Franco Alfano (8 March 1875 – 27 October 1954) was an Italian composer andpianist, best known today for his operasCyrano de Bergerac (1936) andRisurrezione (1904), and for having completedPuccini's operaTurandot in 1926. He had considerable success with several of his own works during his lifetime.
Alfano completed his first opera,Miranda (unpublished), for which he also wrote the libretto based on a novel by Antonio Fogazzaro, in 1896. His workLa Fonte di Enschir (libretto byLuigi Illica) was refused byRicordi but was presented inWrocław (then Breslau) asDie Quelle von Enschir on 8 November 1898. It enjoyed some success.
There followed the operaRisurrezione in 1904. It was based onTolstoy, and the lead soprano role of Katerina Mihaylovna was later sung byMagda Olivero.
In 1921,La Leggenda di Sakùntala appeared, described by some[2] as his most important stage work, and while it was successful enough to haveArturo Toscanini recommend Alfano for the completion ofPuccini's posthumousTurandot, the performance materials were thought destroyed in an air raid during the Second World War. Alfano reconstructed it in 1952 asSakùntala, afterAbhijñānaśākuntalam (The Recognition of Sakuntala), theSanskrit play byKālidāsa. Subsequently, the original version was recovered in 2005, with the two versions available for performance today. The second version of Sakùntala was performed in New York City byTeatro Grattacielo in the fall of 2013.[3]
InFanfare's issue of September/October 1999, it was asserted that Alfano's reputation suffers because of several things. Firstly, that he should not be judged as a composer on the basis of the task he was given in completingTurandot (La Scala, 25 April 1926). Secondly, that we almost never hear everything he wrote forTurandot since the standard ending heavily edits Alfano's work.[4] Thirdly, […] it is not his conclusion that is performed in productions ofTurandot but only what the premiere conductorArturo Toscanini included from it […] Puccini had worked for nine months on the following concluding duet and at his death had left behind a whole ream of sketches […] Alfano had to reconstruct […] according to his best assessment […] and with his imagination and magnifying glass" since Puccini's material "had not really been legible".[5][clarification needed]
"Alfano's reputation has also suffered [IC:along with Mascagni], understandably, because of his willingness to associate himself closely with Mussolini's Fascist government."[citation needed]
Alex Ross, inThe New Yorker,[6] notes that a new ending ofTurandot composed byLuciano Berio premiered in 2002[7] is preferred by some critics for making a more satisfactory resolution of Turandot's change of heart, and of being more in keeping with Puccini's evolving technique.
Cyrano de Bergerac: Plácido Domingo, Sondra Radvanovsky, Arturo Chacón-Cruz, Rodney Gilfry; Orquestra de la Comunitat Valenciana; conductor Patrick Fournillier; Filmed at the Palau de les Ars 'Reina Sofia', Valencia, 8,11 & 18 February 2007;Naxos blu-ray and DVD; EAN 0747313527052;[8][9]
Cyrano de Bergerac:William Johns, Olivia Stapp, Gianfranco Cecchele, Miti Truccato Pace, Ezio Di Cesare, Alfredo Giacomotti - Director: Maurizio Arena - Orchestra RAI di Torino - Live - 2 CD Opera d'Oro IOD (2004);
Risurrezione;Magda Olivero, Giuseppe Gismondo, Nucci Condò, Anna Di Stasio - Director: Elio Boncompagni - Live - 2 CD Opera d'Oro IOD (2003);
Liriche da Tagore; Duo Alterno: Tiziana Scandaletti,soprano -Riccardo Piacentini, piano, CD Nuova Era 7388 (Torino 2004).
Other compositions
Sonata for Cello and Piano, 1925: Samuel Magill (cello); Scott Dunn (piano). CD: Naxos, 2009 (World premiere recording)
Concerto for Violin, Cello and Piano, 1932: Elmira Darvarova (violin); Samuel Magill (cello); Scott Dunn piano. CD: Naxos, 2009 (World premiere recording[10])
Sonata for Violin and Piano, 1923: Elmira Darvarova (violin); Scott Dunn (piano). CD: Naxos, 2011 (World premiere recording)
Piano Quintet, 1945: Elmira Darvarova (violin); Mary Ann Mumm (violin); Craig Mumm (viola); Samuel Magill (cello); Scott Dunn (piano). CD, Naxos, 2011 (World premiere recording)
String Quartet No. 1, 1918: Elmira Darvarova (violin); Mary Ann Mumm (violin); Craig Mumm (viola); Samuel Magill (cello). CD, Naxos, 2023 (World premiere recording)
String Quartet No. 2, 1926: Elmira Darvarova (violin); Mary Ann Mumm (violin); Craig Mumm (viola); Samuel Magill (cello). CD, Naxos, 2023 (World premiere recording)
String quartet No. 3, 1949: Elmira Darvarova (violin); Mary Ann Mumm (violin); Craig Mumm (viola); Samuel Magill (cello). CD, Naxos, 2023 (World premiere recording)
^Andreas K. W. Meyer (trans. Susan Marie Praeder), CPO opera liner notes forCyrano de Bergerac, pp. 29-30.
^Konrad Dryden, p. 33, adds that the project, reluctantly undertaken, resulted in "near blindness in his right eye, requiring three months spent in darkened rooms". Symphonies 1 and 2 [reviewed by Barry Brenesal in the same issue of Fanfare, pp. 103-4].
^Alex Ross, inThe New Yorker, 27 February 2006, pp. 84–85.
Posillipo—Leipzig—Miranda (1875–1896) -- La fonte d'enscir (1897–1899) -- Resurrezione and Il principe Zilah (1899–1909) -- L'ombra di Don Giovanni (1910–1914) -- La leggenda di Sakùntala, Tagore and tragedy (1915–1921) -- Turandot (1921–1925) -- Mary Garden—Vienna—Rostand (1926) -- Mussolini and Balzac (1927) -- Metropolitan Opera premiere (1928) -- A tale of two operas (1928–1929) -- France and an American saint (1930–1931) -- Cyrano de Bergerac (1932–1933) -- Palermo and Don Juan de Manara (1934–1941) -- Wartime phoenix (1942–1947) -- Final years (1948–1954) -- Appendix A: Opera plots—Appendix B: The Alfano opus.
_-_Archivio_Storico_Ricordi_FOTO001885.jpg)
