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| Frederick | |
|---|---|
| Hereditary Prince of Denmark and Norway | |
.jpg) Portrait byJens Juel. | |
| Regent of Denmark-Norway | |
| Regency | 1772–1784 |
| Successor | Crown Prince Frederick |
| Monarch | Christian VII |
| Born | (1753-10-11)11 October 1753 Christiansborg Palace,Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Died | 7 December 1805(1805-12-07) (aged 52) Amalienborg Palace,Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Burial | |
| Spouse | |
| Issue | Christian VIII of Denmark Juliane Sophie, Landgravine of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld Louise Charlotte, Princess of Hesse-Kassel Ferdinand, Hereditary Prince of Denmark |
| House | Oldenburg |
| Father | Frederick V of Denmark |
| Mother | Juliana Maria of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |
| Religion | Lutheranism |
Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Denmark (Danish:Frederik; 11 October 1753 – 7 December 1805) washeir presumptive to the thrones of Denmark and Norway. He was the only surviving son ofKing Frederick V and his second wife,Juliana Maria of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel.
After the fall ofJohann Friedrich Struensee in 1772, Hereditary Prince Frederick was installed as regent, acting on behalf of his half-brother,King Christian VII, who was mentally unstable. After the coup of 1784, when the king's sonCrown Prince Frederick took power and regency, he was left without influence at the court.
Frederick was born atChristiansborg Palace in Copenhagen on 11 October 1753. To provide for his future position, at the age of 3 he was electedcoadjutor in thePrince-Bishopric of Lübeck. This meant that in time he would succeed thePrince-Bishop then in office,Frederick August. This plan had to be abandoned, however, and Frederick stayed in Denmark as a junior member of the royal family.
He marriedDuchess Sophia Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1758–1794) inCopenhagen on 21 October 1774. She was a daughter ofDuke Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin andPrincess Charlotte Sophie of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld.
His elder half-brother,King Christian VII, who had a severe mental illness (believed to have beenschizophrenia), and had been divorced from his wife,Caroline Matilda of Great Britain (who was then exiled), Prince Frederick was designated asregent of Denmark-Norway in 1772, when 18 years old. His regency was mostly nominal, the power being held by his mother, Queen Juliane Marie, and ministerOve Høegh-Guldberg.
He acted as regent until the coup of 1784, when his 16-year-old half-nephew Frederick (the futureKing Frederick VI), took power and regency.
After the coup, Frederick was left without much influence at the court. After Christiansborg Palace was destroyed by fire in 1794, Hereditary Prince Frederick moved with his family toAmalienborg Palace. Sophia Frederica died the same year, shortly after the move. Hereditary Prince Frederick outlived his wife by 11 years and died at Amalienborg Palace on 7 December 1805. Eventually, his sonChristian Frederick would succeed Frederick VI as king, first in Norway then in Denmark, and his granddaughterLouise of Hesse-Kassel married the futureChristian IX, making Frederick an ancestor of the currentFrederik X of Denmark.
Prince Frederick is an important character inNorah Lofts'historical novelThe Lost Queen (1969), chronicling the tragic marriage of King Christian VII and Queen Caroline Matilda. The book suggests that Frederick was himself in love with the Queen and jealous of her loverJohann Friedrich Struensee – which is not firmly attested in historical sources.
The generations are numbered from the implementation of hereditary monarchy byFrederick III in 1660. | ||
| 1st generation | .svg) | |
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1 Also prince of Norway 2 Also prince of Greece 3 Also prince of Iceland 4 Also prince of the United Kingdom 5 Not Danish prince by birth, but created prince of Denmark Princes that lost their title are shown in italics | ||
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