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Frostbite (game engine)

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Game engine developed by DICE

Frostbite
Gameplay ofBattlefield 1, which runs on Frostbite 3
Original author	DICE
Developer	Electronic Arts
Initial release	June 2008; 17 years ago (2008-06)
Written in	C++,C#
Platform	Microsoft Windows PlayStation 3 PlayStation 4 PlayStation 5 Xbox 360 Xbox One Xbox Series X/S Nintendo Switch Nintendo Switch 2 Stadia Luna
License	Proprietary
Website	www.frostbite.com

Frostbite is agame engine developed byDICE and used by multipleElectronic Arts studios.^[1]^[2] It was first released in 2008 for use inBattlefield: Bad Company, and has since expanded to many otherfirst-person shooter video games and a variety of other genres.^[3]

Titles running on the engine are released onmultiple platforms, includingMicrosoft Windows, theeighth generation game consolesPlayStation 4,Xbox One andNintendo Switch, theninth generation game consolesPlayStation 5,Xbox Series X/S andNintendo Switch 2, and the cloud streaming serviceAmazon Luna. Previously, Frostbite titles were released on theseventh generation game consolesPlayStation 3 andXbox 360, in addition to the now defunct cloud streaming serviceGoogle Stadia.

History

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Frostbite 1 and 1.5

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Destruction inBattlefield: Bad Company on Frostbite 1

The first iteration of the Frostbite game engine made its debut in the 2008 video gameBattlefield: Bad Company.^[4] The engine was developed with anHDR Audio and Destruction 1.0. HDR Audio allowed differing sound levels to be perceived by the player whilst Destruction 1.0 allowed players to destroy the environment.^[5] A newer version of Frostbite would later be employed inBattlefield 1943 (2009) andBattlefield: Bad Company 2 (2010), which would come to be known as Frostbite 1.5.^[6]^[7] In the upgraded game engine, it was now possible for players to cause enough destruction to entirely demolish structures.^[8] This version was also employed in the multiplayer aspect ofMedal of Honor (2010), becoming the first video game outside of theBattlefield series to run on Frostbite.^[9]

Frostbite 2

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On 25 October 2011, Frostbite 2 made its debut inBattlefield 3.^[10]^[11] Frostbite 2 has upgrades such as deferred rendering and real-time radiosity^[12]^[13] and Destruction 3.0, which made falling debris potentially lethal to the player. Further changes to the engine included the addition ofsuppressive fire and disabling vehicles before destroying them.^[8]^[14] For the first time in a game that was not a shooter nor developed by DICE, Frostbite was brought to theNeed for Speed series with 2011'sNeed for Speed: The Run, which was released on 15 November.^[15] It took a year forEA Black Box, the developer ofNeed for Speed: The Run, to re-purpose the game engine for driving instead of shooting.^[16] On 21 May 2012, DICE rendering architect Johan Andersson said that futurepersonal computer video games running on Frostbite would have to be played on64-bit operating systems.^[17] On 23 October,Medal of Honor: Warfighter became the first game of its series to feature Frostbite in both single and multiplayer.^[18]^[19] On 26 March 2013,Army of Two: The Devil's Cartel became the firstthird-person shooter and last video game to employ Frostbite 2.^[20]

Frostbite 3

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In March 2013,Battlefield executive producer Patrick Bach announced that Frostbite 3 would not support theWii U, saying that "the Wii U is not a part of our focus right now."^[21] The third generation of Frostbite made its debut inBattlefield 4 on 29 October.^[22] In the updated engine, the environments became much more dynamic upon the actions of the players and Destruction 4.0, which was known asLevolution inBattlefield 4.^[23]^[24] On one map ofBattlefield 4, it was possible for players to destroy a dam, causing the entire map to be flooded by water.^[8] On 13 November in San Jose, DICE's Frostbite engine technical director Johan Andersson announced that future Frostbite games and an updated version ofBattlefield 4 would be powered byMantle,^[25]^[26]^[27] a low-overhead rendering API co-developed byAMD and DICE.^[28]^[29]^[30] However, due to lack of interest and support, Mantle was phased out, with 2015'sBattlefield Hardline being the last game to implement it.^[31] On 15 November,Need for Speed Rivals became the second game of itsseries to use the game engine and the first since the upgrade to Frostbite 3.^[32]^[33] A game in theCommand & Conquer series, provisionally titledCommand & Conquer: Generals 2, underwent development challenges; originally developed as a sequel to the2003 title, the game underwent numerous changes and would be cancelled in 2013 following fan outcry over the multiplayer-oriented experience. Similarly,Shadow Realms, aBioWare title, met a similar fate, being cancelled due to the developers choosing to shift their focus to future titles, includingMass Effect: Andromeda.

