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Foreign relations of Thailand

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Theforeign relations of Thailand are handled by theMinistry of Foreign Affairs of Thailand.

Thailand participates fully in international and regional organizations. It has developed close ties with other ASEAN members—Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Brunei, Laos, and Vietnam—whose foreign and economic ministers hold annual meetings. Regional cooperation is progressing in economic, trade, banking, political, and cultural matters. In 2003, Thailand served as APEC host. Dr.Supachai Panitchpakdi, the former Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand, served as Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) from 2005 until 31 August 2015. In 2005 Thailand attended the inauguralEast Asia Summit.

Since the military coup of May 2014, Thailand's global reputation has plunged, according to Professor Thitinan Pongsudhirak ofChulalongkorn University. He maintains that, "When the fourth anniversary of Thailand's coup comes to pass later this month [May 2018], Thailand's foreign relations will be one of the many costs to be counted from the military government....Instead of moving ahead in its relations with the outside world, Thailand has regressed to a standstill.[1]

Disputes

[edit]

Parts of the border withLaos are undefined. Amaritime boundary dispute withVietnam was resolved, August 1997. Parts of maritime border withCambodia are disputed.[2] Sporadic conflict withMyanmar over alignment of border.[3]

Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which Thailand maintains diplomatic relations with:

#CountryDate
1United Kingdom18 April 1855[4]
2France15 August 1856[4]
3Denmark21 May 1858[4]
4Portugal10 February 1859[4]
5Netherlands17 December 1860[4]
6Sweden18 May 1868[4]
7Italy3 October 1868[4]
8Spain23 February 1870[4]
9United States23 October 1882[5]
10Belgium21 July 1883[4]
11Japan26 September 1887[6]
12Russia3 July 1897[4]
13Norway30 November 1905[4]
14  Switzerland28 May 1931[4]
15India1 August 1947[7]
16Myanmar24 August 1948[8]
17Philippines14 June 1949[9]
18Indonesia7 March 1950[10]
19Cambodia19 December 1950[11]
20Laos19 December 1950[12]
21Pakistan10 October 1951[4]
22Germany28 May 1952[13]
23Australia19 December 1952[14]
24Afghanistan23 April 1953[15]
25Austria2 July 1953[16]
26Finland17 June 1954[4]
27Israel23 June 1954[17]
28Egypt27 September 1954[18]
29Serbia12 November 1954[19]
30Argentina2 February 1955[20]
31Iran9 November 1955[18]
32Sri Lanka20 November 1955[21]
33Syria10 January 1956[22]
34New Zealand26 March 1956[14]
35Iraq24 May 1956[23]
36Guatemala7 March 1957[24]
37Malaysia31 August 1957[25]
38Saudi Arabia1 October 1957[18]
39Lebanon3 February 1958[26]
40Turkey12 May 1958[4]
41Cuba19 May 1958[27]
42Greece26 May 1958[4]
43South Korea1 October 1958[28]
44Brazil17 April 1959[29]
45Luxembourg16 June 1959[4]
46   Nepal30 November 1959[30]
47Canada8 November 1961[31]
48Chile9 October 1962[32]
49Nigeria1 November 1962[33]
50Paraguay17 December 1962[34]
51Bolivia1 February 1963[35]
52Kuwait14 June 1963[18]
53Ethiopia10 April 1964[36]
54Cameroon20 July 1965[37]
55Singapore20 September 1965[38]
56Peru10 November 1965[39]
57Ivory Coast30 June 1966[40]
58Jordan10 November 1966[41]
59Liberia2 February 1967[42]
60Tunisia2 February 1967[43]
61Kenya25 July 1967[44]
62Dominican Republic18 September 1969[45]
63Democratic Republic of the Congo14 February 1969[46]
—Holy See26 April 1969[4]
64Bangladesh5 October 1972[15]
65Poland14 November 1972[4]
66Fiji15 December 1972[14]
67Romania1 June 1973[4]
68Hungary24 October 1973[4]
69Costa Rica14 December 1973[47]
70Mongolia5 March 1974[48]
71Czech Republic15 March 1974[4]
72Bulgaria10 August 1974[4]
