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Foreign relations of San Marino

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

San Marino is an independent and sovereign member of the international community. It maintains an extensive diplomatic network relative to its diminutive size, as well as an active foreign policy and international presence.

International organizations

[edit]

Among other international organizations, San Marino is a full member of the following international organizations:

It also cooperates withUNICEF and theUnited Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and has official relations with theEuropean Union.[1][2][3]

From May 10 until November 6, 1990, San Marino held the semi-annual presidency of theCommittee of Ministers of the Council of Europe. The second San Marino Chairmanship of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe was from November 2006 until May 2007.

Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which San Marino maintains diplomatic relations with: (consular relations withHaiti)

#CountryDate[4]
–Holy SeeApril 1926[5][6]
1France15 May 1965
2Italy1973[7]
3Romania18 May 1974
4Albania21 June 1976
5Iran30 July 1976
6Iceland28 October 1978
7Democratic Republic of the Congo14 May 1984
8Belgium26 March 1985
–Sovereign Military Order of Malta4 March 1986
9Austria2 April 1987
10Sweden13 December 1988
11Egypt27 April 1989
12Czech Republic15 April 1991
13Hungary24 May 1991
14China18 June 1991
15Slovenia14 January 1992
16Spain29 April 1992
17Brunei10 June 1992
18Jordan13 July 1992
19Cyprus20 October 1992
20Denmark3 November 1992
21Slovakia1 January 1993
22Croatia11 February 1993[8]
23South Africa30 April 1993
24Georgia23 July 1993
25Russia30 September 1993
26Argentina6 October 1994[9]
27Poland14 November 1994
28Ireland13 January 1995
29Portugal27 March 1995[10]
30  Switzerland10 July 1995
31Finland17 July 1995[11]
32Malta17 July 1995
33Australia13 September 1995
34Germany15 September 1995
35Israel30 October 1995
36Ukraine30 October 1995[12]
37Andorra30 November 1995[13]
38Netherlands1995[14]
39Japan27 May 1996
40Cuba28 May 1996
41Bosnia and Herzegovina21 November 1996
42Norway11 December 1996
43Canada24 November 1997
44United Kingdom18 November 1998
45Uruguay22 September 1999[10]
46Libya20 October 1999
47Greece22 November 1999
48Latvia7 March 2000[15]
49Bulgaria17 April 2000
50South Korea25 September 2000
51Luxembourg8 February 2001
52Guatemala14 February 2002
53Seychelles14 March 2002
54Colombia15 April 2002[16]
55Azerbaijan19 April 2002
56Algeria13 February 2003[17]
57Lithuania6 March 2003[18]
58Paraguay3 April 2003
59Philippines3 April 2003
60Serbia3 April 2003
61Qatar3 May 2003
62Thailand12 September 2003
63Estonia15 October 2003
64Brazil20 November 2003[19]
65Panama22 January 2004
66Malaysia29 January 2004
67Kazakhstan20 September 2004[20]
68Kyrgyzstan20 September 2004[21]
69Moldova28 September 2004[10]
70Morocco14 October 2004
71Gambia29 October 2004
72Yemen22 February 2005
73North Korea14 March 2005
74Belize15 March 2005[22]
75Peru4 July 2005[23]
76   Nepal10 August 2005[24]
77Turkey12 October 2005[25]
78Eritrea28 October 2005
79Singapore9 December 2005
80Tunisia17 December 2005
81Armenia21 March 2006[26]
82Monaco26 March 2006[27]
83Pakistan12 April 2006[28]
84Senegal17 October 2006
85Bahamas22 November 2006[10]
86United States22 November 2006[29]
87El Salvador18 January 2007[30]
88Montenegro29 March 2007
89Mongolia30 March 2007
90Mexico22 May 2007
91Vietnam6 July 2007[31]
92Mauritania16 November 2007
93Costa Rica19 February 2008[32]
94Ghana5 November 2008
95Belarus9 February 2009[33]
96Ecuador26 March 2009
97Angola30 March 2009[10]
98Saudi Arabia31 March 2009[10]
99United Arab Emirates6 July 2009
100Chile11 July 2009
101Nicaragua2 October 2009
102Lebanon13 November 2009[10]
103Lesotho30 November 2010
104Cambodia12 April 2011[34]
105India26 September 2011
106Indonesia26 September 2011[35]
107Timor-Leste7 October 2011
108Liechtenstein21 October 2011
109Iraq9 December 2011
—Kosovo3 May 2012[36]
110Sri Lanka7 June 2012[37]
111Fiji15 March 2013[38]
112Tuvalu19 March 2013[39]
113New Zealand29 April 2013[40]
114Dominican Republic1 October 2013
115Honduras16 December 2013[39]
116Maldives24 April 2014[41]
117Venezuela10 November 2014
118Kuwait17 December 2014
119Bangladesh31 May 2017
120Ivory Coast9 November 2017
121Mauritius20 April 2018[10]
122Tajikistan3 August 2018[42]
123Federated States of Micronesia25 September 2018[43]
124Saint Kitts and Nevis25 September 2018[44]
125Vanuatu25 September 2018[45]
126Palau26 September 2018[45]
127Oman26 September 2018[46]
128Republic of the Congo27 September 2018[45]
129Ethiopia7 November 2018[45]
130Antigua and Barbuda12 December 2018[46]
131Laos17 December 2018[10]
132Benin22 January 2019[46]
133Guyana17 February 2019[47]
134Samoa28 February 2019[48]
135Togo28 February 2019[46]
136Saint Vincent and the Grenadines24 September 2019[46]
137Bahrain25 September 2019[46]
138Bolivia25 September 2019[46]
139Cape Verde25 September 2019[49]
140North Macedonia26 September 2019[50]
141Barbados3 October 2019[51]
142Suriname8 October 2019[46]
143Saint Lucia7 February 2020[46]
144Jamaica29 September 2020[10]
145Uganda23 October 2020[10]
146Uzbekistan6 February 2021[52]
147Kenya12 May 2021[53]
148Dominica2 August 2021[54]
149Kiribati20 October 2021[55][10]
150Madagascar1 February 2023[10]
151Malawi8 December 2023[10]
152Burundi27 September 2024[56]
153Marshall Islands28 September 2024[57]
154Tonga25 February 2025[58]
155Solomon Islands4 April 2025[59]

