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Foveated rendering

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Rendering technique in which image quality is reduced in the peripheral vision

Foveated rendering is arendering technique which uses aneye tracker integrated with avirtual reality headset to reduce the rendering workload by greatly reducing the image quality in theperipheral vision (outside of the zone gazed by thefovea).[1][2]

A less sophisticated variant calledfixed foveated rendering doesn't utilise eye tracking and instead assumes a fixed focal point.[3][4]

History

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Research into foveated rendering dates back at least to 1991.[5]

At Tech Crunch Disrupt SF 2014,Fove unveiled a headset featuring foveated rendering.[6] This was followed by a successful kickstarter in May 2015.[7]

AtCES 2016,SensoMotoric Instruments (SMI) demoed a new 250 Hz eye tracking system and a working foveated rendering solution. It resulted from a partnership with camera sensor manufacturerOmnivision who provided the camera hardware for the new system.[8][9]

In July 2016,Nvidia demonstrated duringSIGGRAPH a new method of foveated rendering claimed to be invisible to users.[1][10]

In February 2017, Qualcomm announced their Snapdragon 835 Virtual Reality Development Kit (VRDK) which includes foveated rendering support called Adreno Foveation.[11][12]

Use

[edit]

According to chief scientistMichael Abrash atOculus, utilising foveated rendering in conjunction withsparse rendering anddeep learning image reconstruction has the potential to require an order of magnitude fewer pixels to be rendered in comparison to a full image.[13] Later, these results have been demonstrated and published.[14]

In December 2019, fixed foveated rendering support was added to theOculus Quest SDK.[15] A number of VR headsets have included on-board eye tracking to provide support for foveated rendering, including HTC'sVive Pro Eye (2019),[16][17]Meta Quest Pro (2022),[18]PlayStation VR2 (2023),[19] andApple Vision Pro (2024).[20][21]

In 2025,Valve announced the upcomingSteam Frame headset, which applies a variation of the technique known as "foveated streaming" for wireless streaming from a PC to the headset; the method similarly uses variants inbit rate, and is performed at theencoder level rather than the software level.[22][23]

See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^abParrish, Kevin (2016-07-22)."Nvidia plans to prove that new method improves image quality in virtual reality".Digital Trends. Retrieved2017-02-02.
  2. ^"Understanding Foveated Rendering".Sensics. 2016-04-11. Archived fromthe original on 2017-12-01. Retrieved2017-02-04.
  3. ^Carbotte, Kevin (30 March 2018)."What Is Fixed Foveated Rendering, And Why Does It Matter?".Tom's Hardware. Retrieved9 September 2019.
  4. ^Orland, Kyle (21 March 2016)."How Valve got passable VR running on a four-year-old graphics card".Ars Technica. Retrieved9 September 2019.
  5. ^Wang, Lili; Shi, Xuehuai; Liu, Yi (2023). "Foveated rendering: A state-of-the-art survey".Computational Visual Media.9 (2):195–228.arXiv:2211.07969.doi:10.1007/s41095-022-0306-4.S2CID 253523241.
  6. ^"FOVE Uses Eye Tracking To Make Virtual Reality More Immersive".TechCrunch. 10 September 2014. Retrieved2019-02-06.
  7. ^"FOVE: The World's First Eye Tracking Virtual Reality Headset".Kickstarter. 20 January 2017. Retrieved2019-02-06.
  8. ^Mason, Will (2016-01-15)."SMI's 250Hz Eye Tracking and Foveated Rendering Are For Real, and the Cost May Surprise You".UploadVR. Retrieved2017-02-02.
  9. ^Mason, Will (2016-01-15)."SMI's 250Hz Eye Tracking and Foveated Rendering Are For Real, and the Cost May Surprise You".UploadVR. Retrieved2020-06-18.
  10. ^"NVIDIA Partners with SMI on Innovative Rendering Technique That Improves VR".Nvidia. 2016-01-21. Retrieved2017-02-02.
  11. ^"Qualcomm Introduces Snapdragon 835 Virtual Reality Development Kit".Qualcomm. 2017-02-23. Retrieved2021-06-01.
  12. ^"Foveation in Game Engines".vr.tobii.com. Retrieved2021-06-01.
  13. ^Oculus (2018-09-26),Oculus Connect 5 | Keynote Day 01, retrieved2018-09-30
  14. ^Kaplanyan, Anton (2020-05-15)."DeepFovea: AR/VR rendering, inspired by human vision".YouTube. Retrieved2020-05-15.
  15. ^"Oculus Quest gets dynamic fixed foveated rendering".VentureBeat. 2019-12-22. Retrieved2020-01-21.
  16. ^Statt, Nick (2019-01-07)."HTC announces new Vive Pro Eye virtual reality headset with native eye tracking".The Verge. Retrieved2019-01-14.
  17. ^Meng, Xiaoxu; Du, Ruofei; Zwicker, Matthias; Varshney, Amitabh (2018-07-01),"Kernel Foveated Rendering",Proceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques,1:1–20,doi:10.1145/3203199,S2CID 4899582, retrieved2018-07-01
  18. ^Bezmalinovic, Tomislav (2022-10-02)."Meta Quest Pro's eye tracking improves image quality".MIXED Reality News. Retrieved2025-11-14.
  19. ^Stein, Scott (16 September 2022)."PlayStation VR 2 Hands-On: Sony's Upcoming PS5 VR Headset Wowed Me".CNET.Red Ventures. Retrieved5 October 2022.
  20. ^Wiggers, Kyle (June 5, 2023)."visionOS is Apple's latest operating system".TechCrunch.Archived from the original on June 8, 2023. RetrievedJune 7, 2023.
  21. ^"WWDC 2023 Biggest Reveals: Vision Pro Headset, iOS 17, MacBook Air and More".CNET.Archived from the original on June 9, 2023. RetrievedJune 7, 2023.
  22. ^Hamilton, Ian; Heaney, David (2025-11-12)."Steam Frame Hands-On: UploadVR's Impressions Of Valve's New Headset".UploadVR. Retrieved2025-11-12.
  23. ^"I tried to trick the Steam Frame's clever eye tracking and failed, miserably".PC Gamer. 2025-11-12. Retrieved2025-11-14.

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