Garrett Motion Inc.

Formerly	Honeywell Turbo Technologies Honeywell Transportation Systems Garrett AiResearch's Industrial Division
Company type	Public
Traded as	Nasdaq: GTX
Industry	Automotive
Founded	1954 asGarrett AiResearch's Industrial Division 2018 as independent company
Headquarters	Rolle, Switzerland
Key people	Olivier Rabiller (President andCEO)Daniel Ninivaggi (Chairman of the Board)
Products	Turbochargers
Revenue	US$3.6 billion (2021)[1]
Net income	US $707 million (2021)[1]
Number of employees	7,500 (2021)
Website	www.garrettmotion.com
Footnotes / references [2]

Garrett Motion Inc., formerlyHoneywell Transportation Systems andHoneywell Turbo Technologies, is an American company primarily involved in engineering, development and manufacturing ofturbochargers and relatedforced induction systems for ground vehicles from small passenger cars to large trucks and industrial equipment and construction machinery. It originated as part ofGarrett AiResearch's Industrial Division inPhoenix, Arizona, in 1954, after which they entered a contract to provide 5,000 turbochargers for theCaterpillar mining vehicle. It manufactured turbochargers forrailroads and commercial trucks. The business produced approximately $3.6 billion in revenue in 2021. Garrett Motion is also involved in motorsports providing turbochargers and forced induction systems, solutions and related equipment to racing teams and various forms of automobile racing and professional competitions.^[3] In 2004, the business became part of American industrial conglomerateHoneywell International, Inc., as their Transportation Systems division. In 2018, it was spun off to become an independent company under the Garrett Motion name with corporate headquarters inRolle, Switzerland.

John Clifford "Cliff" Garrett founded the Aircraft Tool and Supply Company in a one-room office inLos Angeles in 1936.^[4][5] In 1938, the company changed its name to Garrett Corporation, consolidating several companies into one with three divisions. The company produced aircraft turbochargers for the war effort inWorld War II, as well asavionics, environmental controls and other products.^[5]

In the 1950s, the city of Los Angeles and other municipalities started using turbochargers in their sewage purification operations. By 1952, 20,000 turbocharged engines were in use in the US.^[6] In order to explore applications of turbochargers fordiesel engines, Garrett separated the turbocharger group from the gas turbine group on September 27, 1954, to form theAiResearch Industrial Division (AID).^[7]

The first T-15Turbocharger was delivered to theCaterpillar Company in 1955.^[8] It was followed by an order for 5,000 production units, to be installed in theCaterpillar D9 tractor.^[9][6] The industrial division produced turbochargers for construction machinery, railroad locomotives, tractors, ships, power plants and oil pipeline pumping stations.^[6]

The T11 automotive turbocharger developed in 1960 expanded turbos to commercial vehicles such as the heavy trucks produced byMack Trucks,Volvo andScania.^[6] The first turbocharged passenger cars were theChevrolet Corvair Monza and theOldsmobile Jetfire in 1962/1963. In the 1960s turbochargers were used in race-cars and sports cars, gaining an association with racing culture and auto-enthusiasts.^[10] Company founder Cliff Garrett's death in 1963 was followed by a hostile takeover threat byCurtiss-Wright Corporation. To avoid this, Garrett Corporation merged withSignal Oil and Gas Company in 1964.^[5] The combined company adopted the name The Signal Companies in 1968^[9] before merging withAllied Corporation to becomeAllied-Signal Inc.

The oil crisis of the 1970s made federal regulators put pressure on car manufacturers to reduce exhaust emissions. By 1977 manufacturers introduced turbocharged cars in the US and Europe like thesecond generation Buick Regal andLeSabre sports coupe as well as European cars by Volvo,Saab,Peugeot,Renault andMercedes.^[6] In 1978 there were only eight turbocharged car models and seven used Garrett turbochargers.^[6] Garrett formed the automotive group in 1980 and by the mid-1980s there were over 100 turbocharged models.^[6] Turbochargers became commonplace by the 1990s.^[10]

In 1994, Allied-Signal acquired theLycoming Turbine Engine Division ofTextron followed by the sale of the Garrett Aviation Division toGeneral Electric three years later. In 1999, it acquired Honeywell International Inc. and adopted Honeywell as the company name.^[5] In 2011, Honeywell sold its automotive Consumer Products Group toRank Group, a New Zealand private investment firm, for $950 million. This included brands likeFram Filters, Prestone antifreeze andAutolite spark plugs.^[11]

In the 2000s Garrett's turbochargers were installed in the engines of theChevrolet Sonic,Mercedes S 350,Volkswagen Polo,BMW X6 ActiveHybrid,Ford F-350,Volkswagen Golf andJaguar XF among others.^{[12][13][14][15][16]} In 2010 the company developed 15 new technologies for 100 new engines, including the world's first use of ball bearing technology in a mainstream light vehicle diesel engine.^[17] Garrett has developed the world's smallest turbo for the Tata Nano^[18][19] as well as for the 100-liter engine of the Caterpillar mining truck.^[18][19]

On October 1, 2018, Garrett Motion Inc. became an independent publicly traded company through a pro rata distribution of Garrett shares to Honeywell's stockholders. Each Honeywell stockholder of record received one share of Garrett common stock for every 10 shares of Honeywell common stock held on the record date. Approximately 74 million shares of Garrett common stock were distributed on October 1, 2018, to Honeywell stockholders.^{[citation needed]}

On September 21, 2020, Garrett Motion announced its intention to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy and be acquired byKPS Capital Partners.^[20]

In April 2021, Garrettemerged from Chapter 11, completing the restructuring process and implementing the restructuring plan that was confirmed by the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York on April 23, 2021. The company raised 1.3 bln in equity during Chapter 11 restructuring.

The Garrett brand competes in numerous motorsport series and supports sports car racing, drag racing, rally racing, and open-wheel racing. Racing vehicles using a Garrett turbo include:^[21]

Garrett offers gasoline-powered turbochargers calledwastegate turbos. They are designed to be smaller than previous turbo generations, have higher fuel efficiency, more torque, and meet emissions standards.^[27] Garrett also offersVariable-geometry turbochargers called VNT.^[28] They have nine moveable vanes, an electrohydraulicactuator and a proportionalsolenoid for variable control throughout the engine's power curve.^[10][29] This means the air passageway of the turbo varies to meet the engine's needs at different RPMs. Forty million VNT turbochargers have been sold since the 1990s.^[30] VNT DutyDrive, previously called Double Axle VNT, uses 12–19 turbine nozzle vanes supported by twin axles for trucks and buses.^[31]

Garrett also offers adiesel engine version of wastegate turbos and VNTs.^[32]Dual-stage turbochargers use two smaller turbochargers either side-by-side (parallel) or in sequence (serial).^[32] The first is used at low speeds and a valve opens up the second as engine RPMs increase. The dual-stage used in the Audi A6/A7 three liter V6 engine however runs both turbochargers at a lower pressure mode and some use one larger turbo followed by a smaller one.^[33] The Dualboost has dual compressors to mimic a twin turbocharger.^[34]

Garrett Motion has patented a single-cartridge, dual ball bearing technology, which uses a single sleeve system with a set of angular ball bearings on either end. This creates a rolling rather than sliding mechanism between parts intended to reduce the amount of pressure required to achieve airflow.^[29][35]

• Official website

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• Turbocharger manufacturers
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• Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2020
• 1954 establishments in Arizona
• Manufacturing companies established in 1954

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