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GPR6

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

GPR6

Identifiers

Aliases

GPR6, G protein-coupled receptor 6

External IDs

OMIM:600553;MGI:2155249;HomoloGene:38026;GeneCards:GPR6;OMA:GPR6 - orthologs

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 6 (human)^[1]

Band	6q21	Start	109,978,256bp^[1]
Band	6q21	End	109,980,720bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 10 (mouse)^[2]

Band	10 B1\|10 22.08 cM	Start	40,945,973bp^[2]
Band	10 B1\|10 22.08 cM	End	40,948,281bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

nucleus accumbens

putamen

caudate nucleus

middle frontal gyrus

endothelial cell

middle temporal gyrus

Brodmann area 23

external globus pallidus

pituitary gland

entorhinal cortex

Top expressed in

dorsal striatum

olfactory tubercle

nucleus accumbens

globus pallidus

superior frontal gyrus

temporal lobe

amygdala

mammillary body

ventromedial nucleus

nucleus of stria terminalis

More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor activity G protein-coupled receptor activity signal transducer activity
Cellular component	integral component of membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane membrane
Biological process	positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathway signal transduction
Sources:Amigo /QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


2830


140741

Ensembl


ENSG00000146360


ENSMUSG00000046922

UniProt


P46095


Q6YNI2

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_005284 NM_001286099


NM_199058

RefSeq (protein)


NP_001273028 NP_005275


NP_951013

Location (UCSC)

Chr 6: 109.98 – 109.98 Mb

Chr 10: 40.95 – 40.95 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

G protein-coupled receptor 6, also known asGPR6, is aprotein which in humans is encoded by theGPR6gene.^[5]^[6]

Function

[edit]

GPR6 is a member of theG protein-coupled receptor family oftransmembrane receptors. It has been reported that GPR6 is both constitutively active but in addition is further activated bysphingosine-1-phosphate.^[7]

GPR6 up-regulatescyclic AMP levels and promotesneurite outgrowth.^[8]

Ligand

[edit]

Inverse Agonist

[edit]

Cannabidiol^[9]
Solangepras (solengepras; CVN-424)

Evolution

[edit]

Paralogues to GPR6gene

[edit]

Source:^[10]

References

[edit]

^^a ^b ^cGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000146360 –Ensembl, May 2017
^^a ^b ^cGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000046922 –Ensembl, May 2017
^"Human PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Entrez Gene: GPR6 G protein-coupled receptor 6".
^Song ZH, Modi W, Bonner TI (July 1995)."Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of human genes encoding three closely related G protein-coupled receptors".Genomics.28 (2):347–349.doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1154.PMID 8530049.
^Uhlenbrock K, Gassenhuber H, Kostenis E (November 2002). "Sphingosine 1-phosphate is a ligand of the human gpr3, gpr6 and gpr12 family of constitutively active G protein-coupled receptors".Cellular Signalling.14 (11):941–953.doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(02)00041-4.PMID 12220620.
^Tanaka S, Ishii K, Kasai K, Yoon SO, Saeki Y (April 2007)."Neural expression of G protein-coupled receptors GPR3, GPR6, and GPR12 up-regulates cyclic AMP levels and promotes neurite outgrowth".The Journal of Biological Chemistry.282 (14):10506–10515.doi:10.1074/jbc.M700911200.PMID 17284443.
^Laun AS, Shrader SH, Brown KJ, Song ZH (March 2019)."GPR3, GPR6, and GPR12 as novel molecular targets: their biological functions and interaction with cannabidiol".Acta Pharmacologica Sinica.40 (3):300–308.doi:10.1038/s41401-018-0031-9.PMC 6460361.PMID 29941868.
^"GeneCards®: The Human Gene Database".

External links

[edit]

"GPR6".IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Archived fromthe original on 2012-09-02. Retrieved2009-04-24.

