Galsi I
Community development block
Location in West Bengal
Coordinates:23°24′30″N87°32′34″E / 23.40833°N 87.54278°E /23.40833; 87.54278
Country	India
State	West Bengal
District	Purba Bardhaman
Parliamentary constituency	Bardhaman-Durgapur
Assembly constituency	Galsi
Area
• Total	99.37 sq mi (257.37 km2)
Elevation	213 ft (65 m)
Population  (2011)
• Total	187,588
• Density	1,887.8/sq mi (728.87/km2)
Time zone	UTC+5.30 (IST)
PIN	713403 (Bud Bud) 713144 (Mankar)
Telephone/STD code	03452
Vehicle registration	WB-37,WB-38,WB-41,WB-42,WB-44
Literacy Rate	72.87 per cent
Website	http://purbabardhaman.gov.in/

Galsi I is acommunity development block that forms an administrative division inBardhaman Sadar North subdivision ofPurba Bardhaman district in theIndianstate ofWest Bengal.

Bud Bud, a constituent gram panchayat in Galsi I CD Block, is located at23°24′30″N87°32′34″E / 23.408319°N 87.54273°E /23.408319; 87.54273.Galsi I CD Block is part of the Bardhaman Plain, the central plain area of the district. The area is surrounded by theBhagirathi on the east, theAjay on the north-west and theDamodar on the west and south. Old river channels and small creeks found in the region dry up in the dry season, but the Bardhaman Plains are sometimes subject to heavy floods during the rainy season. The region has recentalluvial soils.^[1]

Galsi I CD Block is bounded byAusgram II CD Block on the north,Galsi II CD Block on the east,Sonamukhi andPatrasayer CD Blocks, in Bankura district, on the south andKanksa CD Block on the west.^[2]

Galsi I CD Block has an area of 257.37 km². It has 1panchayat samity, 9gram panchayats, 141 gram sansads (village councils), 87mouzas and 85 inhabited villages.Bud Bud andGalsi police stations serve this block.^[3] Headquarters of this CD Block is at Bud Bud.^[4]

Gram panchayats of Galsi I block/panchayat samiti are: Bud Bud, Chaktentul, Loapur Krishnarampur, Lowa Ramgopalpur, Mankar, Paraj, Potna-Pursa, Serorai and Uchchagram.^[5]

As per the2011 Census of India Galsi I CD Block had a total population of 187,588, of which 164,467 were rural and 23,121 were urban. There were 96,755 (52%) males and 90,833 (48%) females. Population below 6 years was 19,421.Scheduled Castes numbered 67,044 (35.74%) andScheduled Tribes numbered 7,652 (4.08%).^[6]

As per 2001 census, Galsi I block had a total population of 174,070, out of which 90,518 were males and 83,552 were females. Galsi I block registered a population growth of 17.76 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for Bardhaman district was 14.36 per cent.^[7] Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.^[8]Scheduled castes at 61,523 formed around one-third the population. Scheduled tribes numbered 7,187.^[9]

Census Towns in Galsi I CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets):Raipur (5,470),Sukdal (13,093) andBud Bud (4,558).^[6]

Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Galsi I CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets):Bharatpur (4,274), Chak Tentul (4,841),Mankar (10,370), Paraj (5,560), Ramgopalpur (4,362), Mallasarul (4,439), Sirarai (6,915), Pursha (5,740), Kolkol (4,025), Uchchagram (4,887) and Golgram (4,886).^[6]

Other villages in Galsi I CD Block include (2011census figures in brackets): Loa (3,690), Loapur (1,987), Krishnarampur (3,627),Randiha (1953), Potna (1,873),Shillya (1,272),Kasba (2,119).^[6]

As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Galsi I CD Block was 122,540 (72.87% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 69,370 (79.89% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 53,170 (65.37% of the female population over 6 years). Thegender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 14.52%.^[6]

