniforms, Insignia and Organizations (DOD PAM 1-14) (3rd ed.). Department of Defense. p. 55. Retrieved2 July 2022.
  3. ^"Commissioned Officer rank and descriptions".927th Air Refueling Wing. United States Air Force. 17 November 2016. Retrieved22 March 2021.
  4. ^"How many U.S. Army five-star generals have there been and who were they?".history.army.mil. U.S. Army Center of Military History. 31 January 2021. Archived fromthe original on 12 December 2007. Retrieved22 March 2021.
  5. ^"Fleet Admirals, U.S. Navy".navyhistory.org.Naval Historical Foundation. 1 August 1966. Retrieved22 March 2021.
  6. ^abBoyne, Walter J. (1 September 1997)."Hap".airforcemag.com. Air Force Magazine. Retrieved22 March 2021.
  7. ^"U.S. Sen. Kasten Pushing Effort To Award Powell With Historic Fifth Star".Jet.79 (23). March 1991.ISSN 0021-5996. Retrieved21 February 2011....there is a movement afoot in the U.S. Senate to award an historic fifth star to the nation's first Black Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Gen. Colin L. Powell for his military proficiency.
  8. ^Italia, Bob (1991).Armed Forces: War in the Gulf. Abdo & Daughters. pp. 44–46.ISBN 978-1-56239-026-6. Retrieved21 February 2011.
  9. ^Stephanopoulos, George (1999).All Too Human: A Political Education. Thorndike Press. pp. 330–331.ISBN 978-0-7862-2016-8. Retrieved21 February 2011.
  10. ^Public Law 94-479 of 1976 to provide for the appointment of George Washington to the grade of General of the Armies of the United States
United States uniformed servicescommissioned officer andofficer candidate ranks
Pay grade / branch of serviceOfficer
candidate		O-1O-2O-3O-4O-5O-6O-7O-8O-9O-10Wartime
grade		Special
grade
Insignia[1]alt=alt=Second lieutenant / Ensignalt=alt=First lieutenant / Lieutenant (junior grade)alt=alt=alt=Captain / Lieutenantalt=alt=Major / Lieutenant commanderalt=alt=Lieutenant colonel / Commanderalt=alt=Colonel / Captainalt=alt=Brigadier general / Rear admiral (lower half)alt=alt=Major General / Rear admiralalt=alt=Lieutenant general / Vice admiralalt=alt=General / Admiralalt=alt=General of the Air Force / General of the Army / Fleet Admiral[2]
ArmyCDT /OC2LT1LTCPTMAJLTCCOLBGMGLTGGENGA[3]GAS[2]
Marine CorpsMidn /Cand2ndLt1stLtCaptMajLtColColBGenMajGenLtGenGen[5][5]
NavyMIDN /OCENSLTJGLTLCDRCDRCAPTRDMLRADMVADMADMFADM[3][5]
Air ForceCdt /OT2d Lt1st LtCaptMajLt ColColBrig GenMaj GenLt GenGenGAF[3][5]
Space ForceCdt /OT2d Lt1st LtCaptMajLt ColColBrig GenMaj GenLt GenGen[5][5]
Coast GuardCDT /OCENSLTJGLTLCDRCDRCAPTRDMLRADMVADMADM[5][5]
PHS CorpsOCENSLTJGLTLCDRCDRCAPTRDMLRADMVADMADM[5][5]
NOAA CorpsOCENSLTJGLTLCDRCDRCAPTRDMLRADMVADM[4][5][5]
[1] No universal insignia for officer candidate rank
[2] No official insignia and not currently listed by the Army as an obtainable rank.John J. Pershing's GAS insignia:General of the Armies (collar)General of the Armies (epaulettes)
[3] These ranks are reserved for wartime use only, and are still listed as ranks within their respective services
[4] Grade is authorized by theU.S. Code for use but has not been created
[5] Grade has never been created or authorized
Ancient
Modern
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