Gardena, California | |
|---|---|
 The United States Post Office in Gardena | |
 Flag  Seal | |
| Nickname: "Freeway City"[1] | |
| Motto: "The City of Opportunity!" | |
 Location of Gardena in Los Angeles County, California | |
  Gardena, California Location in the United States | |
| Coordinates:33°53′37″N118°18′28″W / 33.89361°N 118.30778°W /33.89361; -118.30778 | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  California |
| County | Los Angeles |
| Incorporated | September 11, 1930[2] |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Tasha Cerda[3] |
| • Mayor Pro Tem | Mark E. Henderson |
| • City Council | Rodney G. Tanaka Paulette C. Francis Wanda Love |
| Area | |
• Total | 5.86 sq mi (15.19 km2) |
| • Land | 5.83 sq mi (15.10 km2) |
| • Water | 0.035 sq mi (0.09 km2) 0.61% |
| Elevation | 49 ft (15 m) |
| Population | |
• Total | 61,027 |
| • Density | 10,470/sq mi (4,042/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−8 (PST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−7 (PDT) |
| ZIP Codes | 90247–90249[7] |
| Area codes | 310/424[8] |
| FIPS code | 06-28168 |
| GNIS feature IDs | 1660664,2410570 |
| Website | www |
Gardena is a city located in theSouth Bay region ofLos Angeles County, California, United States. The population was 61,027 at the2020 census, up from 58,829 at the2010 census. Until 2014, the U.S. census cited the City of Gardena as theplace with the highest percentage ofJapanese Americans in California.[9] Gardena's Japanese American population contributes to the South Bay region of Los Angeles being home to the highest density of Japanese companies within the mainland United States.[10]
Based on archaeological findings, theTongva people hunted and fished in the area of today's Gardena.[11] The Tongva Indians – also known as Gabrielino Indians – are probably descendants of those who crossed from Asia to North America around 10,000 years ago.[11]
In 1784, three years after the foundation ofLos Angeles,Juan Jose Dominguez (1736–1809), aSpanish soldier who arrived inSan Diego,California in 1769 withFernando Rivera y Moncada, in recognition of his military service, received the roughly 43,000-acre (170 km2) Spanish land grant, theRancho San Pedro. Part of this land contained what became known as Gardena Valley.[11] After theAmerican Civil War veterans bought parts of the land, and soon ranchers and farmers followed suit.[11] Union Army Major GeneralWilliam Starke Rosecrans in 1869 bought 16,000 acres (65 km2). The "Rosecrans Rancho" was bordered by what later was Florence Avenue on the north, Redondo Beach Boulevard on the south, Central Avenue on the east, and Arlington Avenue on the west. The Rosecrans property was subdivided and sold in the early 1870s. One of those became the 650-acre (2.6 km2) Amestoy Ranch. Gardena proper began in 1887 when the Pomeroy & Harrison real estate developers subdivided the ranch, anticipating the coming of the Los Angeles and Redondo Railway. Civil War veteran Spencer Roane Thorpe is credited with starting the first settlement in Gardena in 1887.[11] Railroads put Gardena on the map following a1880s Southern California real estate boom.[11]
Some believe the city was named for its reputation for being the only "green spot" in the dry season between Los Angeles and the sea.[11] Because of its acres of berries, the city was dubbed "Berryland".[11] The Strawberry Day Festival and Parade was held each May.[11] The berry industry suffered at the time ofWorld War I as other crops were supported by thewar economy.[12]
Japanese Americans settled in Gardena throughout its history.[13] The only way Gardena could protect itself from a heavy county tax imposed on a planned project at a park site was to incorporate.[12] The City of Gardena became incorporated on September 11, 1930.[12]
From 1936 to 1980, Gardena held a local monopoly on legalcardrooms, the taxes from which accounted for nearly a third of its annual budget.[14][15] As this Los Angeles suburb grew, many Japanese American families moved into the new tract homes being built.[16][17]
According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.9 square miles (15 km2), over 99% of which is land. A 9.4-acre (3.8 ha) wetland preserve, theGardena Willows Wetland Preserve, is located at the southeast corner of Gardena. This is a naturally occurring marshland where water seeps above-ground all year round. It hosts several species of trees and other vegetation.
Gardena is bordered by the unincorporated community ofAthens on the north, theLos Angeles neighborhood ofHarbor Gateway on the east and south,Torrance on the southwest,Alondra Park on the west, andHawthorne on the northwest.
