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Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite-2

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Japanese Earth observation satellite

Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite-2
Spacecraft properties
Names	Ibuki-2

Mission type	Environmental
Operator	JAXA
COSPAR ID	2018-084B
SATCAT no.	43672
Website	www.satnavi.jaxa.jp/e/project/gosat2/
Mission duration	5 years (planned) Elapsed: 7 years, 3 months, 21 days


Manufacturer	Mitsubishi Electric^[1]
Launch mass	1,800 kilograms (4,000 lb)^[1]
Power	5000 W^[1]


Start of mission
Launch date	29 October 2018 04:08 (2018-10-29UTC04:08) UTC
Rocket	H-IIA F40
Launch site	Tanegashima,Yoshinobu 1
Contractor	Mitsubishi Heavy Industries


Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Low Earth
Eccentricity	0.00106^[2]
Altitude	612.98 km^[2]
Inclination	97.84°^[2]
Period	98.1 minutes^[2]


Main Instrument
Wavelengths	0.75 – 0.77 μm / 1.56 – 1.69 μm / 1.92 – 2.38 μm / 5.6 – 8.4 μm / 8.4 – 14.3 μm (FTS-2)^[3]
Resolution	0.2 cm⁻¹ (FTS-2)

Instruments
TANSO-FTS-2 - Infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer TANSO-CAI-2 - Thermal and Near-Infrared Sensor

TheGreenhouse Gases Observing Satellite-2 (GOSAT-2), also known asIbuki-2 (Japanese:いぶき2号,Hepburn:Ibuki nigō), is anEarth observation satellite dedicated togreenhouse gas monitoring. It is a successor ofGreenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT). The GOSAT-2 was developed as a joint project of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA),Ministry of the Environment, and theNational Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES). It was launched on 29 October 2018 from theTanegashima Space Center aboard theH-IIA rocket.^{[citation needed]}

Comparison to GOSAT

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Major changes in comparison to the previous GOSAT are:^[4]

Improved measurement precision.
FTS-2 can also monitorcarbon monoxide (CO) andnitrogen dioxide (NO₂).
FTS-2 can selectcloud-free point automatically for observation.
While GOSAT's CAI was observing nadir view, GOSAT-2's CAI-2 observes forward (20 degree) and backward (20 degree) simultaneously.
CAI-2 can also monitorPM2.5 andblack carbon.^[1]

Successor: GOSAT-GW

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GOSAT-GW (Ibuki GW), the successor of GOSAT-2 andGCOM-W "Shizuku", was launched on 28 June 2025 on the last flight of theH-IIA launch vehicle.^[5]It was under development for launch inJFY2024.^[6] Due to the delay of development, it was delayed to be launched in JFY2025.^[7]

References

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^^a ^b ^c ^d"IBUKI-2（GOSAT-2）". JAXA. Retrieved30 April 2021.
^^a ^b ^c ^d地球観測データ利用ハンドブック（GOSAT-2／いぶき2号）(PDF) (in Japanese). JAXA. October 2020. Retrieved1 May 2021.
^"GOSAT-2 Project Site". National Institute of Environment Studies. Retrieved30 April 2021.
^"GOSAT-2 (Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite-2) / Ibuki-2". eoPortal. Retrieved1 May 2021.
^温室効果ガス・水循環観測技術衛星（GOSAT-GW）の打上げ時刻および打上げ時間帯 (in Japanese). JAXA. 27 June 2025. Retrieved27 June 2025.
^"GOSAT-GW" (in Japanese). JAXA. Retrieved22 November 2023.
^H2Aロケット最後の打ち上げ人工衛星開発遅れ来年度に延期へ (in Japanese). NHK. 9 December 2024. Archived fromthe original on 9 December 2024. Retrieved10 December 2024.

External links

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Japanese space program

Italics indicates projects in development.
Symbol^† indicates failed projects.
~~Strikethrough lines~~ indicate cancelled projects.