UN Secretary General visits and remarks

[edit]

On 31 March-1 April 2013,United Nations Secretary-GeneralBan Ki-moon was the official orator on the occasion of the newly elected Captains Regent. “Although this country is small, your importance to the United Nations stands as tall asMount Titano,” the Secretary-General told the country's highest officials, the two Captains Regent, in reference to the country's 739 meter UNESCO World Heritage Site. Mr. Ban also noted that the country accepted five times as many refugees as its population during the Second World War, and praised its emphasis on protecting human rights.[60] This was the second visit to San Marino by a UN Secretary General, the first having been byBoutrous Boutrous-Gali's visit in 1996.

Multilateral relations

[edit]
OrganizationFormal Relations BeganNotes
European UnionSeeSan Marino–European Union relations

Bilateral relations

[edit]
CountryFormal relations began onNotes
Andorra30 November 1995[4]
  • Andorra is accredited to San Marino from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs based inAndorra la Vella.
  • San Marino does not have an accreditation to Andorra.
Armenia17 October 2006[4]
  • Armenia is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino is accredited to Armenia from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in San Marino.
Austria2 April 1987[4]
  • Austria is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy and maintains an honorary consulate in theCity of San Marino.
  • San Marino has an embassy inVienna.
Azerbaijan19 April 2002[61]
  • Azerbaijan is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino maintains an honorary consulate inBaku.
Belgium26 March 1985[4]
  • Belgium is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino has an embassy inBrussels.
Bosnia and Herzegovina21 November 1996[4]
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino has an embassy inSarajevo.
Bulgaria
  • Bulgaria is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino is accredited to Bulgaria from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in San Marino.
Canada1926[4]
  • Canada is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino is accredited to Canada from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations inNew York City.
China6 May 1971[4]SeeChina–San Marino relations
  • China is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino is accredited to China from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in San Marino.
Denmark3 November 1992[4]
  • Denmark is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino is accredited to Denmark from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in San Marino.
Finland27 February 1996[4]
  • Finland is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino is accredited to Finland from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in San Marino.
France15 May 1965[4]
  • France is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy and maintains an honorary consulate in the City of San Marino.
  • San Marino has an embassy inParis.
Germany1 October 1995[62]SeeGermany–San Marino relations
  • Germany is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino is accredited to Germany from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in San Marino.
Greece20 November 1979[4]
  • Greece is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino is accredited to Greece from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in San Marino.
Holy See18 January 1986[4]
  • Holy See has an Apostolic Nunciature in theCity of San Marino.
  • San Marino has an embassy inRome to the Holy See.
ItalySeeItaly–San Marino relations
  • Italy has an embassy in the City of San Marino.
  • San Marino has an embassy inRome.
Indonesia9 December 2011[4]
  • Indonesia is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino had an embassy inJakarta.
Japan1961[4]
  • Japan is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino has an embassy inTokyo.
Malta7 December 1981[4]
  • Malta is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino is accredited to Malta from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in San Marino.
Monaco1 June 2006[4]
  • Monaco is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino is accredited to Monaco from its Permanent Mission to theCouncil of Europe inStrasbourg, France.
Mexico17 January 1977[4]
  • Mexico is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy, and maintains an honorary consulate in the City of San Marino.
  • San Marino is accredited to Mexico from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations inNew York City.
Netherlands
  • Netherlands is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino is accredited to Netherlands from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in San Marino.
Poland3 December 1979[4]
  • Poland is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino is accredited to Poland from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in San Marino.
Romania18 May 1974
  • Romania is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • San Marino is accredited to Romania from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in San Marino.
Russia30 September 1993[4]
  • Russia is accredited to San Marino from its embassy inRome,Italy.
  • San Marino is accredited to Russia from its embassy in Rome, Italy.[63]