73Ireland27 January 1975[4]
74North Korea8 May 1975[49]
75Iceland18 June 1975[4]
76China1 July 1975[50]
77Mexico28 August 1975[51]
78Nicaragua24 November 1975[52]
79Algeria6 December 1975[53]
80United Arab Emirates12 December 1975[54]
81Gabon1 April 1976[55]
82Papua New Guinea19 May 1976[14]
83Uruguay15 June 1976[56]
84Vietnam6 August 1976[57]
85Mauritania24 August 1976[58]
86Bahrain17 January 1977[18]
87Libya16 March 1977[59]
88Grenada16 May 1977[60]
89Samoa15 November 1978[61]
90Colombia20 January 1979[62]
91Mauritius22 January 1979[18]
92Maldives21 June 1979[63]
93Ecuador15 January 1980[60]
94Cyprus5 May 1980[4]
95Oman30 July 1980[64]
96Qatar7 August 1980[65]
97Senegal9 August 1980[66]
98Benin5 October 1980[67]
99Tanzania30 December 1980[60]
100Mali15 September 1981[68]
101Sudan15 June 1982[69]
102Niger30 July 1982[60]
103Panama20 August 1982[60]
104Venezuela27 August 1982[70]
105Vanuatu21 September 1982[14]
106Albania30 September 1982[4]
107Sierra Leone24 December 1982[60]
108Yemen5 April 1983[71]
109Guinea15 April 1983[72]
110Guinea-Bissau6 December 1983[60]
111Brunei1 January 1984[73]
—Sovereign Military Order of Malta4 September 1984[4]
112Jamaica10 September 1984[74]
113Somalia1 November 1984[75]
114Malta17 December 1984[4]
115Gambia15 February 1985[76]
116Uganda15 February 1985[77]
117Zimbabwe4 April 1985[18]
118Burkina Faso12 July 1985[78]
119Morocco4 October 1985[60]
120Ghana25 October 1985[79]
121Botswana29 November 1985[18]
122Honduras16 December 1985[80]
123Trinidad and Tobago22 January 1986[81]
124Djibouti1 April 1986[82]
125Solomon Islands2 May 1986[14]
126Togo7 May 1986[83]
127Comoros15 July 1986[60]
128Haiti30 October 1986[60]
129Cape Verde2 December 1986
130Saint Vincent and the Grenadines9 December 1986[60]
131Saint Kitts and Nevis16 January 1987[60]
132Suriname24 February 1987[60]
133São Tomé and Príncipe7 May 1987[84]
134Malawi1 June 1987[18]
135El Salvador24 September 1987[85]
136Central African Republic30 October 1987[86]
137Rwanda30 October 1987[87]
138Zambia9 November 1987[18]
139Guyana17 December 1987[60]
140Seychelles19 July 1988[60]
141Burundi20 July 1988[88]
142Republic of the Congo25 August 1988[89]
143Barbados22 November 1988[60]
144Saint Lucia4 April 1989[60]
145Lesotho17 April 1989[18]
146Mozambique19 April 1989[90]
147Bhutan14 November 1989[15]
148Chad28 September 1990
149Namibia6 November 1990[18]
150Madagascar30 November 1990[18]
151Eswatini17 January 1991[18]
152Equatorial Guinea15 February 1991[91]
153Latvia19 March 1992[4]
154Federated States of Micronesia20 March 1992[14]
155Estonia27 April 1992[4]
156Ukraine6 May 1992[4]
157Uzbekistan6 May 1992[18]
158Kazakhstan6 July 1992[18]
159Turkmenistan6 July 1992[18]
160Armenia7 July 1992[4]
161Azerbaijan7 July 1992[4]
162Belarus21 July 1992[4]
163Georgia21 July 1992[4]
164Moldova5 August 1992[4]
165Tajikistan5 August 1992[18]
166Kyrgyzstan6 August 1992[18]
167Angola24 August 1992[18]
168Croatia9 September 1992[4]
169Slovenia9 September 1992[4]
170Slovakia1 January 1993[4]
171Lithuania9 April 1993[4]
172Marshall Islands29 October 1993[14]
173Eritrea7 December 1993[92]
174South Africa9 December 1993[18]
175Tonga27 January 1994[14]
176Palau13 May 1997[14]
177Liechtenstein14 August 1997[4]
178Belize11 June 1999[93]
179Bosnia and Herzegovina14 February 2000[4]
180Andorra28 April 2000[4]
181Timor-Leste20 May 2002[94]
182San Marino12 September 2003[95]
183Nauru14 January 2005[14]
184North Macedonia25 February 2005[4]
—Cook Islands24 May 2005[14]
185Kiribati29 June 2005[14]
186Tuvalu29 August 2005[14]
187Dominica25 November 2005[96]
188Monaco26 June 2006[4]
189Antigua and Barbuda7 July 2006[97]
190Montenegro6 June 2007[4]
—State of Palestine1 August 2012[98]
—Niue27 August 2013[14]
—Kosovo22 November 2013[4]
191South Sudan5 December 2013[99]
192Bahamas21 September 2016[60]

