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Foreign relations of Switzerland

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Theforeign relations of Switzerland are the primary responsibility of theFederal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA). Someinternational relations ofSwitzerland are handled by other departments of thefederal administration of Switzerland.

History

[edit]
TheFirst Geneva Convention (1864).Geneva is the city that hosts the highest number ofinternational organisations in the world.[1]

Article 54 of theSwiss Constitution of 1999 declares the safeguarding of Switzerland's independence and welfare as the principal objective of Swiss foreign policy. Below this overarching goal, the Constitution specifies these foreign policy objectives:

These objectives reflect the Swiss moral obligation to undertake social, economic, and humanitarian activities that contribute toworld peace and prosperity. This is manifested by Swiss bilateral and multilateral diplomatic activity, assistance to developing countries, and support for the extension ofinternational law, particularlyhumanitarian law.

Traditionally, Switzerland has avoided alliances that might entail military, political, or direct economic action. Only in recent years have the Swiss broadened the scope of activities in which they feel able to participate without compromisingtheir neutrality. Switzerland is not a member of theEuropean Union and joined theUnited Nations very late compared to its European neighbours.

Switzerland maintains diplomatic relations with almost all countries and historically has served as aneutral intermediary and host to major international treaty conferences. The country has no major dispute in its bilateral relations.

Switzerland (mainlyGeneva) is home to many international governmental and nongovernmental organisations, including theInternational Olympic Committee, theInternational Committee of the Red Cross and theEuropean Broadcasting Union. One of the first international organisations, theUniversal Postal Union, is located inBern.

United Nations

[edit]
Session in thePalace of Nations inGeneva

Switzerland, fearing that its status as a neutral country would be damaged, did not join theUnited Nations when it was created in 1945.[2] On 10 September 2002, Switzerland became a full member of the United Nations, after areferendum supporting full membership won in a close vote six months earlier; Swiss voters had rejected membership by a 3-to-1 marginin 1986. The2002 vote made Switzerland the first and only country to join based on a popular vote.[3] Conversely, on 17 May 1992, Swiss voters approved by a healthy margin (55 percent in favour) the decision to join the IMF and the World Bank. Less than two weeks later, but a full two years after the initial application, Switzerland finally became a member of the IMF on 29 May of that same year.

Prior to its formal accession to the United Nations, Switzerland had maintained an observer role at the UN'sGeneral Assembly and itsEconomic and Social Council. Prior to full membership it had no right to a seat as one of theelected members of the UN Security Council. Switzerland was elected as a member of theUnited Nations Security Council for the period 2023–2024 on 9 June 2022. Switzerland says it intends to play its role as a "bridge builder".[4] Other stated priorities are peace building, supporting women into the political process, minorities rights andhuman rights and more transparency from the Security Council.[5]

Switzerland has fully participated within many of the UN's specialised institutions, including theEconomic Commission for Europe,United Nations Environment Programme, theUN High Commissioner for Refugees,UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization,UN Conference on Trade and Development,UN Industrial Development Organization, and theUniversal Postal Union. Switzerland has also furnished military observers and medical teams to several UN operations.[which?]

Switzerland is a party to the Statute of theInternational Court of Justice.

Support of UN sanctions

[edit]

The Swiss government on 25 June 2003, eased most of the sanctions against the Republic ofIraq in accord withUN Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1483. The government lifted the tradeembargo, flight restrictions, and financial sanctions in place since August 1990. The weapons embargo and the asset freeze, the scope of which was extended, remain in force, and restrictions on the trade in Iraqi cultural goods were newly imposed. Though not a member at the time, Switzerland had joined UN sanctions against Iraq after theinvasion of Kuwait.

Switzerland also has joined UN economic sanctions imposed onLibya,Sierra Leone,UNITA (Angola),Liberia, andSerbia/Montenegro. On 15 October 2003, theFederal Council ended the import restrictions on raw diamonds from Sierra Leone and lifted sanctions against Libya.

Switzerland in October 2000 implemented an ordinance to enforce UN sanctions against theTaliban (UNSCR 1267), which it subsequently amended in April 2001 in accord with tighter UN regulations (UNSCR 1333). On 2 May 2002, the Swiss Government eased the sanctions regime in accord withUNSCR 1388 and1390, lifting the ban on the sale ofacetic acid (used in drug production),Afghan airlines, and Afghan diplomatic representations. The weapons embargo, travel restrictions, and financial sanctions remain in force.

