 An image of GRB 230307A with thered dot on the upper left corner being thegamma ray burst's near-infrared afterglow and thegalaxy on the lower right corner being its former homegalaxy | |
| Event type | Gamma ray burst |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Mensa |
| Right ascension | 04h 03m 26.24s |
| Declination | −75° 22′ 43.82″ |
| Distance | 900 millionlight years (comoving) |
| Redshift | 0.065 |
| Total energy output | 10-1000 KeV |
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GRB 230307A was an extremelybright, long durationgamma-ray burst (GRB), likely produced as a consequence of aneutron star merger or black hole - neutron star merger event. It lasted around three minutes,[1] and was observed to have a gamma ray fluence of 3×10−4erg cm−2 in the 10 to 1000KeV (electronvolt) range making it second only toGRB 221009A, which was an extremely bright and long durationgamma ray burst deemed to be the Brightest Of All Time. The burst was around 1000 times more powerful than a typical gamma-ray burst.[1] The burst had the second-highest gamma-ray fluence ever recorded.[2] TheJames Webb Space Telescope (JWST) detected the chemical signature fortellurium (Te).[2][3] Theneutron stars were once part of aspiral galaxy (host galaxy) but were kicked out viagravitational interactions. Then while outside of the maingalaxy at a distance of 120,000light years, they merged, creating GRB 230307A.[3]
230307A is the second brightest gamma ray burst detected in more than 50 years of observations and is located behind theMagellanic Bridge. Despite its long duration, it is most likely the result of the compact merger of a binary ejected from agalaxy in the local universe (redshift z=0.065).[4]
The observation of the spectra of heavy elementstellurium andlanthanide was reported from the settling dust of the event.[5]
At 15:44:06 UT on 7 Mar 2023, theFermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) triggered and located GRB 230307A .[6] at the same time, theGravitational Wave High-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor light curve shows a roughly fast rise and exponential decay (FRED) shape with a possible precursor, with a total duration of ~100 sec.[7] At 2023-03-07T15:44:09Z UT (Solar Orbiter onboard time),Spectrometer Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX) detected GRB 230307A. The gamma-ray burst signal can be clearly seen in the STIX quick-look light curves in the range between 10 - 84 keV. The GRB has a single peak and a duration of about 40 seconds.[8] TheAGILE team also reported hours, T0 =15:44:06 (UTC) The event lasted about 30 s and it released a total number of 527069 counts in the MCAL detector (above a background rate of 1154 Hz), and 920952 counts in the AC Top detector (above a background rate of 2959 Hz).[9] The 2001 Mars Odyssey'sGamma Ray Spectrometer on Mars also reported it within 12 hours resulting in precisely estimating its incoming direction throughInterplanetary Networktriangulation.[10][11] Tellurium (Te) in GRB 230307A was discovered in 2023 by using theJames Webb's Space Telescope's (JWST)mid infrared data. JWST obtained mid-infrared (mid-IR) imaging and spectroscopy 29 and 61 days after the burst.[12]
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