Asia

[edit]

ASEAN

[edit]
CountryFormal relations beganNotes
Brunei1 January 1984SeeBrunei–Thailand relations
Cambodia19 December 1950SeeCambodia–Thailand relations
  • Parts of Cambodia's border with Thailand are indefinite, and the maritime boundary with Thailand is not clearly defined. On 5 November 2009 Thailand recalled its ambassador from Cambodia in protest of the Cambodian government's appointment of Thai ex-leaderThaksin Shinawatra as an economic adviser.[102] Thai Prime MinisterAbhisit Vejjajiva stated that this was "the first diplomatic retaliation measure" against the appointment.[102] He also said that Cambodia was interfering in Thai internal affairs and as a result bi-lateral co-operation agreements would be reviewed.[102] The Cambodian government has stated that it would refuse any extradition request from Thailand for Thaksin as it considered him to be a victim of political persecution.[102]
  • In the months leading up to the Cambodian decision, troops from both nations had clashed over territory claimed by both countries immediately adjacent toPreah Vihear, an 11th-century Hindu temple, leading to a deterioration in relations.[102] At 20:30 on 5 November Cambodia announced that it was withdrawing its ambassador from Thailand as a retaliatory measure.[103][104]Sok An, a member of theCouncil of Ministers and Deputy Prime Minister of Cambodia, said that the appointment of Thaksin is a decision internal to Cambodia and that it "conforms to international practice".[104] The mutual withdrawal of ambassadors is the most severe diplomatic action to have occurred between the two countries.[104]
  • Thailand has an embassy inPhnom Penh, while Cambodia has an embassy in Bangkok.
Indonesia7 March 1950[105]SeeIndonesia–Thailand relations
Laos19 December 1950SeeLaos–Thailand relations
  • In some respects, Thailand can be seen as a greater threat to Laos's independence than Vietnam because of its closer cultural affinity, its easier access, and its control over the railroad and highway routes to the sea. The Mekong River, which both sides have an interest in making a "river of true peace and friendship" — as their respective prime ministers called for in 1976 – also provides a north–south artery during the rainy season.[110]
  • Thailand has an embassy inVientiane and a consulate-general inSavannakhet.
  • Laos has an embassy in Bangkok and a consulate-general inKhon Kaen.
Malaysia31 August 1957SeeMalaysia–Thailand relations
Myanmar24 August 1948SeeMyanmar–Thailand relations

Myanmar has an embassy inBangkok and a consulate-general inChiang Mai. Thailand has an embassy inYangon.[111][112]

