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Four Holy Beasts

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Four sacred animals in Chinese mythology
Bas-relief of the Four Holy Beasts atTrần Hưng Đạo Temple,Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

TheFour Holy Beasts (Chinese:四靈四聖獸、or四大神獸) areChinese astronomical andcultural Four Benevolent Animals that are spread in theEast Asian cultural sphere. They are mentioned in the Chinese classicBook of Rites[1] and includes theDragon () in the East, theQilin () in the West, theTurtle () in the North, and theFenghuang () in the South.

Differences

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Phoenix depicted at the Longshan temple, Taiwan

The Four Holy Beasts differs fromFour Symbols in thatQilin replaces theWhite Tiger. The Four Symbols are theAzure Dragon (青龍) in the East,White Tiger (白虎) in the West,Vermilion Bird (朱雀) in the South, and theBlack Turtle-Snake (玄武) in the North.

Regional examples

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Vietnam

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InHo Chi Minh City, there are four areas named after the beasts inSuối Tiên Park. They are theThủy Long (水龍) Palace, theKỳ Lân (麒麟) Palace, theKim Quy (金龜) Lake, and thePhượng Hoàng (鳳凰) Palace.

China

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Summer Palace has statues of the four Beasts.

Korea

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Patterns of the four holy beasts are found in Bronze mirrors of the Goryeo dynasty and Pottery.[2]

Gallery

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  • Qilin statue at the imperial Summer Palace of the Qing dynasty. (麒麟)
    Qilin statue at the imperialSummer Palace of the Qing dynasty.
    (麒麟)
  • Phoenix (鳳凰)
    Phoenix
    (鳳凰)
  • Turtle (龜)
    Turtle
    ()
  • Dragon (龍)
    Dragon
    ()
  • The altar drawing the Four Holy Beasts at Giác Hải Temple
    The altar drawing the Four Holy Beasts at Giác Hải Temple

See also

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References

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  1. ^Liji "Liyun (The conveyance of rite" / Ceremonial usages; their origins, development, and intention)"23. quote:"何謂四靈?麟鳳龜龍,謂之四靈" translation based onJames Legge's: "What were thefour numinous creatures? They were thelin, thefeng, the tortoise, and the dragon."
  2. ^사령문.Encyclopedia of Korean Culture.
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