First released on 25 February 2014,Plants vs. Zombies: Garden Warfare became the first game in thePlants vs. Zombies series to run on Frostbite.^[34]^[35] On 18 November, the game engine made its debut in theaction role-playing genre of video games withDragon Age: Inquisition.^[36] On 17 March 2015,Battlefield Hardline became the second game of its series to run on Frostbite 3, and the last to release on PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360.^[37] In November,Need for Speed^[38] andStar Wars Battlefront^[39]^[40] were both released under Frostbite, the 2016Rogue One X-Wing VR Mission expansion for the latter game exclusive to thePlayStation VR and being the first VR title to use the engine.^[41] On 23 February 2016,Plants vs. Zombies: Garden Warfare 2 was released, being developed with the game engine.^[42]^[43]^[44] On 7 June,Mirror's Edge Catalyst became the firstaction-adventure game to run on Frostbite.^[45]^[46]^[47] On 21 October,Battlefield 1 became the third title of its series to be released under the third generation of the game engine.^[48]^[49]

On 21 March 2017,Mass Effect: Andromeda was released on Frostbite.^[50] On 10 November,Need for Speed Payback was released, running on the game engine;^[51] a week later on November 17,Star Wars Battlefront II was the last game of 2017 to be released on Frostbite.^[52]^[53] 2018'sBattlefield V runs on the Frostbite 3 engine.^[54] In 2019,Anthem,Plants vs. Zombies: Battle for Neighborville, andNeed for Speed Heat were all released running Frostbite.

In 2020,Star Wars: Squadrons became the second VR-compatible game to run on Frostbite, with the PC version of the game bringing VR support on PC to the engine (following its use un the aforementionedRogue One X-Wing VR Mission expansion). On Xbox Series X and S, the game received support for high frame rates and 4K resolution, alongside visual improvements.^[55]^[56] In February 2021, aNintendo Switch version ofPlants vs. Zombies: Battle for Neighborville was announced, marking the first Frostbite title on a Nintendo console.^[57]^[58]

Frostbite (2021–present)

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In November 2021,Battlefield 2042 was released for PC, PlayStation 4, Xbox One,Xbox Series X/S, andPlayStation 5, using a new version of Frostbite rebranded simply as "Frostbite".^[59] The new engine version, developed specifically for2042, took 18 months of development time.^[60]^[61]^[62]^[63] In October 2022,Need for Speed Unbound was announced to be using the Frostbite engine, marking developerCriterion Games' first game using the engine.^[64]^[65] The game was released on 2 December 2022 utilizing theBattlefield 2042 version of Frostbite. The release ofUnbound also marked a shift to dropping support for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on mainline EA titles, excluding most EA Sports titles.

The 2023 remake ofDead Space also utilizes Frostbite.^[66]^[67] In December 2023, a new logo for the engine was unveiled, and Electronic Arts announced it would retract its original strategy of developing every game under its label in Frostbite.^[68]^[69]Dragon Age: The Veilguard, which uses another version of Frostbite, was released in 2024.^[70]

The studio head of Ridgeline Games, Marcus Lehto, confirmed that the next installment of theBattlefield franchise will be developed on an upgraded version of Frostbite.^[71] This installment was later revealed to beBattlefield 6.^[72] A majority of Frostbite was rebuilt for the game, which introduced enhancements including a new movement system called the "Kinesthetic Combat System".^[73] The engine's environmental destruction system was also revamped.^[74]Battlefield 6 shipped on October 10, 2025, with a free-to-play battle royale mode which released on October 28, 2025 with optimizations for the Xbox Series S, which applied to the entire game.^[75]

The reboot ofSkate shipped on Frostbite,^[76] which marks the engine's first appearance onmacOS and mobile platforms. Despite the company shifting their focus to the current-generation consoles, PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X and S, the title was released on the previous-generation PlayStation 4 and Xbox One.^[77]