Space agencies

National space agencies	JAXA formerISAS NAL NASDA NICT JSS
Joint development partners	United StatesNASA¹ ESA² ItalyASI³ CanadaCSA⁴ RussiaRoscosmos⁵ BrazilAEB⁶ INPE⁷ IndiaISRO⁸

Astronomical observation

Past	Akari ASCA ASTRO-E^† ~~Astro-G~~ CORSA^† Ginga Hakucho HALCA Hinotori Hisaki Hitomi^† ~~SPICA~~ Suzaku Tenma Yohkoh
Active	Hinode XRISM¹
Future	ATHENA² Solar-C¹ GREX-PLUS [ja] HiZ-GUNDAM [ja] LAPYUTA LiteBIRD Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope¹ JASMINE

Communications satellites,broadcasting satellites andsatellite navigation systems

Past	BS 2X 3H 3N Kakehashi Kirari Kizuna Kodama MBSat N-STAR a b Sakura (1 2a 2b 3a 3b) Yuri 1 2a 2b 3a 3b
Active	Kirameki 1 2 3 Michibiki 1 2 3 4 6 1R MTSAT N-STAR c d JDRS
Future	QZS 5 7

Earth observation

Past	Akebono Daichi 1 3^† Denpa Fuyo-1 Jikiken Kyokko Midori I II Momo 1 1b Ohozora Taiyo TRMM¹ Ume 1 b Geotail¹
Active	Aqua^1,7 Arase ASNARO 1 2 Daichi 2 4 EarthCARE² GPM¹ Himawari Ibuki original 2 Shikisai Shizuku GOSAT-GW
Future	PMM

Engineering tests

Past	Ayame 1 2 DASH EXPRESS IKAROS Jindai Kiku 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 LDREX 1 2 LRE Micro LabSat-1 Myojo Ohsumi Orizuru RAISE 2 3^† ~~PETSAT~~ RAPIS-1 Ryusei SERVIS-1 SERVIS-2 SDS-1 SDS-4 SFU Shinsei ~~SmartSat-1~~ Tansei 1 2 3 4 Tasuki Tsubame Tsubasa USERS
Active	Ajisai Reimei
Future	BEAK ETS-IX G-SATELLITE SERVIS-3

Human spaceflight

Past	~~Fuji crewed spacecraft~~ ~~HOPE-X~~ H-II Transfer Vehicle
Active	International Space Station (ISS) &Japanese Experiment Module (Kibō)^1,2,3,4,5,6 HTV-X
Future	Japanese Space Station Module (Mitsui) Lunar Gateway^1,2,4

Space probes

The Moon

Past	Hakuto-R Mission 1^† Hiten ~~Lunar-A~~ Kaguya (SELENE) OMOTENASHI^† ~~SELENE-2~~ Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM) Hakuto-R Mission 2^† EQUULEUS Yaoki
Future	~~HERACLES~~^2,4 Lunar Cruiser Lunar Polar Exploration Mission⁸ (LUPEX)

Others

Past	Akatsuki Hayabusa ~~Hayabusa Mk2~~ Nozomi^† PROCYON^† Sakigake Shin'en^† Suisei
Active	BepiColombo (MMO/Mio)² Hayabusa2 Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer² Hera²
Future	Comet Interceptor² DESTINY+ Dragonfly¹ MELOS Martian Moons eXploration Next Generation Small-Body Sample Return TEREX

Reconnaissance satellites

Past	IGS-Optical 1 2 Experimentally 3 IGS-Radar 1 2
Active	IGS-Optical 3 4 5 6 Experimentally 5 IGS-Radar 3 4 Spare 5 6
Future	IGS-Optical 7 8 IGS-Radar 7 8

Privatesmall satellites

Past	CosMoz CUTE 1.7+APD Fuji 1 2 Hayato HIBARI HIT-SAT Kagayaki Kanta-kun (WEOS) Kūkai Maido-1 Negai☆″ Niwaka RAIKO Waseda-SAT2 WE WISH
Active	CUTE 1 1.7+APDII Fuji-3 Hitomi Hodoyoshi 1 2 3 4 Horyu 2 Kiseki PROITERES Raijin Raijin-2 SEEDS SOCRATES XI IV V
Future	DRUMS KITSUNE OPUSAT-II QSAT-EOS RSP-01 SOMESAT SpaceTuna1 SPROUT TSUBAME WNI satellite