Philippines14 June 1949SeePhilippines–Thailand relations
  • Thailand is one of the Philippines' major trading partners and one of the Philippines' rice suppliers. Relations continue to be strengthened through talks and agreements on economic, security, and cultural matters including concerns on rice trading, and combatting drugs and human trafficking.
  • Thailand has an embassy inManila and an honorary consulate inCebu.[113]
  • The Philippines has an embassy in Bangkok.
  • Both countries are the onlyMajor non-NATO Allies in Southeast Asia.[114][115]
  • Both countries are also members of theAsia-Pacific Economic Cooperation,Non-Aligned Movement,Cairns Group andG20 developing nations together with Indonesia.
  • A Treaty of Friendship was signed by both countries on June 14, 1949.[116]
Singapore20 September 1965SeeSingapore–Thailand relations
Vietnam6 August 1976SeeThailand–Vietnam relations
  • Diplomatic relations between the two countries have existed since 1976, and are very friendly both economically and politically nowadays.[118] Yet, relations between the two countries had always been marred by discord, which resulted from bitter rivalry to gain control of the area of what is todayLaos andCambodia.
  • In the 19th century, Thailand (then known asSiam) had fought a series of wars with theNguyễn dynasty which then ruled over Vietnam over control of Cambodia. This rivalry will only temporarily subside whenFrench colonists stepped in and gradually building an establishment in Southeast Asia, known asFrench Indochina.
  • During theVietnam War, Thailand was aligned withSouth Vietnam and theUnited States and theU Tapao Air Base was used as a base forUSAF aircraft. During theFall of Saigon in 1975, fleeingSouth Vietnamese pilots arrived at U Tapao before fleeing to other countries.
  • In 1979, when theKhmer Rouge government in neighbouring Cambodia wastoppled, this had raised concerns in Thailand and the Thai government quickly allied itself with the Khmer Rouge, later theCGDK, in fear of Vietnamese expansionism. In fact, Thailand was foremost among theASEAN, of which it is part of, in opposing the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia.
  • Cambodian refugees soon stayed at border camps straddling the Thai-Cambodian border, and these camps are often controlled by the Khmer Rouge or the CGDK. In the years that followed,Vietnam launched a series of raids on the camps and Vietnamese troops often penetrated into Thai territory and shelled Thai border villages and towns.
  • Thailand has an embassy inHanoi and a consulate-general inHo Chi Minh City.
  • Vietnam has an embassy in Bangkok and a consulate-general inKhon Kaen.
  • Both countries are also members of theAsia-Pacific Economic Cooperation andNon-Aligned Movement.

Rest of Asia

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Bahrain17 January 1977
  • Historically, Bahrain and Thailand shared mutual common of historical civilizations developed in both countries.[119]
  • Since the 1990s, Thailand and Bahrain signed a major framework on economic cooperation, thus effectively making them important economic partners.[120] Today, Thailand is a major investor in Bahrain.
  • In March 2019, Bahraini Prime Minister and PrinceKhalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa, during his participation in the Thai Culture and Food Festival held in capitalManama, praised Thailand and expressed wish to promote the relations.[119]
  • Thailand has an embassy inManama.
  • Bahrain has an embassy in Bangkok.
Bangladesh5 October 1972SeeBangladesh–Thailand relations
  • Relations are considered close and cordial and have made strides to improve trade and investment between the two countries. Diplomatic relations were established on 5 October 1972 and Thailand opened its embassy in 1974 followed by Bangladesh setting up their own in Bangkok in the following year. The first visit between the two countries was President Ziaur Rahman's visit toThailand in 1979 followed by Prime MinisterPrem Tinsulanonda in 1983. Other Heads of States like Ershad visited in 1985, 1988 and 1990 andThaksin Shinawatra in July and December 2002 and January 2004. Thailand is a key country in Bangladesh's "Look East" policy and relations have begun to increase and diversify into different areas.
  • They seek not to intervene in each other's internal matters as shown by their response to the events occurring in their own respective countries in 2006 such as the2006 Thai coup d'état and2006–2008 Bangladeshi political crisis. Both have considerable cooperation in summits organised byBIMSTEC and theASEAN regional forum. Upper class and upper middle class Bangladeshis often go to Thailand for medical treatment and operations that the country's medical infrastructure cannot provide.
Bhutan14 November 1989[121]SeeBhutan–Thailand relations
  • Diplomatic relations between both countries have grown stronger over the years.
  • Bhutan and Thailand also promote cooperation in the field of education.[122]
  • Bhutan has an embassy in Bangkok.
China1 July 1975[123]SeeChina–Thailand relations
  • Thailand established diplomatic relations with the PRC on 1 July 1975. It remains as a key regional ally ofChina, with growing cooperation between both countries.[124][125][126][127][128]
  • For an evaluation of Sino-Siamese relations, seeSiamese Inter-State Relations in the Late Nineteenth Century: From An Asian Regional Perspective.[129]
Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region ofChina)SeeHong Kong–Thailand relations
  • Thailand has a consulate-general in Hong Kong.
  • Hong Kong has anEconomic and Trade Office in Bangkok.
  • On 27 April 2017, Hong Kong Chief Executive CY Leung met Thai Deputy Prime Minister Somkid Jatusripitak at Government House, Hong Kong. They exchanged views on Hong Kong's free trade agreement negotiations with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.[130]
India1 August 1947SeeIndia–Thailand relations
  • Diplomatic relations between India and Thailand were established in 1947, soon after India gained independence. Thailand maintains three diplomatic posts in India: inMumbai, in New Delhi, and inCalcutta. India maintains an embassy in Bangkok and a consulate-general inChiang Mai.
  • The end of theCold War led to a significant enhancement in the substance and pace of bilateral interactions.Indian Look East policy from 1993 and Thailand'sLook West policy since 1996 set the stage for a substantive consolidation of bilateral relations. The past few years since 2001 have witnessed growing warmth, increasing economic and commercial links, exchange of high-level visits on both sides, and the signing of a large number of Agreements leading to a further intensification of relations. Thailand and India are cooperating in various multilateral fora like India's dialogue partnership withASEAN, the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), and the East Asia Summit, the sub-regional groupingBIMSTEC involving Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Myanmar, Nepal and Bhutan, and trilateral transport linkages with Thailand, Myanmar and India. India is a member of the Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD) initiated by Thailand in 2002 and of the Mekong–Ganga Cooperation (MGC), a group of six countries.
Iran9 November 1955SeeIran–Thailand relations
Israel23 June 1954[17]SeeIsrael–Thailand relations