EA Sports titles

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Frostbite Labs

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In May 2016, EA announced it had formed Frostbite Labs, a dedicated research division focusing on the development of the Frostbite engine as well as its use in future technological innovations such asVR experiences, neural networks and machine learning.^[109]^[110]^[111] Frostbite Labs is composed of a team of 30 to 40 developers operating in two offices, one inStockholm,Sweden and the other inVancouver,Canada.^[112]^[113]

Modding

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TheFrosty Toolsuite is a set of community-developed tools designed tomodify the files of games running on the Frostbite engine. In 2019, another tool, titledFrostbite Modding Tool, began development.Star Wars Battlefront II,FIFA/EA FC,Mass Effect,Dragon Age,Dead Space, and theNeed for Speed titles all have healthy modding communities that use these tools to create mods.

In December 2025, Kyber, a community-madecustom server software for the Frostbite titleStar Wars Battlefront II, was released, becomingopen source the following month.^[114]

Criticism

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Frostbite is notorious for having well-publicized difficulties, including its complexity. This led to numerous reports of development issues surrounding Frostbite titles; a majority of these issues came with the engine's usage atBioWare, which has criticized the engine for its aforementioned complexity, which made adapting common elements found inrole-playing games to the engine rather difficult. Much of these criticisms stemmed from Electronic Arts pushing for the usage of Frostbite in as many titles as possible when developers were already familiarised with a certain game engine, like theEclipse Engine (forDragon Age);^[115] however, in 2023, Electronic Arts announced that developers were now able to develop games on any game engine.^[116] BioWare used an improved version of Frostbite forDragon Age: The Veilguard in 2024.^[70]

Issues revolving around development

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In 2014, Electronic Arts began pushing for the usage of Frostbite in many of their developers' titles.^[115] Refacilitating the engine for BioWare's 2014 title,Dragon Age: Inquisition, proved difficult for the developer; the title's executive producer, Mark Darrah, said about the engine that "...at launch we still didn't actually have all our tools working. We had our tools working enough." Prior to moving to Frostbite, theDragon Age series utilized theEclipse Engine. The move to Frostbite 3 resulted in BioWare cancelling a piece of downloadable content forDragon Age II;^[117] that game received a divided audience reception,^[118] with BioWare aiming to improve on the nextDragon Age game.^[119] Adding new features to the engine for use inInquisition proved difficult, as the engine was primarily used in first-person video games.^[115] However, issues initially faced by the development team were solved as BioWare and DICE started to cooperate better,^[115] and the engine allowed theInquisition art team to develop extensive worlds in a short time. However, with the release scheduled for late 2014, the team resorted to extensivecrunching.^[119]

WithVisceral Games being tapped to publish theStar Wars titleProject Ragtag, the company was occupied with the development ofBattlefield Hardline; after the latter game was released,Ragtag's development suffered from many setbacks, one of them being the usage of Frostbite and their difficulties adapting it to third-person shooters.^[120] By 2017,Ragtag was ultimately cancelled and Visceral shuttered, with resources being shifted over to the then-impending development of DICE'sStar Wars Battlefront II.

In 2017,Mass Effect: Andromeda suffered from multiple issues at launch due in part to the complexities of Frostbite and a troubled development.^[121]^[122]^[123]^[124] BioWare had previously faced these issues before during the aforementioned development ofDragon Age: Inquisition and would continue to do so during development ofAndromeda.^[115] In 2019, sources within BioWare claimed that Frostbite's complexity had also contributed to difficulties surroundingAnthem's development.^[125]^[126]^[127]^[115] Former BioWare general manager Aaryn Flynn acknowledged these issues in an interview in November 2019.^[128]^[129]^[130]

Due to being developed in 15 to 18 months, developers ofBattlefield 2042 from DICE had issues with Frostbite.^[131]^[132]

Security leak

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In June 2021, tools used in the development of Frostbite, a majority of them regarding development ofFIFA 21 including its source code, were leaked;^[133]^[134] the contents were released on August 2, 2021.^[135]^[136]

