Blazar in the constellation Draco
GB 1508+5714 is an extremely distantblazar [ 1] constellation ofDraco . It has aredshift of (z) 4.30[ 2] [ 3] [ 4] quasar , first discovered in 1995 byastronomers .[ 5] radio spectrum of the source appears as flat, making it a flat-spectrum source but also a brightX-ray source.[ 6] [ 7]
GB 1508+5714 is variable on theelectromagnetic spectrum . It is known to emit a powerfulgamma-ray flare in February 2022, detected by theFermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope , between the 0.1-300GeV range but its flux is 25 times more brighter.[ 8] [ 6] [ 9] optical flares that was shown on both r andi bands when shown bylight curves taken fromZwicky Transient Facility .[ 10] timescales .[ 11]
Radio imaging byLow-Frequency Array (LOFAR) onarcsecond scales, shows the source of GB 1508+5714 is mainly made up of a compact radio core with a flatspectral index of 0.02 ± 0.01 and two emission regions located both west and east directions of the core.[ 1] Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), shows the source to be a core-jet structure instead with the core located northeast and ajet component located in southwest direction, with the southernmost faint feature being identified as aradio lobe .[ 9]
An X-ray jet was discovered byChandra X-ray Observatory in 2003 with flux andluminosity values measured as 9.2 x 10−15 erg cm−2 s−1 and 1.6 x 1045 erg s−1 respectively.[ 12] [ 13] [ 14] kiloparsecs [ 14] X-ray emission peaking by 2 arcseconds as it reaches southwest from the core. This emission is possibly caused due to relativisticjet particles andcosmic microwave background photons interacting with each other.[ 13]
^a b Kappes, A.; Burd, P. R.; Kadler, M.; Ghisellini, G.; Bonnassieux, E.; Perucho, M.; Brüggen, M.; Cheung, C. C.; Ciardi, B.; Gallo, E.; Haardt, F.; Morabito, L. K.; Sbarrato, T.; Drabent, A.; Harwood, J. (2022-07-01)."Subarcsecond view on the high-redshift blazar GB 1508+5714 by the International LOFAR Telescope" .Astronomy & Astrophysics .663 : A44.arXiv :2205.11288 Bibcode :2022A&A...663A..44K .doi :10.1051/0004-6361/202141720 .ISSN 0004-6361 . ^ Hook, I. M.; McMahon, R. G.; Patnaik, A. R.; Browne, I. W. A.; Wilkinson, P. N.; Irwin, M. J.; Hazard, C. (1995-04-01)."GB 1508+5714 : a radio-loud quasar with Z = 4.30 and the space density of high-redshift, radio-loud quasars" .Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society .273 :L63 – L67 .arXiv :astro-ph/9502071 Bibcode :1995MNRAS.273L..63H .doi :10.1093/mnras/273.1.L63 ISSN 0035-8711 . ^ Frey, S.; Gurvits, L. I.; Kellermann, K. I.; Schilizzi, R. T.; Pauliny-Toth, I. I. K. (1997-09-01)."High resolution radio imaging of the extremely distant quasars 1251-407, 1351-018, 1354-174 and 1508+572" .Astronomy and Astrophysics .325 :511– 515.Bibcode :1997A&A...325..511F .ISSN 0004-6361 . ^ Titov, Oleg; Frey, Sándor; Melnikov, Alexey; Shu, Fengchun; Xia, Bo; González, Javier; Tercero, Belén; Gurvits, Leonid; de Witt, Aletha; McCallum, Jamie; Kharinov, Mikhail; Zimovsky, Vladimir; Krezinger, Máté (2023-01-24)."Astrometric Apparent Motion of High-redshift Radio Sources" .The Astronomical Journal .165 (2): 69.arXiv :2302.12957 Bibcode :2023AJ....165...69T .doi :10.3847/1538-3881/aca964 ISSN 0004-6256 . ^ Hook, I. M.; McMahon, R. G.; Patnaik, A. R.; Browne, I. W. A.; Wilkinson, P. N.; Irwin, M. J.; Hazard, C. (1995-04-01)."GB 1508+5714 : a radio-loud quasar with Z = 4.30 and the space density of high-redshift, radio-loud quasars" .Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society .273 :L63 – L67 .arXiv :astro-ph/9502071 Bibcode :1995MNRAS.273L..63H .doi :10.1093/mnras/273.1.L63 ISSN 0035-8711 . ^a b Gokus, A.; Kreter, M.; Kadler, M.; McBride, F.; Buson, S.; Ojha, R.; Ros, E.; Sinapius, J.; Boettcher, M.; Hodgson, J.; Wilms, J.; Fermi LAT Collaboration (2022-02-01)."Gamma-ray flare of high-redshift blazar GB 1508+5714 detected by Fermi/LAT" .The Astronomer's Telegram .15202 : 1.Bibcode :2022ATel15202....1G . ^ Moran, Edward C.; Helfand, David J. (1997-08-01)."The 3–53 keV Spectrum of the Quasar 1508+5714: X-Rays from z = 4.3" .The Astrophysical Journal .484 (2):L95 – L98 .arXiv :astro-ph/9705141 Bibcode :1997ApJ...484L..95M .doi :10.1086/310787 .ISSN 0004-637X . ^ Nesci, Roberto (2022-02-01)."Optical follow-up of GB 1508+5714" .The Astronomer's Telegram .15203 : 1.Bibcode :2022ATel15203....1N . ^a b Benke, P.; Gokus, A.; Lisakov, M.; Gurvits, L. I.; Eppel, F.; Heßdörfer, J.; Kadler, M.; Kovalev, Y. Y.; Ros, E. (2024-08-12), "Very-long-baseline interferometry study of the flaring blazar TXS 1508+572 in the early Universe",Astronomy & Astrophysics ,689 : A43,arXiv :2406.03135 Bibcode :2024A&A...689A..43B ,doi :10.1051/0004-6361/202450153 ^ Liao, Neng-Hui; Li, Shang; Sheng, Zhen-Feng; Fan, Yi-Zhong (August 2020)."Detections of Simultaneous Brightening of γ-Ray and Optical Emissions of a Distant Blazar GB 1508+5714 at Redshift 4.3" .The Astrophysical Journal Letters .898 (2): L56.arXiv :2005.04844 Bibcode :2020ApJ...898L..56L .doi :10.3847/2041-8213/aba82e ISSN 2041-8205 . ^ Gokus, Andrea; Böttcher, Markus; Errando, Manel; Kreter, Michael; Heßdörfer, Jonas; Eppel, Florian; Kadler, Matthias; Smith, Paul S.; Benke, Petra; Gurvits, Leonid I.; Kraus, Alex; Lisakov, Mikhail; McBride, Felicia; Ros, Eduardo; Rösch, Florian (October 2024)."A Gamma-Ray Flare from TXS 1508+572: Characterizing the Jet of a z = 4.31 Blazar in the Early Universe" .The Astrophysical Journal .974 (1): 38.arXiv :2406.07635 Bibcode :2024ApJ...974...38G .doi :10.3847/1538-4357/ad6a4e ISSN 0004-637X . ^ O’Sullivan, S. P.; Gabuzda, D. C.; Gurvits, L. I. (2011-06-13)."Multifrequency polarization properties of 10 quasars on decaparsec scales at z > 3" .Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society .415 (4):3049– 3064.arXiv :1202.2193 Bibcode :2011MNRAS.415.3049O .doi :10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18915.x ISSN 0035-8711 . ^a b Siemiginowska, Aneta; Smith, Randall K.; Aldcroft, Thomas L.; Schwartz, D. A.; Paerels, Frederic; Petric, Andreea O. (2003-10-31)."An X-Ray Jet Discovered byChandra in thez =4.3 Radio-selected Quasar GB 1508+5714" .The Astrophysical Journal .598 (1):L15 – L18 .arXiv :astro-ph/0310241 Bibcode :2003ApJ...598L..15S .doi :10.1086/380497 .ISSN 0004-637X . ^a b Yuan, W.; Fabian, A. C.; Celotti, A.; Jonker, P. G. (2003-11-01)."Extended X-ray emission in the high-redshift quasar GB 1508+5714 at z= 4.3" .Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society .346 (1):L7 – L10 .arXiv :astro-ph/0309318 Bibcode :2003MNRAS.346L...7Y .doi :10.1046/j.1365-2966.2003.07234.x .ISSN 0035-8711 .
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