| GM Delta platform | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | General Motors |
| Production | 2002–present |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Compact (C) |
| Body styles | 2-doorcoupe 2-doorconvertible 3-doorhatchback 4-doorsedan 4-doorSUV 5-doorhatchback |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | GM J platform GM R platform GM T platform GM Z platform |
| Successor | For Opel & Vauxhall: PSA EMP2 platform For GM: GM VSS-F |
Delta is aGeneral Motorscompactfront-wheel-driveautomobile andcrossover SUVplatform, originally developed byOpel Group. It was a successor to theOpelT platform; it also replacedJ platform and theZ platform used by theSaturn S-Series. The platform debuted in the 2003Saturn Ion. Vehicles of this platform generally carry the letter "A" in the fourth character of theirVINs.
Delta generally uses anindependent suspension on the front andtwist-beam type on the rear. TheEcotec engine is widely used, as are 4- and 6-speedautomatic and 5-speedmanual transmissions.
Former vehicles based on this platform:
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Delta II wasGeneral Motors' globalcompact carplatform, developed by Opel in Germany. It was the successor to the GM Delta platform. Internally, it is simply known as a newGlobal Compact Vehicle Architecture or GCV.
The platform features a torsion beam (marketed ascompound crank) rear suspension with optionalWatt's linkage which improves vehicle handling; such configuration is used with the Opel Astra, Buick Verano, Cadillac ELR, Opel Cascada, and higher trim-levels of the American-market Chevrolet Cruze.
This suspension is usually described as semi-independent, meaning that the two wheels can move relative to each other, but their motion is still somewhat inter-linked, to a greater extent than in a true independent rear suspension (IRS). This can mildly compromise the handling and ride quality of the vehicle. For this reason, some manufacturers have changed to different linkage designs. As an example,Volkswagen dropped the torsion beam in favour of a true IRS for theVolkswagen Golf Mk5, possibly in response to theFord Focus's Control Blade rear suspension.
As noted, certain GM brands and models have continued to use the suspension setup, known variously as twist beam,torsion beam, or compound crank suspension. This is at a cost saving of €100 per car compared to multi-link rear suspension.[1] The version used on the 2009–2015Opel Astra and the 2011–2016Buick Verano uses aWatt's linkage at a cost of €20 to address the drawbacks and provide a competitive and cost-effective rear suspension.[1] TheRenault Mégane andCitroen C4 also have stayed with the twist beam.[2] The twist beam has been shown to suffer less from bushing wear than a fully independent multi-link suspension, thus resulting in a virtually maintenance-free rear suspension.
GM chose this compact vehicle architecture for its firstVoltec application, theChevrolet Volt. Production began in November 2010 with the first examples delivered to retail customers in December 2010.[3]
Production vehicles based on Delta II platform:
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General Motors introduced its new global platform named D2XX flexible platform in August 2012. The new platform was mainly engineered by GM's former German subsidiaryOpel inRüsselsheim.[7] According to GM, the company invested US$220 million for the all-new D2XX platform.[citation needed]
The platform was developed for compact vehicle architecture, replacing both Delta II and the midsize crossoverGM Theta platform.[8]
Vehicles that use the new platform included:
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In 2015,Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center (PATAC), GM's joint development center withSAIC, revealed their own simplified variant of D2XX, known as the "GM-PATAC K" platform (rather than "K" so as to distinguish it from the formerGM K platforms).[10] The following vehicles use this variant of the platform, none of which are sold in the United States:
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