Games using Frostbite

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Title	Earliest release	Developer	Version	Platforms
Title	Earliest release	Developer	Version	Win	PS3	PS4	PS5	X360	XOne	XSeries	NS	NS2	Stadia	Luna
Anthem	22 February 2019	BioWare	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Army of Two: The Devil's Cartel	26 March 2013	Visceral Games	2.0	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No
Battlefield 1	21 October 2016	DICE	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Battlefield 3	25 October 2011	DICE	2.0	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No
Battlefield 4	29 October 2013	DICE	3.0	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Battlefield V	20 November 2018	DICE	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Battlefield 6	10 October 2025	DICE	4.0	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No
Battlefield 1943	8 July 2009	DICE	1.5	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No
Battlefield 2042	19 November 2021	DICE	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
Battlefield: Bad Company	23 June 2008	DICE	1.0	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No
Battlefield: Bad Company 2	2 March 2010	DICE	1.5	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No
Battlefield: Bad Company 2: Vietnam	18 December 2010	DICE	1.5	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No
Battlefield Hardline	21 March 2015	Visceral Games	3.0	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Command & Conquer	Cancelled	Victory Games	3.0	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Dead Space	27 January 2023	Motive Studios	3.0	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No
Dragon Age: Inquisition	18 November 2014	BioWare	3.0	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Dragon Age: The Veilguard	31 October 2024	BioWare	3.0	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No
EA Sports FC 24	29 September 2023	EA Vancouver	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
EA Sports FC 25	27 September 2024	EA Vancouver	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes
EA Sports FC 26	26 September 2025	EA Vancouver	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes
EA Sports College Football 25	19 July 2024	EA Orlando	3.0	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No
EA Sports College Football 26	10 July 2025	EA Orlando	3.0	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No
EA Sports PGA Tour	7 April 2023	EA Tiburon	3.0	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No
FIFA 17^[1]	27 September 2016	EA Vancouver	3.0	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
FIFA 18^[2]	29 September 2017	EA Vancouver	3.0	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
FIFA 19^[3]	28 September 2018	EA Vancouver	3.0	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
FIFA 20^[4]	24 September 2019	EA Vancouver	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
FIFA 21^[5]	9 October 2020	EA Vancouver	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No
FIFA 22^[6]	27 September 2021	EA Vancouver	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No
FIFA 23^[7]	30 September 2022	EA Vancouver	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No
Madden NFL 18	25 August 2017	EA Tiburon	3.0	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Madden NFL 19	9 August 2018	EA Tiburon	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Madden NFL 20	2 August 2019	EA Tiburon	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Madden NFL 21	28 August 2020	EA Tiburon	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No
Madden NFL 22	20 August 2021	EA Tiburon	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No
Madden NFL 23	19 August 2022	EA Tiburon	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
Madden NFL 24	18 August 2023	EA Tiburon	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
Madden NFL 25	16 August 2024	EA Tiburon	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
Madden NFL 26	14 August 2025	EA Tiburon	3.0	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	No
Mass Effect: Andromeda	21 March 2017	BioWare	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Medal of Honor (multiplayer)	12 October 2010	DICE	1.5	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No
Medal of Honor: Warfighter	23 October 2012	Danger Close Games	2.0	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No
Mirror's Edge Catalyst	7 June 2016	DICE	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Need for Speed	3 November 2015	Ghost Games	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Need for Speed Heat	8 November 2019	Ghost Games	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Need for Speed Payback	10 November 2017	Ghost Games	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Need for Speed Rivals	15 November 2013	Ghost Games andCriterion Games	3.0	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Need for Speed: Edge	10 December 2017	EA Spearhead	3.0	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Need for Speed: The Run	15 November 2011	EA Black Box	2.0	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No
Need for Speed Unbound	2 December 2022	Criterion Games	3.0	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	Yes
NHL 22	12 October 2021	EA Vancouver	3.0	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
NHL 23	14 October 2022	EA Vancouver	3.0	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
NHL 24	6 October 2023	EA Vancouver	3.0	No	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
NHL 25	4 October 2024	EA Vancouver	3.0	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No
Plants vs. Zombies: Battle for Neighborville	18 October 2019	PopCap Games	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No
Plants vs. Zombies: Garden Warfare	25 February 2014	PopCap Games	3.0	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Plants vs. Zombies: Garden Warfare 2	23 February 2016	PopCap Games	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Rory McIlroy PGA Tour	14 July 2015	EA Tiburon	3.0	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Shadow Realms	Cancelled	BioWare	3.0	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
skate.	15 September 2025	Full Circle	4.0	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
Star Wars Battlefront	17 November 2015	DICE	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Star Wars Battlefront II	17 November 2017	DICE	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	No
Star Wars: Squadrons	2 October 2020	Motive Studios	3.0	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No
EA Sports UFC 5	27 October 2023	EA Vancouver	3.0	No	No	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	No	No	No