Neighborhoods in Gardena include:
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1940 | 5,909 | — | |
| 1950 | 14,405 | 143.8% | |
| 1960 | 35,943 | 149.5% | |
| 1970 | 41,021 | 14.1% | |
| 1980 | 45,165 | 10.1% | |
| 1990 | 49,847 | 10.4% | |
| 2000 | 57,746 | 15.8% | |
| 2010 | 58,829 | 1.9% | |
| 2020 | 61,027 | 3.7% | |
| U.S. decennial census[19] 1860–1870[20][21] 1880-1890[22] 1900[23] 1910[24] 1920[25] 1930[26] 1940[27] 1950[28] 1960[29][30] 1970[31] 1980[32] 1990[33]2000[34] 2010[35] 2020[36] | |||
Gardena first appeared as a city in the1940 U.S. census[27] as part of Inglewood Township (pop. 38,637 in 1930).[26]
| Race / ethnicity(NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 1980[37] | Pop 1990[38] | Pop 2000[39] | Pop 2010[40] | Pop 2020[36] | % 1980 | % 1990 | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White alone (NH) | 14,479 | 10,471 | 7,064 | 5,484 | 4,819 | 32.06% | 21.01% | 12.23% | 9.32% | 7.90% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 10,094 | 11,443 | 14,701 | 14,034 | 13,006 | 22.35% | 22.96% | 25.46% | 23.86% | 21.31% |
| Native American orAlaska Native alone (NH) | 236 | 170 | 129 | 100 | 106 | 0.52% | 0.34% | 0.22% | 0.17% | 0.17% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 12,498 | 16,153 | 15,363 | 15,149 | 15,813 | 27.67% | 32.41% | 26.60% | 25.75% | 25.91% |
| Native Hawaiian orPacific Islander alone (NH) | 381 | 382 | 356 | 0.66% | 0.65% | 0.58% | ||||
| Other race alone (NH) | 125 | 104 | 145 | 174 | 364 | 0.28% | 0.21% | 0.25% | 0.30% | 0.60% |
| Mixed race or multiracial (NH) | x | x | 1,591 | 1,355 | 2,060 | x | x | 2.76% | 2.30% | 3.38% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 7,733 | 11,506 | 18,372 | 22,151 | 24,503 | 17.12% | 23.08% | 31.82% | 37.65% | 40.15% |
| Total | 45,165 | 49,847 | 57,746 | 58,829 | 61,027 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
The2020 United States census reported that Gardena had a population of 61,027. The population density was 10,469.5 inhabitants per square mile (4,042.3/km2). The racial makeup of Gardena was 11.9%White, 21.8%African American, 1.2%Native American, 26.5%Asian, 0.7%Pacific Islander, 25.9% fromother races, and 11.9% from two or more races.Hispanic or Latino of any race were 40.2% of the population.[41]
The census reported that 98.4% of the population lived in households, 0.4% lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 1.3% were institutionalized.[41]
There were 21,571 households, out of which 30.7% included children under the age of 18, 40.7% were married-couple households, 6.4% werecohabiting couple households, 32.7% had a female householder with no partner present, and 20.2% had a male householder with no partner present. 24.7% of households were one person, and 10.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.78.[41] There were 14,799families (68.6% of all households).[42]
The age distribution was 18.9% under the age of 18, 8.5% aged 18 to 24, 28.0% aged 25 to 44, 27.1% aged 45 to 64, and 17.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.9 males.[41]
There were 22,393 housing units at an average density of 3,841.7 units per square mile (1,483.3 units/km2), of which 21,571 (96.3%) were occupied. Of these, 47.3% were owner-occupied, and 52.7% were occupied by renters.[41]
In 2023, the US Census Bureau estimated that the median household income was $79,291, and theper capita income was $35,807. About 7.7% of families and 11.0% of the population were below the poverty line.[43]
The2010 United States census[44] reported that Gardena had a population of 58,829. The population density was 10,030.0 inhabitants per square mile (3,872.6/km2). The racial composition of Gardena was 14,498 (24.6%)white (9.3% Non-Hispanic White),[45] 14,352 (24.4%)black, 348 (0.6%)Native American, 15,400 (26.2%)Asian, 426 (0.7%)Pacific Islander, 11,136 (18.9%) fromother races, and 2,669 (4.5%) from two or more races. There were 22,151 people ofHispanic orLatino origin, of any race (37.7%).
The Census reported that 58,035 people (98.7% of the population) lived in households, 122 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 672 (1.1%) were institutionalized.
There were 20,558 households, out of which 7,199 (35.0%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 8,782 (42.7%) wereopposite-sex married couples living together, 3,931 (19.1%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,486 (7.2%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,085 (5.3%)unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 104 (0.5%)same-sex married couples or partnerships. 5,142 households (25.0%) were made up of individuals, and 1,921 (9.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82. There were 14,199families (69.1% of all households); the average family size was 3.39.