Israel and Thailand have had official relations since June 1954. The Israeli embassy in Bangkok was established in 1958.[132] Since 1996, Thailand has had an embassy inTel Aviv.[133] After the floods in 2011,Israel sent water management experts to Thailand. Princess Chulabhorn Mahidol is involved in advancing scientific cooperation between the two countries. The Thai ambassador to Israel is Jukr Boon-Long.[134]

Japan26 September 1887SeeJapan–Thailand relations
Abhisit with Japanese Prime MinisterYukio Hatoyama, 8 November 2009, Tokyo
  • Japan has become a key trading partner and foreign investor for Thailand. Japan is Thailand's largest supplier, followed by the United States. Since 2005, the rapid ramp-up in export of automobiles of Japanese makes (esp.Toyota,Nissan,Isuzu) has helped to dramatically improve the trade balance, with over 1 million cars produced last year. As such, Thailand has joined the ranks of the world's top ten automobile exporting nations. In 2007, aJapan–Thailand Economic Partnership Agreement was signed, aiming atfree trade between the two countries after a transition period of 10 years.
  • Thailand has an embassy inTokyo and consulates-general inOsaka andFukuoka.
  • Japan has an embassy in Bangkok and a consulate-general inChiang Mai.
North Korea8 May 1975SeeNorth Korea–Thailand relations
South Korea1 October 1958SeeSouth Korea–Thailand relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 October 1958. The year 2008 is the 50th year of bilateral relations with two nations. During theKorean War, Thailand was the second nation sending troops for supporting South Korea just after the United States. In October 2003, South Korea presidentRoh Moo-hyun visited Thailand while Prime MinisterThaksin Shinawatra went to Seoul in November 2005.[136] South Korean is the 10th largest trade partner, which is about to reach the scale of 10 billion dollars.[137]
  • Thailand has an embassy inSeoul
  • South Korea has an embassy in Bangkok.
Oman30 July 1980SeeOman–Thailand relations
  • Oman and Thailand would soon establish relations with the ascend ofQaboos bin Said al Said as Sultan of Oman in 1980.
  • Thailand is one of the most popular tourist destinations for Omanis outside the Gulf states, especiallymedical tourism.[138]
  • Thailand has an embassy inMuscat.[139]
  • Oman has an embassy in Bangkok.[140]
Pakistan10 October 1951SeePakistan–Thailand relations
Palestine1 August 2012SeePalestine–Thailand relations
  • Thailand officially recognized the State of Palestine as an independent state on 18 January 2012.[142]
  • Palestine has a non-resident embassy inKuala Lumpur.
  • In 2016, Palestinian PresidentMahmoud Abbas visited Thailand and met with then Prime MinisterPrayut Chan-o-cha.[143]
Qatar7 August 1980SeeQatar–Thailand relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1980. Their cooperation mainly revolves around tourism and energy.[144]
  • According to the Thailand Labour Ministry, in 2017 there were 1,188 Thai citizens working in Qatar, and were mainly concentrated in the massage services industry and the construction industry.[145]
  • Thailand has an embassy inDoha.
  • Qatar has an embassy in Bangkok.
Saudi Arabia1 October 1957SeeSaudi Arabia–Thailand relations
  • Relations Saudi Arabia and Thailand were established in 1957 and hundreds of thousands of Thais went to Saudi Arabia to work.[146] However, relations have been severely strained for the past 20 years due to fallout from theBlue Diamond Affair. Diplomatic missions were downgraded tochargé d'affaires level and the number of Thai workers in Saudi Arabia plummeted.[146] Saudi Arabia does not issue working visas for Thais and discourages its citizens from visiting the country.
  • On January 26, 2022, both countries announced they restored full diplomatic relations and would appoint ambassadors.[147]
  • Thailand has an embassy inRiyadh and a consulate-general inJeddah.
  • Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Bangkok.
TaiwanNo formal diplomatic relationsSeeTaiwan–Thailand relations
Turkey12 May 1958SeeThailand–Turkey relations
United Arab Emirates12 December 1975[54]SeeThailand–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 December 1975.
  • Thailand has an embassy inAbu Dhabi and a consulate-general inDubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy in Bangkok.