As per 2001 census, Galsi I block had a total literacy of 65.71 per cent for the 6+ age group. While male literacy was 74.98 per cent female literacy was 55.63 per cent. Bardhaman district had a total literacy of 70.18 per cent, male literacy being 78.63 per cent and female literacy being 60.95 per cent.^[10]

See also –List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

In the 2011 census, Hindus numbered 134,475 and formed 71.69% of the population in Galsi I CD Block. Muslims numbered 52,053 and formed 27.75% of the population. Christians numbered 475 and formed 0.25% of the population. Others numbered 585 and formed 0.31% of the population.^[11]

In Bardhaman district, the percentage of Hindu population has been declining from 84.3% in 1961 to 77.9% in 2011 and the percentage of Muslim population has increased from 15.2% in 1961 to 20.7% in 2011.^[12]

At the time of the 2011 census, 90.94% of the population spokeBengali, 4.53% Hindi and 3.29%Santali as their first language.^[13]

As per poverty estimates obtained from household survey for families livingbelow poverty line in 2005,rural poverty in Galsi I CD Block was 37.76%.^[14]

In Galsi I CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators formed 15.32%, agricultural labourers 55.13%, household industry workers 1.66% and other workers 27.89%.^[3]

Galsi I CD Block is part of the area where agriculture dominates the scenario but the secondary and tertiary sectors have shown an increasing trend.^[15]

There are 85 inhabited villages in Galsi I CD block. All 85 villages (100%) have power supply. All 85 villages (100%) have drinking water supply. 19 villages (22.35%) have post offices. 81 villages (95.29%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 28 villages (32.94%) have a pucca (paved) approach road and 53 villages (62.35%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 10 villages (11.76%) haveagricultural credit societies. 5 villages (5.88%) have banks.^[16]

In 2013-14, there were 73 fertiliser depots, 6 seed stores and 75fair price shops in the CD Block.^[3]

Although the Bargadari Act of 1950 recognised the rights ofbargadars to a higher share of crops from the land that they tilled, it was not implemented fully. Large tracts, beyond the prescribed limit of land ceiling, remained with the rich landlords. From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.^[17] Followingland reforms land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Galsi I CD Block could be classified as follows:bargadars 8.11%, patta (document) holders 9.36%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 2.77%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 10.78% and agricultural labourers 68.98%.^[3]

In 2003-04 net cropped area in Galsi I CD Block was 17,379 hectares and the area in which more than one crop was grown was 17,404 hectares.^[18]

In 2013-14, Galsi I CD Block produced 4,939 tonnes ofAman paddy, the main winter crop, from 1,911 hectares, 30,343 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 9,982 hectares, 13 tonnes of wheat from 5 hectares and 15,754 tonnes of potatoes from 840 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.^[3]

In Bardhaman district as a whole Aman paddy constituted 64.32% of the total area under paddy cultivation, while the area under Boro and Aus paddy constituted 32.87% and 2.81% respectively. The expansion of Boro paddy cultivation, with higher yield rates, was the result of expansion of irrigation system and intensive cropping.^[19] In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Galsi I CD Block was 19,174.59 hectares, out of which 18,835.75 hectares were irrigated by canal water and 338.84 hectares by deep tube wells.^[3]

Various developmental activity like Direct Benefit Transfer of assistance to Krishak Bandhu beneficiaries, Crop Demonstration, Awaring farmers of technical know-how, information dissemination by A.T.M.A. etc. has been started with a new approach from mid-April 2020. A widely successful KCC Camp was organised in June 2020 by the office of the Asst. Director of Agriculture, Galsi I block, which is being much appreciated by the farming community of the block. Number of complaints in grievance cell has decreased to a large extent which proves a new sense of confidence and hope among farmers increasing the scope of profitability in Agriculture for this block. Many experts believe that Galsi I has the potential to be one of the leading blocks in agricultural production and productivity and is currently among the top three performing block in the Purba Bardhaman district.