The Swiss Government in November 2001 issued an ordinance declaring illegal theterrorist organisationAl-Qaeda as well as possible successor or supporting organisations. More than 200 individuals or companies linked to international terrorism have been blacklisted to have their assets frozen. Thus far, Swiss authorities have blocked about 72 accounts totalling U.S.$22.6 million.

Switzerland is a member of many international organizations, including theWorld Trade Organization,Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,European Free Trade Association,Council of Europe,Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe,International Atomic Energy Agency, andInternational Telecommunications Satellite Organization. Its central bank is a member of theBank for International Settlements, based inBasel.

Switzerland is an active participant in theOrganization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, its foreign minister serving as Chairman-in-Office for 1996. Switzerland also is an active participant in the major nonproliferation and export control regimes.

Although it is surrounded by member nations, Switzerland is not a member nation of theEuropean Union. In 1992 Swiss voters approved membership in theInternational Monetary Fund and theWorld Bank, but later that year rejected theEuropean Economic Area agreement, which the government viewed as a first step toward European Union membership. The Swiss instead take part in theEuropean single market andSchengen throughbilateral treaties.

Participation in peacekeeping

[edit]

While the Swiss electorate did reject a government proposition to directly deploy Swiss troops as UNpeacekeepers (theBlue Helmets) in 1994, a total of 23 Swiss personnel including police and military observers (theBlue Berets) have served or are now serving for theUnited Nations. These dispositions are impartial, clearly defined and cover a number of UN projects around the globe.[6]

In 1996 Switzerland joinedNATO'sPartnership for Peace, theEuro-Atlantic Partnership Council in 1997, and deployedYellow Berets to support theOSCE inBosnia. In June 2001, Swiss voters approved newlegislation providing for the deployment of armed Swiss troops for international peacekeeping missions under UN or OSCE auspices as well as closer international cooperation in military training.

Since 1999, theSwiss army is participating through SWISSCOY in the peace keeping mission of theKosovo Force (KFOR) based onUN-resolution 1244, with prolonged presence until 2014, after approval by theSwiss federal assembly in Spring 2011. Main duties include the supervision of civilian reconstruction efforts, monitoring and protection of patrimonial sites, military police and medical assistance.[7]

Representation of foreign entities and in foreign disputes

[edit]
The ministers of foreign affairs of Germany, the United Kingdom, China, the United States, France, Russia, the European Union and Iran meeting inGeneva for theinterim agreement on the Iranian nuclear programme (2013).

Under a series of treaties concluded after the First World War, Switzerland assumed responsibility for the diplomatic and consular representation ofLiechtenstein, the protection of its borders, and the regulation of its customs.

Due to its long-standing neutrality, Switzerland has served as theprotecting power for many countries, that did not have diplomatic relations with each other. This reached an apex during the Second World War, when Switzerland formally undertook 219 mandates for 35 states, and represented another eight states unofficially.[8] After the Second World War, Switzerland served an additional 67 mandates for various countries, including those between Cuba and other nations in the Western Hemisphere after the 1959Cuban Revolution, between Middle Eastern nations following the outbreak of theYom Kippur War in 1973, and betweenIndia andPakistan prior to the formalization of relations in 1976.

Switzerland also represented Cuba in the United States between 1991 and 2015.[9][check quotation syntax]Today, Switzerland has seven protecting power mandates:

  • United States interests in both Cuba (until 2015) and Iran
  • Cuban interest in the United States (until 2015)
  • Iranian interests in both Canada and Egypt
  • Saudi Arabian and Iranian interests with each other (Iran and Saudi Arabia have direct diplomatic relations since August 2023)[10]
  • Georgian and Russian interests with each other

Switzerland played a key role in brokering a truce agreement between theSudanese Government andSudan People's Liberation Army for theNuba Mountains region, signed after a week's negotiations taking place nearLucerne in January 2002. Switzerland has also sent services to allied troops in theWar in Afghanistan.[11]