Americas

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Belize11 June 1999

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 June 1999.[150]

Brazil17 April 1959
Further information:Brazil–Thailand relations
Canada8 November 1961
Further information:Canada-Thailand relations
Colombia20 April 1979
Mexico28 August 1975
Peru10 November 1965

In 2009, Thailand and Peru signed a free trade agreement calling for elimination of tariffs on 70% of 5,000 items listed in the agreement. Thailand imports tin and fish from Peru. Peru imports auto parts, electrical appliances, and clothes from Thailand.[158]

United States20 March 1833
Pimpen Vejjajiva,Michelle Obama, Prime MinisterAbhisit Vejjajiva and U.S. PresidentBarack Obama on 23 September 2009, in New York

Thailand has had relations with the United States since 1833. In 2003, the United States designated Thailand as amajor non-NATO ally, which grants Thailand many financial and military benefits derived from the United States.

Europe

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Armenia7 July 1992
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 July 1992 by protocol.[163]
  • Armenia has an honorary consulate inBangkok.[164]
  • Thailand is represented in Armenia through its embassy inMoscow,Russia and through hononary consulate inYerevan.[165]
Austria
  • Austria has an embassy in Bangkok.
  • Thailand has an embassy inVienna.
Azerbaijan7 July 1992
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 July 1992.[166]
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy inBangkok. Thailand uses its embassy inAnkara, Turkey, to be responsible for Thai-Azerbaijani relations.[166]
  • Thailand has an honorary consulate inBaku.
Bulgaria10 August 1974
Croatia9 September 1992
Cyprus5 May 1980
Denmark21 May 1858SeeDenmark–Thailand relations
  • Denmark is represented in Thailand through its embassy inBangkok and an honorary consulate inPhuket.
  • Thailand is represented in Denmark through its embassy inCopenhagen.
Estonia22 October 1921SeeForeign relations of Estonia
  • Thailand (thenSiam) first recognised Estonia on 22 October 1921.[174]
  • Both countries re-established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1992.
  • Estonia is represented in Thailand through its consulates inBangkok andPhuket.[175]
  • Thailand is represented in Estonia through its embassy inHelsinki,Finland.
Finland
Royal Thai Embassy in Helsinki flying the Asean flag as well as own national flag.
France15 August 1856SeeFrance–Thailand relations
Germany7 February 1862SeeGermany–Thailand relations
Flags of Thailand, Germany andBavaria for the visit of prime ministerYingluck Shinawatra in Munich 2012
Greece26 May 1958
Hungary24 October 1973
ItalySeeItaly–Thailand relations
  • Italy has an embassy in Bangkok.
  • Thailand has an embassy inRome.
 Kosovo22 November 2013SeeKosovo–Thailand relations
  • Thailand recognised the Republic of Kosovo as independence state on 24 September 2013.[188][189]
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 November 2013.
  • Kosovo has an embassy inBangkok.
Netherlands1604SeeNetherlands–Thailand relations
Poland
  • Poland has an embassy in Bangkok.
  • Thailand has an embassy inWarsaw.
Portugal10 February 1859SeePortugal-Thailand relations
Romania1 June 1973
RussiaSeeThailand-Russia relations
President Putin with former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra before the start of the APEC Summit in 2003

