| Great Central Railway 9K class London & North Eastern Railway C13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 LNER 7413 atChester Northgate locomotive depot in 1947 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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TheGreat Central Railway9K and9L classes were two related classes of4-4-2T Atlanticsteam locomotives. They were both intended for suburban passenger services. After the1923 Grouping, they served theLNER as classesC13 andC14.
Their designer wasJohn G. Robinson. The design was based on the earlierPollittClass 9G2-4-2T locomotives,[1] but with a lengthened boiler and a leadingbogie to carry it.[2] This extension of running gear also resembled an early Robinson design for the IrishWaterford, Limerick and Western Railway.[2]
All passed intoBritish Railways service and the first was not withdrawn until 1952. Most were withdrawn between 1955 and 1959. The last examples of each class, 9K 67417 and 9L 67450, were scrapped in 1960.[3] None were preserved.[3]
Forty locomotives were built to the9K class, in four batches between 1903 and 1905.[2]
The GCR installedwater troughs around the same time as this class was built. They were fitted with water scoops, but these were little used by the 1930s and so were removed.[2]
In 1933, six locomotives were fitted forpush-pull working, according to the GCR mechanical system. These were converted to the LNER vacuum system and in 1941, two others were converted.[2]
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One example, No. 18 was experimentallysuperheated in 1915. From 1926 to 1935 the entire class was superheated.[3] During this time, the originalsaturated locomotives were classified as C13/1 and the superheated rebuilds as C13/2. Some locomotives were rebuilt further as C13/3, with shortened chimneys anddomes to fit within the LNERloading gauge.[note 1] By 1938, all locomotives had been rebuilt to the C13/3 standard and so the distinguishing sub-classes were abandoned.[2]
The 9K class was built for the London suburban services, running from the GCR'sMarylebone terminus.
Within a few years, the timing of these suburban trains was facing competition from electric services. Competing with these required faster acceleration and the more powerful4-6-2TClass 9N was introduced.[2]
From 1922 they were dispersed away from London through the GCR network, to South Yorkshire between Manchester, Sheffield andMexborough. Most notably, many of them went toWrexham where they were based successfully until the 1950s. The South Yorkshire engines gradually moved to Gorton locomotive shed, from where they were used on Manchester suburban services, and destinations as far asHayfield andMacclesfield, later joined by the 9Ls, until they were both replaced byDMUs afterpost-1955dieselisation.[2]
All passed intoBritish Railways service and survived until at least 1952. but were withdrawn between 1955 and 1959. The last No 67417 was scrapped in 1960.[3] None were preserved.
The class was successful throughout its working life and is considered to be one of Robinson's best designs.[2]
| Great Central Railway 9L class London & North Eastern Railway C14 | |||||||||||||
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 LNER 7451 atArdsley locomotive depot in 1947 | |||||||||||||
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A further twelve locomotives were built byBeyer, Peacock & Co. in 1907.[4] These were of basically the same design, but had enlarged water and coal capacity. They were designated9L by the GCR and laterC14 by the LNER.
The side tanks were enlarged for an extra 375 gallons, by widening their side plates. Overall width across the tanks increased from 8' 6" to 8' 9". This gives rise to a visible recognition feature in photographs: the 9K have tank and cab sides in a flat plane, the 9L tank sides project slightly.[4]
Coal capacity was also increased by raising the rear wall of the bunker with a semicircular extension.[4]
The boilers were the same as for the 9K. All were built with saturated boilers and, as for the 9Ks, were rebuilt with superheating as their boilers were replaced. The first to be superheated was Nº 1122 in 1914, although this was not a new boiler and only lasted until 1923 when it was replaced by a saturated boiler. All were converted under LNER ownership, from 1926 to 1935.[4] Water pick-up gear and shortened chimneys to fit the LNER loading gauge were removed and changed as for the 9K class.[4]
The 9L class was built for the London suburban services fromMarylebone and they were based atNeasden shed.
With the introduction of theClass 9Ns, the 9Ls were moved to stopping services on theGreat Central Main Line and by 1922 they were based aroundNottingham, with one of the twelve stabled atWoodford and some occasional allocations toHitchin andHatfield.[4]
From 1934, they were dispersed, some to East Anglia and others to the West Riding and Manchester. AfterNationalisation, they were once again working suburban passenger services with the 9Ks, out of Manchester.[4]
Nearly all were scrapped in 1957, following the introduction of DMUs for the suburban services. The last Nº 67450 survived until 1960.[3] None were preserved.