v t e ← 2017 Orbital launches in2018 2019 →
January	USA-280 / Zuma BeiDou-3 M7,BeiDou-3 M8 Cartosat-2F,ICEYE-X1,Microsat-TD,Arkyd-6A,Carbonite-2,Flock-3p' × 4,Fox-1D,Landmapper BC 3 v2,Lemur-2 × 4,PicSat,SpaceBEE × 4 USA-281 /Topaz-5 Jilin-1 Video-07,Jilin-1 Video-08,Kepler 0 KIPP USA-282 /SBIRS-GEO-4 Humanity Star,Dove Pioneer,Lemur-2 × 2 Yaogan 30-04 (3 satellites) SES-14,Al Yah 3 GovSat-1 / SES-16
February	Kanopus-V No. 3, No. 4,S-Net × 4 ,Lemur-2 × 4 CSES,ÑuSat 4, 5 TRICOM-1R Falcon Heavy test flight (Tesla Roadster) BeiDou-3M3, M4 Progress MS-08 Paz,Tintin A & B IGS-Optical 6
March	GOES-17 Hispasat 30W-6 O3b × 4 (FM13 to FM16) Soyuz MS-08 GSAT-6A EMKA / Kosmos 2525 BeiDou-3M9, M10 Iridium NEXT 41–50 Gaofen-1-02, 03, 04
April	Dragon CRS-14,1KUNS-PF,Irazú,UBAKUSAT Superbird-B3,HYLAS-4 Yaogan 31A, 31B, 31C,Weina 1B IRNSS-1I AFSPC-11,EAGLE Blagovest-12L / Kosmos 2526 TESS Sentinel-3B Zhuhai-1 × 5
May	Apstar 6C InSight,MarCO A,MarCO B Gaofen 5 Bangabandhu-1 Chang'e 4 Relay,Longjiang 1,Longjiang 2 Cygnus CRS OA-9E (EnduroSat One,EQUiSat,Lemur-2 × 4,RaInCube) Iridium NEXT 51–55,GRACE-FO 1,GRACE-FO 2
June	Gaofen-6 SES-12 Fengyun-2H Soyuz MS-09 IGS-Radar 6 GLONASS-M 756 /Kosmos 2527 XJSS A, B Dragon CRS-15 (Biarri-Squad × 3,BHUTAN-1,Maya-1,UiTMSAT-1)
July	PRSS-1,PakTES-1A BeiDou IGSO-7 Progress MS-09 Telstar 19V Galileo FOC 19–22 Iridium NEXT 56–65 BeiDou-3M5, M6 Gaofen 11
August	Telkom-4 / Merah Putih Parker Solar Probe ADM-Aeolus BeiDou-3 M11,BeiDou-3 M12
September	HY-1C Telstar 18V ICESat-2 —SSTL S1-4,NovaSAR-1 BeiDou-3M13, M14 Kounotori 7 Azerspace-2 /Intelsat 38,Horizons-3e CentiSpace-1-S1
October	SAOCOM 1A Yaogan 32A, 32B Soyuz MS-10 BeiDou-3M15, M16 AEHF-4 BepiColombo HY 2B Lotos-S1 No. 3 / Kosmos 2528 Weilai-1 CFOSAT GOSAT-2,KhalifaSat,Diwata-2B,Stars-AO, AUTcube2
November	BeiDou-3 G1Q Kosmos 2529 /GLONASS-M 757 MetOp-C IRVINE01,Lemur-2 × 2 GSAT-29 Es'hail 2 Progress MS-10 Cygnus NG-10 BeiDou-3 M17,BeiDou-3 M18 Shiyan 6-01 Mohammed VI-B HySIS,Blacksky Global 1,FACSAT-1,Flock-3r × 16,Kepler 1CASE,Lemur-2 × 4 Kosmos 2530 /Strela-3M 16,Kosmos 2531 /Strela-3M 17,Kosmos 2532 /Strela-3M 18
December	Soyuz MS-11 SHERPA,Blacksky Global 2,Capella 1,ESEO,Eu:CROPIS,FalconSAT 6,ICEYE X2,SkySat 14,SkySat 15,STPSat 5,ENOCH,Flock-3s × 3,IRVINE02,Landmapper BC 4,MinXSS-2,Orbital Reflector,PW-Sat 2,SpaceBEE × 3 GSAT-11,Chollian-2A SpaceX CRS-16 (TechEdSat 8,UNITE) Chang'e 4 (Yutu-2) CubeSail,RSat-P,STF-1 GSAT-7A CSO-1 Kosmos 2533 /Blagovest-13L USA-289 /GPS IIIA-01 Kanopus-V No. 5, No. 6,Flock-3k × 12,Lemur-2 × 8,Lume-1 Yunhai-2 01 (6 satellites)
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ). Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).

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