TheSoviet Union andThailand established diplomatic relations with each other on 12 March 1941; Thailand recognised Russian Federation as the successor to Soviet Union on 28 December 1991. Russia has an embassy inBangkok and two honorary consulates inPhuket andPattaya. Thailand has an embassy in Moscow and two honorary consulates inSaint Petersburg andVladivostok.

Spain23 February 1870SeeSpain-Thailand relations
Sweden18 May 1868
Flags of Sweden and Thailand
Ukraine6 May 1992
  • Thailand is represented in Ukraine through its consulate inKyiv.[199]
  • Ukraine has an embassy inBangkok and an honorary consulate inPattaya.[200]
United Kingdom18 April 1855

AfterBurma lost theFirst Anglo-Burmese War (1824–26) relations opened between theRattanakosin Kingdom of Siam and theUnited Kingdom with a treaty of alliance in February 1826 andanother treaty in June negotiated by East India Company emissaryHenry Burney. This was followed by theBowring Treaty of 1855 to liberalise trade. In 1893,Lord Lansdowne of theBritish Raj finalized the border betweenBurma and Siam; theAnglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909 then dissected the northernMalay states.

  • In 1917 themodern Siamese kingdom declared war on Germany duringWorld War I, which secured it a seat at theVersailles Peace Conference. Foreign MinisterDevawongse Varopakarn used this as an opportunity to argue for the repeal of the 19th century treaties and restoration of full Siamese sovereignty. While Britain and France delayed until 1925, the United States obliged in 1920. Following the outbreak ofWorld War II, relations with Britain, France and the United States deteriorated rapidly – though former QueenRambai Barni was nominal head of theSeri Thai resistance movement in Great Britain. Japan allowed Thailand to resume sovereignty over the sultanates of northern Malaya that had been lost in the 1909 treaty with Britain, and to invade and annex theShan States in northern Burma. After the Japanese surrender, Allied military responsibility for Thailand fell to the British, who favoured treating the kingdom as a defeated enemy. Americans, however, supported Thailand's new government; during theCold War relations with the United Kingdom took a back seat to those with the United States.

Oceania

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Australia
New Zealand

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Pongsudhirak, Thitinan (4 May 2018)."Thailand's global standing at a low point". Opinion.Bangkok Post. Retrieved7 May 2018.
  2. ^"Thai-Cambodia maritime dispute likely to ease in 2017".Emerald Expert Briefings.oxan–db (oxan–db). 1 January 2016.doi:10.1108/OXAN-DB213623.ISSN 2633-304X.
  3. ^Myanmar Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments. International Business Publications, USA. 2013. p. 21.ISBN 978-1-4387-7511-1. Retrieved21 January 2022.
  4. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadaeafagahaiajakalamanaoapaqarasatauav"ประเทศในยุโรป" (in Thai). Retrieved7 May 2025.
  5. ^"A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Thailand". Retrieved7 May 2025.
  6. ^"ญี่ปุ่น (Japan)" (in Thai). Archived fromthe original on 24 December 2022. Retrieved7 May 2025.
  7. ^"สาธารณรัฐอินเดีย" (in Thai). Archived fromthe original on 30 December 2023. Retrieved30 December 2023.
  8. ^"List of Countries having Diplomatic Relations with the Republic of the Union of Myanmar". Retrieved6 March 2025.
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Further reading

[edit]
  • Busbarat, Pongphisoot. "Thailand's foreign policy towards neighbouring countries and ASEAN." inRoutledge Handbook of Contemporary Thailand (Routledge, 2019) pp. 431–446.
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