On 1 March 2023, the Grand and General Council of San Marino authorised the country's government to takesanctions against Russia for the invasion of Ukraine.Russia has included San Marino in anUnfriendly List.

South Korea22 August 2000[4]
Spain31 March 1978[4]
  • San Marino has an embassy inMadrid.
  • Spain is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
 Switzerland10 July 1995[4]
  • San Marino is accredited to Switzerland from its Permanent Mission to theUnited Nations inGeneva.
  • Switzerland is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
Turkey17 December 2005[4]SeeSan Marino–Turkey relations
  • San Marino is accredited to Turkey from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in San Marino.
  • Turkey is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
Ukraine24 March 1995[4]
  • San Marino is accredited to Ukraine from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs in San Marino.
  • Ukraine is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
United Kingdom18 November 1998[4]SeeSan Marino–United Kingdom relations

San Marino establisheddiplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 18 November 1998.

  • San Marino does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to San Marino through an embassy; the UK develops relations through itsembassy in Rome, Italy.[65]

Both countries share common membership of theCouncil of Europe,European Court of Human Rights, theInternational Criminal Court,OSCE, theUnited Nations, and theWorld Health Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention, and a Tax Information Exchange Agreement.[66]

United States16 January 1925[4]SeeSan Marino–United States relations
  • San Marino is accredited to the United States from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations inNew York City.
  • United States is accredited to San Marino from its embassy in Rome, Italy.

