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| Fu'an | |
|---|---|
| Native to | SouthernChina |
| Region | Ningde,Fu'an,Shouning,Zhouning andZherong,Fujian province |
Early forms | |
| Chinese characters | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| ISO 639-6 | fuua |
| Glottolog | None |
| Linguasphere | 79-AAA-ibc |
TheFu'an dialect (福安話) is a dialect ofEastern Min, which is a branch ofMin Chinese spoken mainly in the eastern part ofFujian Province,China.
The Fu'an dialect covers two city and three counties:Ningde,Fu'an,Shouning,Zhouning andZherong County.
The Fu'an dialect has 18 initials, 50 rimes and 7 tones.
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | p | pʰ | t | tʰ | k | kʰ | ʔ | ||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||||||
| Fricative | (β) | (f) | θ | (ʒ) | (ç) | x | |||||
| Affricate | ts | tsʰ | |||||||||
| Lateral | l | ||||||||||
| Approximant | j | ɰ | |||||||||
| Open syllable | i | u | e | ɛ | ø | œ | o | ɔ | a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ui | ei | ɔi | ai | ||||||
| uai | |||||||||
| iu | eu | ɛu | ou | au | |||||
| iau | |||||||||
| Nasal coda | iŋ (in, im) | uŋ (un, um) | øŋ (øn, øm) | œŋ (œn, œm) | aŋ (an, am) | ||||
| ioŋ (ion, iom) | iaŋ (ian, iam) | ||||||||
| uaŋ (uan, uam) | |||||||||
| ɛŋ (ɛn, ɛm) | ouŋ (oun, oum) | ɔuŋ (ɔun, ɔum) | |||||||
| Glottal coda | iʔ | uʔ | øʔ | œʔ | oʔ | ɔʔ | aʔ | ||
| ioʔ | iaʔ | ||||||||
| uaʔ | |||||||||
| eiʔ | ɛiʔ | ouʔ | ɔuʔ | ||||||
| Nasal | m̝ | n̝ | ŋ̍ | hŋ̍ |
| No. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tone name | dark level 陰平 | light level 陽平 | rising 上聲 | dark departing 陰去 | light departing 陽去 | dark entering 陰入 | light entering 陽入 |
| Tone contour | ˧˧˨ 332 | ˨ 22 | ˦˨ 42 | ˧˥ 35 | ˨˧ 23 | ˥ 5 | ˨ 2 |
| The Coda of the Former Syllable | The initial assimilation of the Latter Syllable |
|---|---|
| Null coda |
|
| coda/-ŋ/ |
|
| coda/-k̚/ |
|
The two-syllable tonalsandhi rules are shown in the table below (the rows give the first syllable's original citation tone, while the columns give the citation tone of the second syllable). Shaded cells indicate that tones of both the first and second syllables undergo change.
| dark level 332 | light level 22 | rising 42 | dark departing 35 | light departing 23 | dark entering 5 | light entering 2 | |
| dark level 332 | 55 | 55 | 44 | 44 | |||
| light level 22 | 332 | 35+42 | 55 | 44 | 44 | ||
| rising 42 | 23+332 | 35+42 | 55 | 44 | 44 | ||
| dark departing 35 | 55 | 55 | 44 | 44 | |||
| light departing 23 | 55 | 55 | 44 | 44 | |||
| dark entering 5 | 55 | 55 | 44 | 44 | |||
| light entering 2 | 35+5 | 55 | 44 | 44 |
Sino-Tibetan branches | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WesternHimalayas (Himachal, Uttarakhand,Nepal,Sikkim) |
|  | |||
| EasternHimalayas (Tibet,Bhutan,Arunachal) | |||||
| Myanmar and Indo- Burmese border |
| ||||
| East andSoutheast Asia |
| ||||
| Dubious (possible isolates,Arunachal) |
| ||||
| Proposed groupings | |||||
| Proto-languages | |||||
Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches. | |||||
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