In 2013-14, Galsi I CD Block had offices of 7 commercial banks and 4gramin banks.^[3]

v t e Bardhaman–Asansol section
Legend
km Asansol-Patna section Asansol-Gaya section 123 Radhanagar Colliery siding 120 Sitarampur Andal–Sitarampur loop line planned wye connection Asansol–Adra line IISCO Damodar Yard Sodepur colliery siding 116 Barachak 115 Damodar IISCO Hirapur Exchange Yard IISCO Burnpur sidings 111 Burnpur 107 Asansol Court 106 Mohishila Asansol Electric Loco Shed 106 Asansol Junction Asansol Passenger Yard Grand Trunk Road Kalipahari-Damodar freight bypass line 101 Kalipahari 96 Nuniah Block Hut Nunia River 92 Nimcha Block Hut Nimcha Colliery siding 88 Raniganj Kalidaspur Colliery Damodar River Mejia Thermal Power Station Raniganj Ghat 83 Baktarnagar Block Hut Andal–Sitarampur loop line Andal–Sainthia branch line 80 Andal Andal Marshalling Yard BSTPS Andal siding Durgapur Cement Works (Birla) Durgapur Steel Exchange Yard DSP siding Alloy Steels Plant siding 74 Pinjrapol Block Hut 72 Waria DTPS Waria siding Durgapur Projects Limited Durgapur Coke Oven Plant 64 Durgapur Durgapur Goods Shed 56 Rajbandh IOCL Rajbandh depot 48 Panagarh Panagarh Army Cantonment NH 19 (Grand Trunk Road) HPCLLPG bottling plant 38 Mankar 29 Paraj 23 Galsi 20 Ishan Chandi Halt Sahibganj loop 13 Khana to Bankura–Masagram line (under construction) 8 Talit Bardhaman–Katwa line 0 Barddhaman Junction 7 Gangpur 12 Saktigarh Howrah–Bardhaman chord Howrah–Bardhaman main line km
Sources: [20][21][22][23][24]

Galsi I CD Block has 17 originating/ terminating bus routes.^[3]

TheBardhaman-Asansol section, which is a part ofHowrah-Gaya-Delhi line,Howrah-Allahabad-Mumbai line andHowrah-Delhi main line, passes through this CD Block and there are stations at Mankar and Paraj.^[25]

NH 19 (old numbering NH 2)/Grand Trunk Road passes through this CD Block.^[26]

In 2013-14, Galsi I CD Block had 116 primary schools with 11,593 students, 3 middle schools with 234 students, 14 high schools with 8,967 students and 8 higher secondary schools with 7,056 students. Galsi I CD Block had 1 general college with 1,997 students and 296 institutions for special and non-formal education with 8,949 students^[3]

As per the 2011 census, in Galsi I CD block, amongst the 85 inhabited villages, 6 villages did not have schools, 32 villages had two or more primary schools, 25 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 19 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.^[27]

More than 6,000 schools (in erstwhile Bardhaman district) serve cookedmidday meal to more than 900,000 students.^[28]

Kanad Institute of Engineering and Management was established atMankar in 2008. It is affiliated withMaulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology.^[29]

Mankar College at Mankar was established in 1987. It is affiliated withKazi Nazrul University.^[30]

There are several temples, with varied pattern of construction, atMankar. Some of these temples have terracotta carvings.^[31]

In 2014, Galsi I CD Block had 1 rural hospital, 1 block primary health centre, 2 primary health centres and 2 private nursing homes with total 63 beds and 7 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 27 family welfare subcentres. 6,814 patients were treated indoor and 311,671 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.^[3]

Mankar Rural Hospital atMankar (with 30 beds) and Pursha Rural Hospital atPursha (with 30 beds) are the main medical facilities in Galsi I CD block. There areprimary health centres at:Bharatpur (with 6 beds) and Lowa, PO Dwarmari (with 10 beds).^[32]

Galsi I CD Block is one of the areas of Bardhaman district which is affected by a low level of arsenic contamination of ground water.^[33]

• District map showing blocks

• Community development blocks in Purba Bardhaman district

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