Switzerland is also playing a major role in Palestinian politics, trying to act as a mediator between Fatah and Hamas regarding the integration of employees in Gaza. The Swiss diplomatic efforts lead to an agreement called "the Swiss Document" which initially was approved by both Palestinian parties.[12]

Following the2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Switzerland decided to adopt allEU sanctions against Russia. According to the Swiss President Ignazio Cassis, the measures were "unprecedented but consistent with Swiss neutrality". The administration also confirmed that Switzerland would continue to offer its services to find a peaceful solution in the conflict. Switzerland only participates in humanitarian missions and provides relief supplies to the Ukrainian population and neighbouring countries.[13] In August 2022, Russia rejected a proposed Swiss mandate to represent Ukrainian interests in Russia, considering that Switzerland had lost its neutral status.[14]

On 18 April 2023, Federal CouncilorAlain Berset paid an official visit to Berlin,Germany at the invitation of ChancellorOlaf Scholz. At the center of the discussions was the refusal by Switzerland to allow the re-exporting of ammunition and arms to the crisis region in Ukraine. While the talks took place in a friendly atmosphere,Alain Berset insisted on the traditional application ofSwiss neutrality towards the sale of military hardware to Germany for use in that conflict. A number of parliamentary efforts by Swiss lawmakers to allow such sales were already rejected previously.[15]

On 1 May 2023,Saudi Minister of Industry and Mineral Resources Bandar Al-Khorayef made an official visit to theSwiss Confederation, meeting withSwiss State Secretary for Economic Affairs,Helene Budliger Artieda, and Chairwoman of the Board atSwiss Export Risk Insurance (SERV), Barbara Hayoz. The talks were mainly addressing export cooperation between the two nations, and the Saudi minister also held a talk at the meeting of theWorld Economic Forum in January 2023. Switzerland also represented Saudi interests in Iran before diplomatic relations were restored in April 2023.[16][17] Even though the country has a policy of neutrality, Its parliament voted in December 2024 to outlaw bothHamas andHezbollah.[18][19]

Good offices

[edit]

Switzerland is well-known for its "good offices" practices; either acting asmediator directly or supporting negotiations and the mediation of other states or international and regional organisations.[20][21][22]

Diplomatic representations

[edit]

Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which Switzerland maintains diplomatic relations with:

#CountryDate
1France29 November 1516[23]
—Holy See17 August 1586[24]
2Netherlands31 January 1814[25]
3Russia6 March 1814[26]
4Belgium30 September 1845[27]
5United States29 June 1853[28]
6Brazil31 January 1857[29]
7Italy12 February 1860[30]
8Japan6 February 1864[31]
9Portugal5 November 1872[32]
10Venezuela10 April 1878[33]
11Ecuador22 June 1888[34][35]
12Argentina12 September 1891[36]
13United Kingdom1891[37][better source needed]
14Uruguay8 April 1892[38]
15Paraguay27 June 1892[39]
16Peru7 March 1893[40]
17Bolivia29 March 1897[41]
18Cuba18 June 1902[42]
19Panama6 April 1904[43]
20Norway22 January 1906[44]
21Guatemala14 December 1906[45]
22Colombia14 March 1908[46]
23Romania9 May 1911[47]
24Sweden3 September 1915[48]
25Bulgaria31 October 1915[49]
26Serbia10 December 1916[50]
27Greece8 October 1917[51]
28Luxembourg24 November 1917[52]
29Chile31 May 1918[53]
30Denmark26 October 1918[54]
31HungaryFebruary 1919[55]
32Iran4 March 1919[56]
33Poland12 March 1919[57]
34LiechtensteinMarch 1919[58]
35Czech Republic21 June 1919[59]
36Turkey23 March 1925[60]
37Austria18 April 1925[61]
38Finland29 January 1926[62]
39Afghanistan20 April 1928[63]
40Thailand28 May 1931[64]
41Egypt11 March 1935[65]
42Spain14 February 1939[66]
43Ireland16 October 1939[67]
44Haiti29 September 1941[68]
45Canada24 June 1945[69]
46Mexico22 December 1945[70][71]
47Lebanon27 February 1946[72]
48Iraq1 May 1946[73]
49Syria7 May 1946[74]
50Iceland15 July 1947[75]
51India14 August 1948[76]
52Jordan26 March 1949[77]
53Pakistan13 May 1949[78]
54China14 September 1950[79]
55Israel25 June 1951[80]
56Indonesia2 November 1951[81][82]
57South Africa11 March 1952[83]
58Ethiopia2 May 1952[84]
59Germany6 May 1952[85]
60Myanmar19 September 1956[86]
61Sri Lanka5 October 1956[86]
62Tunisia30 October 1956[87]
63   Nepal9 November 1956[86]
64Morocco28 November 1956[88]
65Saudi Arabia29 November 1956[86]
66Costa Rica18 June 1957[89]
67Dominican Republic8 August 1957[90]
68Honduras12 August 1957[91]
69Philippines30 August 1957[92]
70Laos3 September 1957[93]
71Nicaragua30 October 1958[94]
72Monaco27 May 1959[95]
73Somalia5 July 1960[96]
74Ghana19 July 1960[97]
75Guinea19 July 1960[97]
76Liberia19 July 1960[97]
77Togo19 July 1960[97]
78El Salvador22 August 1960[98]
79Nigeria1 October 1960[99]
80Sudan27 December 1960[100]
81Senegal11 April 1961[101]
82Mali26 May 1961[102]
83Mauritania26 May 1961[103]
84Niger26 May 1961[104]
85Ivory Coast1 June 1961[105]
86Australia3 June 1961[106]
87Madagascar13 June 1961[107]
88Libya5 September 1961[108]
89Burkina Faso17 October 1961[109]
90Cameroon9 November 1961[110]
91Benin21 November 1961[111]
92Sierra Leone25 May 1962[112]
93Democratic Republic of the Congo12 October 1962[113]
94Algeria13 November 1962[114]
95New Zealand4 December 1962[115]
96Jamaica12 December 1962[116]
97Malaysia3 January 1963[117]
98South Korea11 February 1963[118]
99Trinidad and Tobago12 July 1963[119]
100Rwanda12 November 1963[120]
101Cyprus3 December 1963[121]
102Chad16 December 1963[122]
103Burundi13 January 1964[123]
104Central African Republic11 February 1964[124]
105Gabon11 February 1964[125]
106Kenya28 February 1964[126]
107Uganda1 March 1964[127]
108Republic of the Congo21 April 1964[125]
109Tanzania26 April 1964[128]
110Mongolia22 May 1964[129]
111Kuwait21 February 1966[130]
112Malta25 March 1966[131]
113Gambia30 March 1966[132]
114Zambia10 June 1966[125]
115Malawi19 May 1966[133]
116Cambodia9 October 1967[134]
117Singapore11 October 1967[135]
118Botswana22 August 1967[136]
119Lesotho22 August 1967[136]
120Equatorial Guinea4 November 1968[137]
121Mauritius11 March 1969[138]
122Eswatini6 August 1969[139]
123Albania20 July 1970[140]
124Vietnam11 October 1971[141]
125Yemen23 February 1972[142]
126Bangladesh14 June 1972[143]
127Bahrain12 September 1973[144]
128Oman12 September 1973[144]
129Qatar12 September 1973[144]
130United Arab Emirates12 September 1973[144]
131Bahamas5 June 1974[145]
132North Korea20 December 1974[146]
133Mozambique12 April 1976[147]
134Papua New Guinea2 June 1976[148]
135Angola30 September 1976[149]
136Comoros1 March 1977[150]
137Guyana24 May 1977[151]
138Suriname11 July 1979[152]
139Saint Vincent and the Grenadines1979[153]
140Barbados4 March 1980[154]
141Cape Verde25 June 1980[155]
142Zimbabwe2 July 1980[156]
143Seychelles10 March 1981[157]
144Maldives23 June 1981[158]
145Samoa1 August 1981[159]
146Grenada1981[160]
147Vanuatu5 May 1982[161]
148Djibouti23 December 1982[162]
149Guinea-Bissau22 February 1983[163]
150Antigua and Barbuda14 December 1983[164]
151BruneiNovember 1984[165]
152São Tomé and Príncipe28 February 1985[166]
153Tonga13 September 1985[167]
154Bhutan16 September 1985[168]
155BelizeJuly 1989[169]
156Fiji1989[170]
157Namibia24 March 1990[171]
158Estonia4 September 1991[172]
159Latvia5 September 1991[173]
160Lithuania5 September 1991[174]
161Azerbaijan21 January 1992[175]
162Croatia30 January 1992[176]
163Slovenia31 January 1992[177]
164Ukraine6 February 1992[178]
165Belarus10 February 1992[179]
166Kyrgyzstan14 February 1992[180]
167Armenia30 April 1992[181]
168Uzbekistan7 May 1992[182]
169Kazakhstan1 June 1992[183]
170Georgia10 June 1992[184]
171Turkmenistan13 July 1992[185]
172Moldova2 September 1992[186]
173Saint Kitts and Nevis17 November 1992[187]
174Tajikistan9 December 1992[188]
175Slovakia1 January 1993[189]
176Bosnia and Herzegovina3 February 1993[190]
177North Macedonia31 January 1994[191]
178Eritrea22 March 1994[192]
179San Marino10 July 1995[193]
180Andorra6 September 1995[194]
181Palau31 August 2001[195]
182Timor-Leste16 September 2002[196]
183Marshall Islands22 January 2003[196]
184Federated States of Micronesia22 April 2003[197]
185Nauru2003[198]
186Kiribati1 June 2004[199]
187Tuvalu4 November 2005[200]
188Dominica2005[201]
189Saint Lucia10 June 2006[202]
190Montenegro5 July 2006[203]
191Solomon Islands20 December 2007[204]
—Kosovo28 March 2008[205]
—Cook Islands7 March 2011[206]
192South Sudan23 May 2012[207]
—Niue9 August 2023[208]