Cell surface receptor:G protein-coupled receptors

Class A:Rhodopsin-like

Neurotransmitter

Adrenergic	α1 (A B D) α2 (A B C) β1 β2 β3
Purinergic	Adenosine (A1 A2A A2B A3) P2Y (1 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14)
Serotonin	(all but5-HT3)5-HT1 (A B D E F) 5-HT2 (A B C) 5-HT (4 5A 6 7)
Other	Acetylcholine (M1 M2 M3 M4 M5) Dopamine D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 GHB receptor Histamine H1 H2 H3 H4 Melatonin (1A 1B 1C) TAAR (1 2 5 6 8 9)

Metabolites and
signaling molecules

Eicosanoid	CysLT (1 2) LTB4 1 2 FPRL1 OXE Prostaglandin DP (1 2),EP (1 2 3 4),FP Prostacyclin Thromboxane
Other	Bile acid Cannabinoid (CB1 CB2,GPR (18 55 119)) EBI2 Estrogen Free fatty acid (1 2 3 4) Hydroxycarboxylic acids 1 2 3 Lysophosphatidic acid (1 2 3 4 5 6) Lysophospholipid (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8) Oxoglutarate PAF Sphingosine-1-phosphate (1 2 3 4 5) Succinate

Peptide

Neuropeptide

B/W (1
2)
FF (1
2)
S
Y (1
2
4
5)
Neuromedin (B
U (1
2))
Neurotensin (1
2)

Other

Anaphylatoxin (C3a
C5a (1
2))
Angiotensin (1
2)
Apelin
Bombesin
- BRS3
- GRPR
- NMBR)
- Bradykinin (B1
- B2)
Chemerin
- 1
- 2
Chemokine
Cholecystokinin (A
B)
Endothelin
- A
- B
Formyl peptide (1
2
3)
FSH
Galanin (1
2
3)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1
2)
Ghrelin
Kisspeptin
Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin
MAS (1
1L
D
E
F
G
X1
X2
X3
X4)
Melanocortin (1
2
3
4
5)
MCHR (1
2)
Motilin
Opioid (Delta
Kappa
Mu
Nociceptin &Zeta, but notSigma)
Orexin (1
2)
Oxytocin
Prokineticin (1
2)
Prolactin-releasing peptide
Relaxin (1
2
3
4)
Somatostatin (1
2
3
4
5)
Tachykinin (1
2
3)
Thyrotropin
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Urotensin-II
Vasopressin (1A
1B
2)

Miscellaneous

Taste, bitter	TAS2R 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 13 14 16 19 20 30 31 38 39 40 41 42 43 45 46 50 60 Vomeronasal receptor type 1
Orphan	GPR (3 4 6 12 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 26 27 31 32 33 34 35 37 39 42 45 50 52 55 61 62 63 65 68 75 78 82 83 84 85 87 88 101 103 109A 119 132 135 137B 139 141 142 146 148 149 150 151 152 153 160 161 162 171 173 174 176 177 182 183)
Other	Adrenomedullin Olfactory Opsin (3 4 5 1LW 1MW 1SW RGR RRH) Protease-activated (1 2 3 4) SREB (1 2 3)

Class B:Secretin-like

Adhesion	ADGRB Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 2 3 ADGRC Cadherin 1 2 3 ADGRE EMR 1 2 3 CD97 ADGRG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ADGRL Latrophilin 1 2 3 ELTD1
Orphan	GPR (56 64 97 98 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 123 124 125 126 128 133 143 144 155 157)
Other	Calcitonin CALCRL Corticotropin-releasing hormone (1 2) Glucagon (GR GIPR GLP1R GLP2R) Growth-hormone-releasing hormone PACAPR1 GPR Methuselah-like proteins Parathyroid hormone (1 2) Secretin Vasoactive intestinal peptide (1 2)

Class C:Metabotropic glutamate /pheromone

Taste, sweet	TAS1R 1 2 3 Vomeronasal receptor, type 2
Other	Calcium-sensing receptor GABA_B (1 2) Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8)) GPRC6A GPR (156 158 179) RAIG (1 2 3 4)