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| Francis V | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Portrait byLuigi Manzini | |||||
| Duke of Modena and Reggio | |||||
| Reign | 21 January 1846 – 11 June 1859 | ||||
| Predecessor | Francis IV | ||||
| Successor | Habsburg monarchy abolished byRisorgimento | ||||
| Born | (1819-06-01)1 June 1819 Modena,Duchy of Modena | ||||
| Died | 20 November 1875(1875-11-20) (aged 56) Vienna,Austria-Hungary | ||||
| Burial | |||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue | Archduchess Anna Beatrice | ||||
| |||||
| House | Austria-Este | ||||
| Father | Francis IV of Modena | ||||
| Mother | Maria Beatrice of Savoy | ||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism | ||||
Francis V, Duke of Modena, Reggio and Guastalla, Archduke of Austria-Este, Royal Prince ofHungary andBohemia, Duke ofMirandola and ofMassa, Prince ofCarrara (Italian:Francesco Ferdinando Geminiano d'Asburgo-Lorena; 1 June 1819 – 20 November 1875) was a reigning prince. He wasDuke of Modena,Reggio, andMirandola, Duke ofGuastalla from 1847 and Duke ofMassa and Prince ofCarrara from 1846 to 1859. His parents wereFrancis IV of Modena and PrincessMaria Beatrice of Savoy. He was the last reigning duke of Modena before theduchy was incorporated into theKingdom of Italy.
Francis was baptised 5 days after birth by the local archbishop in the local cathedral; EmperorFrancis I of Austria, the formerHoly Roman Emperor, was his godfather, but his uncleArchduke Ferdinand acted as proxy for the emperor.
In 1826Francis IV of Modena appointedCount Clemente Coronini as tutor to Francis, withDon Pietro Raffaelli, who would later become Bishop ofCarpi and Reggio, as his assistant. In 1829, Baron Ernest Geramb became Francis's new tutor.
On 15 September 1836, Francis became a Knight of the AustrianOrder of the Golden Fleece, and 3 years later he received the Grand Cordon of theOrder of the Netherlands Lion.
After the death of his mother in 1840, Francis was considered the legitimate heir to the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland byJacobites asFrancis I. At his death his younger brother's daughterMaria Theresa of Austria-Este became Jacobite claimant.
On 30 March 1842, Francis married PrincessAdelgunde of Bavaria, daughter of KingLudwig I of Bavaria, in theAllerheiligen-Hofkirche at theMunich Residenz. The Archbishop of Munich-Freising was the chief officiant of the wedding. The couple had only one child, Princess Anna Beatrice (19 October 1848 inGries,Bolzano – 8 July 1849 inModena).
In 1842, Francis received another order: theOrder of the Most Holy Annunciation.
At the death of his fatherFrancis IV of Modena on 21 January 1846, Francis succeeded as reigning duke of Modena. As member of acadet branch of the House ofHabsburg-Lorraine he also bore the titles of anArchduke of Austria and a Prince Royal ofHungary andBohemia from birth; from his father he inherited also the titles ofDuke of Reggio andMirandola, Duke ofMassa, Prince ofCarrara andLunigiana. At the death of his cousin the DuchessMarie-Louise of Parma on 18 December 1847, he succeeded asDuke of Guastalla.
During therevolutions of 1848, Francis was forced to flee his duchy by a popular uprising and was restored by Austrian troops in the following year.
In 1855, Francis established his own new order: theOrder of the Eagle of Este, of which he acted asGrand Master.
In 1859 theDuchy of Modena was invaded by armies ofFrance andSardinia in theSecond Italian War of Independence. On 11 June, Francis fled and his government was overthrown on 14 June. The duchy was incorporated into theUnited Provinces of Central Italy. On 18 March 1860, KingVictor Emanuel II of Sardinia ordered Modena to be incorporated into the newKingdom of Italy. Francis protested against this four days later.
After the loss of his duchy, Francis withdrew toVienna, where he lived in thePalais Modena. He also had a summer residence atSchloss Wildenwart inBavaria. Although he spent most of his time in Austria he occasionally traveled and in 1864 he visited the Middle East.
On 7 March 1861,William Ewart Gladstone, the BritishChancellor of the Exchequer, made a verbal attack against Francis in the House of Commons, primarily accusing Francis of having violated criminal procedure by imposing excessive punishments.Constantine Phipps, Marquis of Normanby published a book later that year rebutting all of Gladstone's charges against Francis.[1]
Francis died at Vienna on 20 November 1875. He left most of his huge estate to his 2nd cousin twice removedArchduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, who subsequently used the title Archduke ofAustria-Este in keeping with the strict terms of the will. Francis's remains were kept at theCapuchin Church in Vienna.
Francis V, Duke of Modena Cadet branch of theHabsburg-Lorraine Born: 1 June 1819 Died: 20 November 1875 | ||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Duke of Modena and Reggio 1846–1859 | Italian unification |
| Royal titles | ||
| Preceded by | Archduke of Austria-Este 1846–1875 | Succeeded by |
| Titles in pretence | ||
| Himself | — TITULAR — Duke of Modena and Reggio 1859–1875 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | — TITULAR — King of England, Scotland and Ireland 1840–1875 Reason for succession failure: Glorious Revolution | Succeeded by |