Multilateral

[edit]
OrganizationFormal Relations BeganNotes
European Union1972SeeSwitzerland–European Union relations
NATOSeeSwitzerland–NATO relations

Bilateral relations

[edit]

Africa

[edit]
CountryFormal relations beganNotes
Chad16 December 1963Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 December 1963 when appointed first Ambassador of Switzerland to Chad (resident in Lagos) Mr. Giovanni Enrico Bucher[122]
  • Chad has an embassy inGeneva.
  • Switzerland has a Cooperation Office inN'Djamena.
Egypt11 March 1935SeeEgypt–Switzerland relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 March 1935 when Mr. Henri Martin, first Minister of Switzerland to Egypt, presented his letters of credentials.[209]

  • Egypt has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inCairo.
Kenya28 February 1964SeeKenya–Switzerland relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 February 1964 when appointed first Ambassador of Switzerland to Kenya (resident in Addis Ababa) Mr. Roger Dürr[210]

  • Kenya has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inNairobi.
South Africa11 March 1952SeeSouth Africa–Switzerland relations

Americas

[edit]
CountryFormal relations beganNotes
Argentina12 September 1891SeeArgentina–Switzerland relations
Canada1945SeeCanada–Switzerland relations
ColombiaSeeColombia–Switzerland relations
  • Colombia has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inBogotá.
Dominican Republic1936SeeDominican Republic-Switzerland relations
  • Dominican Republic has an embassy in Bern and a consulate in Zürich
  • Switzerland has an embassy inSanto Domingo
  • The DR is home to the largest Swiss community in theCaribbean
Mexico1827SeeMexico–Switzerland relations
Peru
  • Peru has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inLima
United States1853SeeSwitzerland–United States relations

The first official U.S.–Swiss consular relations were established in the late 1820s. Diplomatic relations were established in 1853 by the U.S. and in 1868 by Switzerland. TheU.S. ambassador to Switzerland is also accredited to thePrincipality of Liechtenstein.

Uruguay1828SeeSwitzerland–Uruguay relations

Both countries share a long history of mutual economic relations, and they established diplomatic relations in 1828.[211][212] Uruguay became a popular destination forSwiss migrants starting in the 1860s.[213] In 1931 Uruguay called for a Swiss style parliamentary system.[214] In the twentieth century, Uruguay has looked to Switzerland as a model for government, historical and cultural ties go back to at least the nineteenth century.[215] There are 956 people with Swiss passports residing in Uruguay in 2009.[216] Uruguay was described as the "Switzerland of the Americas" in a 1951The New York Times article for its popularity as a haven for capital fleeing Europe at the time and its adoption of Swiss-inspired banking laws.[217] Thomas J. Knight also wrote that "Uruguay has for most of its history been the 'Switzerland' of South America."[218]

  • Switzerland has an embassy inMontevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Bern.

