Forty Fort, Pennsylvania | |
|---|---|
 Forty Fort Borough Hall | |
 Location of Forty Fort in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania | |
  Forty Fort  Forty Fort | |
| Coordinates:41°17′0″N75°52′24″W / 41.28333°N 75.87333°W /41.28333; -75.87333 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Pennsylvania |
| County | Luzerne |
| Settled | 1778 |
| Incorporated | 1887 |
| Government | |
| • Body | Borough Council |
| • Mayor | Brian Thomas (D)[1] |
| Area | |
• Total | 1.52 sq mi (3.93 km2) |
| • Land | 1.30 sq mi (3.38 km2) |
| • Water | 0.21 sq mi (0.55 km2) |
| Population | |
• Total | 4,239 |
| • Density | 3,248.28/sq mi (1,253.71/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
| Zip code | 18704 |
| Area code | 570 |
| FIPS code | 42-26880 |
| Website | www |
Forty Fort is aborough inLuzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 4,233 at the2020 census.[4] Its neighbors areWyoming (to the north),Plains Township (to the east),Kingston (to the south), andSwoyersville (to the west). TheWilkes-Barre Wyoming Valley Airport and theWyoming Seminary Lower School are both located in the borough.
In 1770, forty settlers fromWestmoreland County, Connecticut, established afort along theSusquehanna River in the area now known as Forty Fort Borough. Before theAmerican Revolutionary War, both Connecticut and Pennsylvania claimed this territory, as Connecticut laid claim to a wide swath of land to its west based on its colonial charter. These competing claims triggered thePennamite–Yankee Wars but were resolved after the Revolutionary War when the federal government awarded the contested territory to Pennsylvania.[5]
During the Revolutionary War, a force ofLoyalist soldiers andHaudenosaunee warriors arrived in theWyoming Valley on June 30, 1778. On July 1, Fort Wintermoot and Fort Jenkins surrendered. Demands for Forty Fort to surrender were rebuked. On July 3, roughly 300Patriot militia and 60 Continentals under the command of Lieutenant ColonelZebulon Butler sallied from Forty Fort. In the ensuingBattle of Wyoming, commonly known as the Wyoming Massacre, about 300 Americans were killed.[6]
The next morning, July 4, Lieutenant Colonel Nathan Denison agreed to surrender Forty Fort and two smaller forts, along with what remained of the militia. The Loyalist commander paroled them on their promise to take no part in further hostilities. None of the inhabitants were injured after the surrender, although some had their personal effects plundered.[7] In 1900, a large stone was placed at the end of Fort Street, in Forty Fort Borough, by the Daughters of the American Revolution to mark the approximate location of Forty Fort.[8]
In the years following the Revolutionary War, Forty Fort became home to both theNathan Denison House (built around 1790) and theForty Fort Meetinghouse (built in 1806–08), which is located in the borough'scemetery. Forty Fort was officially incorporated as a borough in 1887. The borough later became home to the Lower School of theWyoming Seminary and a portion of the southern end of theWilkes-Barre Wyoming Valley Airport.
In June 1972,Hurricane Agnes caused the Susquehanna River to overflow its banks. In Forty Fort, a portion of thelevee protecting the town broke. This caused millions of dollars in damage to Forty Fort and the surrounding communities.[9] In addition to structural damage, the Forty Fort Cemetery was heavily affected when over 2,000 caskets were washed away.[10] Recovered bodies were eventually buried in a mass grave with a monument marking the 1972 flood's damage. In September 2011, the borough's levee system was once again put to the test whenTropical Storm Lee caused severe flooding throughout the Wyoming Valley. However, this time the levee held, and the town was preserved from the catastrophe it witnessed in 1972.
