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| French of France | |
|---|---|
| France French Metropolitan French Hexagonal French Standard French | |
| français de France français de métropole français métropolitain français hexagonal français standard | |
| Native to | France |
Indo-European
| |
Early forms | |
| Latin (French alphabet) French Braille | |
| Official status | |
| Regulated by | Académie française (French Academy) |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Linguasphere | 51-AAA-i |
| IETF | fr-FR |
French of France (French:français de France[fʁɑ̃sɛdəfʁɑ̃s]) is the predominantvariety of theFrench language inFrance,Andorra andMonaco, in itsformal and informal registers. It has, for a long time, been associated withStandard French. It is now seen as a variety of French alongsideAcadian French,Belgian French,Canadian/Quebec French,Swiss French, etc.[2]
In Paris, nasal vowels are no longer pronounced as in traditional Parisian French:/ɑ̃/ →[ɔ̃],/ɛ̃/ →[ɐ̃],/ɔ̃/ →[õ] and/œ̃/ →[ɐ̃][3]. Many distinctions are lost:/a/ and/ɑ/,/ɛ/ and/ɛː/,/ø/ and/ə/,/ɔ̃/ and/ɑ̃/,/ɛ̃/ and/œ̃/, and/nj/ and/ɲ/.
In the South of France, nasal vowels have not changed and are still pronounced as in traditional Parisian French:enfant[ɑ̃ˈfɑ̃],pain[pɛ̃],bon[bɔ̃] andbrun[bʁœ̃], but some speakers add a[ŋ] at the end. Many distinctions are lost. At the end of words, most speakers do not distinguish/e/ and/ɛ/: bothlivré andlivret are pronounced[liˈvʁe]. In closed syllables, they no longer distinguish/ɔ/ and/o/ or/œ/ and/ø/: bothnotre andnôtre are pronounced[nɔtʁ̥], and bothjeune andjeûne are pronounced[ʒœn]. The distinctions of/a/ and/ɑ/ and of/ɛ/ and/ɛː/ are lost. Older speakers pronounce alles:chaque[ˈʃakə] andvêtement[ˈvɛtəmɑ̃].
In the North, both/a/ and/ɑ/ are pronounced as[ɔ] at the end, withlà is pronounced[lɔ] andmât[mɔ]. InJura, the phoneme/ʁ/ is pronounced as auvular trill:rouge is pronounced[ʀuːʒ],rêve is pronounced[ʀeːv], phonemic long vowels are still maintained:pâte[pɑːt] andfête[feːt][4], etc. InBrittany andNord-Pas-de-Calais, phonemic long vowels are also maintained:neige[neːʒ] andtête[teːt][5].