Asia

[edit]
CountryFormal relations beganNotes
ArmeniaSeeArmenia–Switzerland relations

Switzerland recognized Armenia as an independent state on 23 December 1991. The two countries have maintained diplomatic relations ever since.

  • Armenia has an embassy in Geneva.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inYerevan.
Azerbaijan21 January 1992SeeAzerbaijan–Switzerland relations
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Bern[219]
  • Switzerland has an embassy inBaku.[220]
ChinaSeeChina–Switzerland relations
India1948SeeIndia–Switzerland relations

India is one of Switzerland's most important partners in Asia. Bilateral and political contacts are constantly developing, and trade and scientific cooperation between the two countries are flourishing.[223] Switzerland was the first country in the World to sign a Friendship treaty with India in 1947.[224]

Indonesia2 November 1951SeeIndonesia–Switzerland relations
  • In 2010, the heads of state of the two countries agreed to launch negotiations on a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement.[225]
  • Switzerland has named Indonesia as one of seven priority countries for economic development co-operation.[226]
  • Indonesia has an embassy inBern, while Switzerland has an embassy in Jakarta, also accredited forEast Timor andASEAN.
  • On 6 December 1973, the Indonesian and Swiss governments signed an agreement to establish Polytechnic for Mechanics within theBandung Institute of Technology at Bandung.[227] Today, the Swiss Mechanics Polytechnic has transformed into Bandung State Polytechnic for Manufacture.
Iran4 March 1919SeeIran–Switzerland relations
  • Iran has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inTehran.
Iraq1 May 1946SeeIraq–Switzerland relations

In November 2000 Switzerland opened a diplomatic liaison office in Baghdad to safeguard its interests. Bilateral relations became closer after theIraq War in 2003.

  • Iraq has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland is accredited to Iraq from its embassy in Amman, Jordan.
IsraelSeeIsrael–Switzerland relations

Switzerland recognized Israel on 25 January 1949 and opened a consulate inTel Aviv.

Malaysia1963SeeMalaysia–Switzerland relations
  • Malaysia has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inKuala Lumpur.
North KoreaDecember 1974[228]SeeNorth Korea–Switzerland relations
  • North Korea has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland is accredited to North Korea from its embassy in Beijing, China.
Northern CyprusNorthern Cyprus has a Representative Office in Geneva.[229]
PakistanSeePakistan–Switzerland relations

Switzerland recognised Pakistan's independence fromGreat Britain in 1947, and the two states established diplomatic relations in 1949.[230] Switzerland ranks fifth in terms of foreign direct investment in Pakistan.[231][232]

  • Pakistan has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inIslamabad and a consulate-general inKarachi.
PalestineSeePalestine–Switzerland relations

Switzerland has a representative office inRamallah.[233]

  • Palestine has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has a representative office inRamallah.
Philippines1957

Bilateral ties between the Philippines and Switzerland dates back to the early 19th century when Swiss traders, missionaries and travelers went to Southeast Asia. A Swiss representation in the Philippines was proposed in 1851, which was realized with the opening of a Swiss honorary consulate in Manila in 1862. Formal relations was established between the two countries on 30 August 1957.[234]

  • Philippines has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inManila.
Singapore
South Korea11 February 1963[235]SeeSouth Korea–Switzerland relations

The establishment of diplomatic relations between South Korea and the Switzerland began on 11 February 1963.

Sri Lanka7 November 1956

SeeSri Lanka-Switzerland relations

  • Sri Lanka has an embassy in Bern,Switzerland.
  • Switzerland has anembassy in Colombo.
Thailand28 May 1931SeeForeign relations of Thailand

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 May 1931.