The population was spread out, with 13,410 people (22.8%) under the age of 18, 5,353 people (9.1%) aged 18 to 24, 16,656 people (28.3%) aged 25 to 44, 15,086 people (25.6%) aged 45 to 64, and 8,324 people (14.1%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.8 males.
There were 21,472 housing units at an average density of 3,660.8 per square mile (1,413.4/km2), of which 9,852 (47.9%) were owner-occupied, and 10,706 (52.1%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.6%. 28,585 people (48.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 29,450 people (50.1%) lived in rental housing units.
During 2009–2013, Gardena had a median household income of $48,251, with 15.5% of the population living below the federal poverty line.[45]
As of the2000 census[46] of 2000, there were 57,746 people, 20,324 households, and 14,023 families residing in the city. The population density was 9,921.3 inhabitants per square mile (3,830.6/km2). There were 21,041 housing units at an average density of 3,615.0 per square mile (1,395.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 23.82%White, 25.99%Black orAfrican American, 0.64%Native American, 26.82%Asian, 0.73%Pacific Islander, 16.94% fromother races, and 5.05% from two or more races. 31.82% of the population wereHispanic orLatino of any race.
Mexican andJapanese were the most common ancestries.Mexico andKorea were the most common foreign places of birth.[47]
In 1980, about 31% of the population was Anglo white, 23% was black, 21% was Japanese, and 17% was Latino. The remainder included a Korean community that was increasing in size and Chinese, Filipino, and Native American people. The National Planning Data Corp. released projected figures in 1987 estimating that of the 50,000 residents, 26.3% were Anglo, 23% were black, 22.7 were Latino, and 28% were of other racial groups. By 1989, Anglo and Japanese residents tended to live in central and southern Gardena. Middle class black people began to move into the Hollypark area in northern Gardena in the 1960s, so the black population was concentrated there.[48]
According to the 1970 U.S. Census, 56% of the population was white. Racial demographic changes occurred until 1978. That year, Mayor Edmond J. Russ declared that according to a special 1978 census, the racial demographics of Gardena had stabilized.[49]
Gardena has a large Japanese-American community.[50] Until 2014, it had the second-highest concentration of Japanese Americans in any U.S. municipality, the first beingHonolulu. As of 2014, the nearby city ofTorrance holds the highest Japanese-American population in the 48 contiguous states.[51]
The Japanese Cultural Institute (JCI) has been is located in Gardena since 1988, and offers cultural and social activities for Japanese Americans. The building used during that year was completed in 1976.[52]
Early in Gardena's history, Japanese migrants played a role in the agrarian economy. The Japanese Association founded the Moneta Japanese Institute in 1911, and the Parents' Association founded the Gardena Japanese School in 1916.[53] Beginning in the 1920s, Japanese American organizations, including theMoneta Gakuen, were established continuously around the current JCI site. TheMoneta Gakuen operated a school until the World War II internment.[52]
In 1942 theU.S. military moved the Japanese in Gardena tointernment camps.[53]
In 1966, for the first time, aNisei, Kiyoto Ken Nakaoka, was seated on the city council.[54] Nakaoka later became Gardena's mayor in 1972.[55] In 1980, the city was 21% Japanese, and as of 1989[update], Japanese residents tended to live in the center and south of the city.[48]
As of 1992[update], about 60% of the Korean population in theSouth Bay region lived in Gardena and Torrance. By that year, many Korean businesses had been established in Gardena because its commercial land was more affordable than that of Torrance, a middle-class base, and it also had an established East Asian population.[56] In 1990, 2,857 ethnic Koreans lived in Gardena, a 209% increase from the 1980 figure of 924.[56]
Digital Manga is headquartered in Suite 300 at 1487 West 178th Street.[57]Nissin Foods has its United States headquarters and a plant in Gardena.[58][59] Nissin Foods (U.S.A.) Co., Inc. opened in Gardena in 1970.[60]Marukai Corporation U.S.A. has its headquarters in Gardena.[61] Nissan's North America headquarters were located in Gardena until they moved to Tennessee in 2006.