Notes

[edit]

^ Excludes PlayStation 3, Xbox 360 (up to 2018'sFIFA 19) and Nintendo Switch "Legacy" editions

References

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External links

[edit]

Frostbite's official homepage
DICE's official homepage
Frostbite Rendering Architecture (slides) from Johan Andersson, Rendering Architect,DICE, 2009.
DICE Publications (archived)

Electronic Arts

Employees

Founder	Trip Hawkins
Current	Andrew Wilson (CEO) Laura Miele (COO) Vince Zampella (Executive VP)
Former	Steve Barcia Louis Castle Shelley Day Bing Gordon Jeff Green Ralph Guggenheim Amy Hennig Andy Hollis Robin Hunicke Greg Kasavin Don Mattrick Peter Moore Jade Raymond John Riccitiello Mark Skaggs Patrick Söderlund Will Wright Joe Ybarra Larry Probst

Studios

EA Entertainment	BioWare Criterion Games DICE EA Gothenburg EA Mobile Firemonkeys Studios Glu Mobile Maxis Motive Studio PopCap Games Respawn Entertainment
EA Sports	EA Orlando EA Vancouver Codemasters
Former	Bullfrog Productions Danger Close Games Distinctive Software DROsoft EA Black Box EA Bright Light EA Chicago EA Montreal EA Northwest EA Pacific EA Phenomic EA Salt Lake EA Seattle GameFly Hypnotix Industrial Toys Kesmai Kingsoft GmbH Mythic Entertainment NuFX Origin Systems Pandemic Studios PlayFirst Playfish PlayNation ThreeSF Slightly Mad Studios Visceral Games Westwood Studios

Franchises

EA Entertainment

EA Sports

Technology

Tools	Cut & Paste Deluxe Music Construction Set Deluxe Paint Deluxe Paint Animation Music Construction Set
Services	EA App EA Play Origin Pogo.com
Game engines	Ego Frostbite Ignite RenderWare

Category

Game engines (list)

Proprietary

1980s	Adventure Game Interpreter Cobra Filmation Freescape Gold Box Sierra Creative Interpreter SCUMM
1990s	3D GameStudio Clickteam Dark Engine GameMaker Genie Engine GoldSrc Infinity Engine Jedi LithTech Mugen Pie in the Sky Reality Lab RenderWare RPG Maker Sim RPG Maker Unreal Engine 1 Virtools Virtual Theatre Voxel Space Zillions of Games
2000s	Anvil C4 Engine CryEngine Crystal Tools Euphoria Flare3D Frostbite Gamebryo GameSalad HeroEngine IW Leadwerks Marmalade MT Framework PhyreEngine Q RAGE Shark 3D Source Unigine Unity Unreal Engine 2 Unreal Engine 3 Virtools 2.5 Vicious Engine Vision Visual3D Game Engine
2010s	4A Engine Amazon Lumberyard Bitsquid Buildbox Construct Creation Engine Decima Defold Felgo ForgeLight Fox Engine id Tech 5 id Tech 6 Ignite Katana Engine Luminous Engine Pixel Game Maker MV RE Engine Snowdrop Stencyl Source 2 UbiArt Framework Unreal Engine 4
2020s	id Tech 7 Unreal Engine 5 S&box

Free and
open-source

1970s	Z-machine
1990s	Adventure Game Studio Build Crystal Space Doom engine Game-Maker OHRRPGCE Quake engine Quake II engine Stratagus
2000s	Away3D Blender Game Engine Bork3D Game Engine Cocos2d Dim3 Game Editor GDevelop id Tech 3 id Tech 4 Irrlicht Engine jMonkeyEngine Lightweight Java Game Library Löve OGRE Open Wonderland Panda3D Papervision3D Plasma Platinum Arts Sandbox Pygame Ren'Py Scratch Solar2D Thousand Parsec Torque Vassal Engine Wintermute Engine
2010s	Delta3D Godot GPUOpen Horde3D libGDX Luanti Moai OpenFL ORX PlayCanvas Raylib Snap! Stencyl Stride
2020s	Open 3D Engine

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