  • Thailand has an embassy inBern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inBangkok.
TurkeySeeSwitzerland–Turkey relations

Europe

[edit]
CountryFormal relations beganNotes
Austria1687SeeAustria–Switzerland relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inVienna.
  • Both countries are full members of theCouncil of Europe.
Belarus1992
Belgium30 September 1845Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 September 1845 when Constantin Rodenbach has been appointed as first Belgian Charge d'Affaires to Switzerland.[238]
  • Belgium has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inBrussels.
Bulgaria1905
Croatia
Denmark1875SeeDenmark–Switzerland relations
  • Denmark has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inCopenhagen.
Finland
  • Finland has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inHelsinki.
FranceApril 1521SeeFrance–Switzerland relations
Germany1871SeeGermany–Switzerland relations
Greece8 October 1917SeeGreece–Switzerland relations
  • Greece has an embassy in Bern and consulates-general inGeneva.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inAthens.
Italy12 February 1860SeeItaly–Switzerland relations
  • Italy has an embassy in Bern and consulates-general inGeneva,Lugano andZürich and a consulate inBasel.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inRome and a consulate-general inMilan.
KosovoSeeKosovo–Switzerland relations

Switzerlandrecognized Kosovo on 27 February 2008.[244] Switzerland has an embassy inPristina since 28 March 2008.[245] Kosovo will open an embassy inBern. In September 2008, Swiss authorities initially expressed reservation for Designate AmbassadorNaim Mala due to his double nationality[246] but latter accepted him. Switzerland currently has 212 troops serving in Kosovo as peacekeepers in theNATO ledKosovo Force.[247]

LiechtensteinSeeLiechtenstein–Switzerland relations
Moldova2 September 1992SeeMoldova–Switzerland relations
RomaniaSeeRomania–Switzerland relations

Since the 1990s, Switzerland has helped Romania financially, for a total sum of 140 million Swiss Francs between 1996 and 2006, and an additional 23 million Francs in 2006–2007. Switzerland has become the 12th largest foreign investor in Romania.[248] In 2005, Romania exported goods to Switzerland for a total of 206 million Swiss Francs, with Switzerland exporting for 547 million Swiss Francs to Romania, making Romania the biggest partner of Switzerland in South-West Europe.[249] By 2006, this had increased by 26% from Romania and 38% from Switzerland.[250]

  • Romania has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inBucharest.
Russia1816SeeRussia–Switzerland relations

Switzerland opened a consulate inSaint Petersburg in 1816, upgrading it to a legation 90 years later. The two countries broke off diplomatic relations in 1923, when Russia was going through a period of revolutionary turmoil – and they were not resumed until 1946.

Serbia1916SeeSerbia–Switzerland relations
SpainSeeSpain–Switzerland relations
  • Spain has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy inMadrid.
Ukraine1991SeeSwitzerland–Ukraine relations
United Kingdom1891SeeSwitzerland–United Kingdom relations
British Prime MinisterRishi Sunak withSwiss PresidentViola Amherd at aUkraine peace summit inBürgenstock Resort, June 2024.

Switzerland establisheddiplomatic relations with the United Kingdom in 1891.[37][better source needed]

Both countries share common membership of theCouncil of Europe,European Court of Human Rights, theInternational Criminal Court,OECD,OSCE, and theWorld Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have the Berne Financial Services Agreement,[37] a Double Taxation Convention,[256] and aTrade Agreement.[257] Both two countries are currently negotiating aFree Trade Agreement.[258]

Oceania

[edit]
CountryFormal relations beganNotes
Australia1961SeeAustralia–Switzerland relations

Switzerland opened a consulate inSydney in 1855 and one inMelbourne in 1856. Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1961.

New Zealand1963

Switzerland opened a consulate inAuckland in 1912. Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1963.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^(in French) François Modoux, "La Suisse engagera 300 millions pour rénover le Palais des Nations",Le Temps, Friday 28 June 2013, page 9.
  2. ^"Why did Switzerland only join the United Nations in 2002?".IamExpat.ch. 24 October 2022. Retrieved10 April 2023.
  3. ^"Switzerland and the UN: a long history".Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. 26 June 2020. Retrieved11 April 2023.
  4. ^"Switzerland elected to UN Security Council".SWI swissinfo.ch. 9 June 2022. Retrieved9 June 2022.
  5. ^"Switzerland confirms UN Security Council priorities". 31 August 2022.
  6. ^International peace-keeping operations.Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. Federal Administration admin.ch. Retrieved 22 December 2013.
  7. ^"SWISSCOY (Kosovo)". Archived fromthe original on 4 December 2013. Retrieved23 December 2013.Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sport. Federal Administration admin.ch. Retrieved 22 December 2013.
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