National Stores Inc., which operates the Factory 2-U and the Fallas Paredes brands, has its headquarters in the Harbor Gateway area of Los Angeles,[62] near Gardena.[63]
According to the city's 2023 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report,[64] the top employers in the city as of 2020 were:
| # | Employer | # of Employees |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United Parcel Service Inc. | 789 |
| 2 | Gardena Memorial Hospital | 750 |
| 3 | Nissin Foods | 550 |
| 4 | Hustler Casino | 465 |
| 5 | Air Fayre | 289 |
| 6 | Avcorp | 289 |
| 7 | Larry Flynt's Lucky Lady Casino | 245 |
| 8 | Southwest Offset Printing | 235 |
| 9 | Kindred Hospital South Bay | 225 |
| 10 | Target | 200 |
In theCalifornia State Senate, Gardena is split betweenthe 24th senatorial district, represented byDemocrat Ben Allen andthe 35th senatorial district, represented byDemocrat Laura Richardson. In theCalifornia State Assembly, it is split betweenthe 61st Assembly district, represented byDemocrat Tina McKinnor andthe 66th Assembly district, represented byDemocrat Al Muratsuchi.[65]
In theUnited States House of Representatives, Gardena is inCalifornia's 43rd congressional district, represented byDemocrat Maxine Waters.[66]
TheLos Angeles Unified School District covers all of Gardena,[67] and operates the city's public schools.
Elementary schools in the city limits[68] include:
Elementary schools physically in the City of Los Angeles,[68] but with Gardena postal address names, include:
Zoned middle schools include:
Zoned high schools include:
In the spring of 1956, the junior high school classes stayed at the old Gardena High School while the high school classes moved into a new building. Up until the opening of the new Gardena High School, high school students held morning shifts, while junior high school students held afternoon shifts.[78]
The northern end of the Gardena HS campus has LAUSD staff housing, Sage Park Apartments.[79]
Area charter schools include:
TheRoman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles operates Catholic schools in Gardena, includingJunípero Serra High School,[83] Maria Regina Catholic School (K-8),[84] and St. Anthony of Padua School (K-8).[85] Pacific Lutheran Jr./Sr. High school, a 6-12 non-Catholic private school, is in Gardena.[86] The Gardena Christian Academy, a PreK-2 Christian school, is in Gardena.[87]
TheGardena Office of Economic Development is a department of the city government. It aids employers in filling a variety of jobs customized to their specific needs. It also helps potential employers in setting up business enterprises.
TheGardena Police Department is the primary law enforcement agency in the city. The department has 89 sworn police officers, 24 full-time support staff, and 33 part-time employees. There are reserve, volunteer, and explorer programs. The current Chief of Police is Todd Fox, appointed in 2025. Radio communications and the 9-1-1 call center are handled by the South Bay Regional Public Communications Authority.
TheLos Angeles County Department of Health Services operates the Curtis Tucker Health Center inInglewood and the Torrance Health Center in Harbor Gateway, Los Angeles, near Torrance and serving Gardena.[88][89]
TheUnited States Postal Service operates the Gardena Post Office at 1455 West Redondo Beach Boulevard,[90] the South Gardena Post Office at 1103 West Gardena Boulevard,[91] and the Alondra Post Office at 14028 Van Ness Avenue.[92]
Gardena Mayme Dear Library, a 16,000-square-foot (1,500 m2) building located in Gardena,[93] and Masao W. Satow Library, located west of Gardena inAlondra Park (El Camino Village),unincorporatedLos Angeles County,[94][95] are operated by theCounty of Los Angeles Public Library.
Wednesday Progressive Club sponsored the formation of the Gardena Library.[93] In 1913 the Moneta Branch was formed.[94] In 1914 the Gardena Library became a part of the Los Angeles County Free Library system. Due to annexation the library was transferred to the Los Angeles City Library Board.[93] In 1919 the Strawberry Park branch was formed.[94] In August 1951 the Gardena library came back to the county system.[93] In 1958 the Strawberry Park and Moneta branches merged into the West Gardena Branch.[94] The current Gardena library building was dedicated on December 5, 1964.[93] In 1969 a fire forced the West Gardena branch to go to a new location. The current Satow building, dedicated on February 26, 1977, was named after aJapanese American in the community.[94] The Gardena library received its current name on May 30, 1992, and was named after a library volunteer, who had died prior to the renaming.[93]
The city operates theGTrans bus services (formerly as Gardena Municipal Bus Lines).
TheNational Transportation Safety Board operates the Gardena Aviation Field Office in Harbor Gateway, Los Angeles; it is the regional headquarters of the NTSB Aviation Western Region.[96]
Huatabampo, Mexico[107]
Ichikawa, Japan[108]1605 West 153rd St Gardena, CA 90247
1048 W 149th St Gardena, CA 90247
1947 Marine Ave Gardena, CA 90249
1620 W 162nd St, Gardena, CA 90247
13210 Purche Ave, Gardena, CA 90249
1581 W 186th St Gardena, CA 90248
647 W Gardena Blvd Gardena, CA 90247
Sage Park Apartments [...] on the north side of the Gardena High School campus.
2818 Manhattan Beach Blvd. Gardena, CA 90249-4534
812 West 165th Pl., Gardena, CA 90247-5105
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