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Agate equivalent (GE) stands for a unit of measure which allows specifyingmanufacturing-technology-independent complexity ofdigital electronic circuits.For today'sCMOS technologies, the silicon area of a two-input drive-strength-oneNANDgate usually constitutes thetechnology-dependent unit area commonly referred to as gate equivalent.A specification in gate equivalents for a certain circuit reflects a complexity measure, from which a corresponding silicon area can be deduced for a dedicated manufacturing technology.

In digital circuit design, a dedicatedstandard cell library is employed for each manufacturing technology (e.g., CMOS). The standard cell library comprises many differentlogic gates, for example a NAND gate. For each logical type of logic gate, e.g., a two-input NAND, there usually exist different physical realizations in the standard cell library, for instance with different output drive strengths.

Basically, a two-inputdrive-strength-one NAND gate in CMOS technology consists of fourtransistors.

• Logic family
• NMOS logic
• MOSFET
• Fanout
• FO4
• Boolean logic

• Digital Integrated Circuit Design: From VLSI Architectures to CMOS Fabrication, Hubert Kaeslin, Cambridge University Press, 2008

• Logic gates
• Equivalent units

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