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According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of 1.6 square miles (4.1 km2), of which 1.3 square miles (3.4 km2) is land and 0.27 square miles (0.7 km2) of it, or 16.58%, is water.[11] Forty Fort hugs the western bank of theSusquehanna River just north of Wilkes-Barre. Its neighbors areWyoming (to the north),Plains Township (to the east),Kingston (to the south), andSwoyersville (to the west). Forty Fort is built on afloodplain and is protected by alevee system. In the 1972 flood, the levee broke and the neighboring Susquehanna River flooded much of the town. During the 2011 flood, the levee system was once again put to the test. However, this time it held, and the borough was preserved.
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1880 | 478 | — | |
| 1890 | 1,031 | 115.7% | |
| 1900 | 1,557 | 51.0% | |
| 1910 | 2,353 | 51.1% | |
| 1920 | 3,389 | 44.0% | |
| 1930 | 6,224 | 83.7% | |
| 1940 | 6,293 | 1.1% | |
| 1950 | 6,173 | −1.9% | |
| 1960 | 6,431 | 4.2% | |
| 1970 | 6,114 | −4.9% | |
| 1980 | 5,590 | −8.6% | |
| 1990 | 5,049 | −9.7% | |
| 2000 | 4,579 | −9.3% | |
| 2010 | 4,214 | −8.0% | |
| 2020 | 4,233 | 0.5% | |
| 2021 (est.) | 4,225 | [4] | −0.2% |
| Sources:[12][13][14][3] | |||
As of thecensus of 2000[13] of 2000, there were 4,579 people, 1,989 households, and 1,261 families residing in the borough. The population density was 3,418.3 inhabitants per square mile (1,319.8/km2). There were 2,098 housing units at an average density of 1,566.2 per square mile (604.7/km2). The racial makeup of the borough was 98.47%White, 0.50%African American, 0.07%Native American, 0.37%Asian, 0.17% fromother races, and 0.41% from two or more races.Hispanic orLatino of any race were 0.52% of the population.
There were 1,989 households, out of which 25.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.6% were married couples living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.6% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.94.
In the borough the population was spread out, with 20.5% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 19.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.9 males.
The median income for a household in the borough was $40,306, and the median income for a family was $50,667. Males had a median income of $36,696 versus $29,199 for females. Theper capita income for the borough was $20,558. About 5.4% of families and 6.0% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 8.7% of those under age 18 and 3.2% of those age 65 or over.
Forty Fort has amayor/council form of government. The borough's council consists of seven elected members. Elections are split every two years (where almost half the council is up for election). At first, the mayor and three council seats are up for election. Two years later, the other four council seats are up for election. This cycle repeats itself. The council acts as the legislative branch.[citation needed] Should the office of mayor or a seat on the borough council be vacant, the council will appoint a person to fill the vacancy.[15]
The mayor is electedat-large to a four-year term. The mayor is primarily responsible for the public safety of the borough. One function of the office is to serve as spokesperson for the community and represent the borough at civic and social events.[16] The mayor also reviews each ordinance enacted by the borough council; and can sign the ordinance,veto it, or permit it to become law without signature. The mayor also has the authority to break a tie vote on borough council. Other various functions of the office include performing wedding ceremonies and administering oaths.[citation needed]
Brian Thomas was appointed mayor by the borough council in January 2022, following the resignation of the previous mayor.[16][17] He was elect to a shortened term in 2023.[18]
Forty Fort is part of theWyoming Valley West School District.[19] There are three schools located in Forty Fort:
U.S. Route 11 (Wyoming Avenue) runs from Wyoming, through Forty Fort, and into Kingston.PA 309 runs through the southern end of Forty Fort. The borough is also home to the southern edge of theWilkes-Barre Wyoming Valley Airport, a public facility serving mainlygeneral aviation aircraft. The rest of the airport is in Wyoming.
Following thelawsuits related to the 2020 United States presidential election, the town appeared in the season finale of theLast Week Tonight with John Oliver where hostJohn Oliver jokingly reinvented the story on the origin of the Forty Fort's name.[20]