United States was the first non-European state recognizing official diplomatic relations with San Marino.[67]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"/eeas.europa.eu".
  2. ^"San Marino: Thanks but No Thanks, EU Accession!". europeanpublicaffairs.eu. 21 October 2013. Retrieved11 April 2017.
  3. ^"UNICEF. At a glance: San Marino". unicef.org. 2 February 2007. Archived fromthe original on 26 July 2019. Retrieved11 April 2017.
  4. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaa"Rapporti bilaterali della Repubblica di San Marino".Minister of Foreign Affairs, Political Affairs, International Economic Cooperation and Digital Transition (in Italian).Archived from the original on 2 October 2025. Retrieved19 October 2025.
  5. ^"Diplomatic relations of the Holy See". Retrieved5 September 2022.
  6. ^"Republic of San Marino and the Holy See: towards the Centenary of Diplomatic Relations (1926-2026) by Michelangelo De Donà". Retrieved26 April 2025.
  7. ^Ispi - Annuario Di Politica Internazionale 1973 (in Italian). 1973. p. 1167.
  8. ^"Datumi priznanja i uspostave diplomatskih odnosa".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Croatia (in Croatian). Retrieved29 October 2024.
  9. ^Mensaje presidencial del ... a la Honorable Asamblea (in Spanish). 1995. p. 64.
  10. ^abcdefghijklmn"Diplomatic relations between San Marino and ..."United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved3 December 2021.
  11. ^"Countries and regions A–Z". Archived fromthe original on 30 September 2012. Retrieved5 July 2025.
  12. ^"Relazione politiche".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine (in Italian). 25 March 2021. Retrieved3 December 2021.
  13. ^"Diplomatic relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Andorra. Retrieved3 July 2021.
  14. ^"Nederlandse diplomatieke vertegenwoordiging in Italië te Rome en consulaat-generaal in Italië te Milaan" (in Dutch).hdl:10648/77503665-aeba-0d94-e053-09f0900ae65e. Retrieved5 January 2022.Nederland heeft sinds 1995 diplomatieke betrekkingen met San Marino.
  15. ^"Dates of establishment and renewal of diplomatic relations".mfa.gov.lv. 1 July 2021. Retrieved5 October 2022.
  16. ^"Europa" (in Spanish). Retrieved29 June 2023.
  17. ^"Foreign policy - bilateral relations".Archived from the original on 28 November 2024. Retrieved29 December 2024.
  18. ^"List of countries with which Lithuania has established diplomatic relations".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Lithuania. Retrieved2 February 2024.
  19. ^"Acordo bilaterale - Exchange of Notes on the establishment of official diplomatic relations". Retrieved30 January 2024.
  20. ^Government of Kazakhstan (10 December 2013)."Страны, установившие дипломатические отношения с Республикой Казахстан".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kazakhstan (in Russian). Archived fromthe original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved30 April 2022.
  21. ^"Список стран, с которыми КР установил дипломатические отношения" (in Russian). Retrieved10 October 2021.
  22. ^"Diplomatic Relations"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 30 December 2017. Retrieved30 December 2016.
  23. ^"Perú y San Marino celebran 20 aniversario de relaciones diplomáticas" (in Spanish). 11 July 2025. Retrieved13 July 2025.
  24. ^"Bilateral Relations".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Nepal. Retrieved25 June 2021.
  25. ^"Relations between Turkey and San Marino". Retrieved2 December 2021.
  26. ^"Bilateral relations".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia.Archived from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved30 August 2023.
  27. ^Principaute de Monaco (2007)."Rapport de Politique Extérieure 2007".Département des Relations Extérieures (in French). p. 44. Retrieved11 October 2020.
  28. ^"Ministry of Foreign Affairs". Mofa.gov.pk. Archived fromthe original on 3 March 2012. Retrieved24 November 2012.
  29. ^"A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: San Marino". Retrieved21 July 2023.
  30. ^"REGISTRO DE FECHAS DE ESTABLECIMIENTO DE RD" (in Spanish). Archived fromthe original on 15 January 2025. Retrieved9 March 2022.
  31. ^"Bilateral relations". Retrieved3 December 2021.
  32. ^"Costa Rica y la República de San Marino acordaron el establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas". Archived fromthe original on 3 March 2008. Retrieved10 February 2024.
  33. ^"9 February 2009".Belarus, San Marino establish diplomatic relations. Archived fromthe original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved3 December 2021.
  34. ^"LIST OF MEMBER STATES OF THE UNITED NATIONS (193) HAVING DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH CAMBODIA".mfaic.gov.kh. Retrieved2 October 2021.
  35. ^"Bilateral Relations".RSM Indonesia. Retrieved11 February 2024.
  36. ^Gëzim Visoka (2018).Acting Like a State: Kosovo and the Everyday Making of Statehood. Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 219–221.ISBN 9781138285330.
  37. ^"Diplomatic relations". Archived fromthe original on 4 August 2024. Retrieved10 July 2022.
  38. ^"Formal diplomatic relations list"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 27 August 2019. Retrieved31 March 2018.
  39. ^ab"E' convocata una sessione del CONSIGLIO GRANDE E GENERALE che si terrà nei giornidi giovedì 10 aprile dalle ore 13.00 alle ore 20.00..." (in Italian). Retrieved3 December 2013.
  40. ^"Ratifica dell'Accordo tra la Repubblica di San Marino e la Nuova Zelanda sulle relazioni diplomatiche" (in Italian). Retrieved3 December 2021.
  41. ^"Countries with which the Republic of Maldives has established Diplomatic Relations"(PDF).Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Maldives. 30 March 2021. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 16 May 2021. Retrieved2 April 2021.
  42. ^"LIST OF STATES WITH WHICH THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS"(PDF). November 2018. Retrieved30 April 2021.
  43. ^"FSM Diplomatic Relations List". Government of the Federated States of Micronesia.
  44. ^"Diplomatic Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Saint Kitts and Nevis. Retrieved1 April 2021.
  45. ^abcd"Relazione sugli Accordi di Stabilimento della relazioni diplomatiche" (in Italian). Retrieved3 December 2021.
  46. ^abcdefghi"16-17-18-21-22-23-24 settembre 2020" (in Italian). pp. 15–16. Retrieved3 December 2021.
  47. ^"Guyana establishes diplomatic ties with San Marino".Guyana Chronicle. 17 February 2019. Retrieved21 April 2021.
  48. ^"Accordo tra la Repubblica di San Marino e lo Stato Indipendente di Samoa sullo stabilimento delle relazioni diplomatiche, firmato a New York il 28 febbraio 2019 – Consiglio Grande e Generale".consigliograndeegenerale.sm (in Italian). Retrieved13 July 2019.
  49. ^"RATIFICA DELL'ACCORDO TRA LA REPUBBLICA DI SAN MARINO E LA REPUBBLICA DI CABO VERDE SULLO STABILIMENTO DELLE RELAZIONI DIPLOMATICHE" (in Italian). Retrieved3 December 2021.
  50. ^"Ratifica dell'Accordo tra la Repubblica di San Marino e la Repubblica di Macedonia del Nord sullo stabilimento delle relazioni diplomatiche".esteri.sm (in Italian). Retrieved3 April 2021.
  51. ^"Relazione CGG stabilimento relazioni diplomatiche RSM - JamaicaApri".Esteri.sm (in Italian). Retrieved18 April 2021.Accordo tra la Repubblica di San Marino e la Jamaica sullo stabilimento delle relazioni diplomatiche, concluso tramite Scambio di Note del 22 giugno 2020.
  52. ^"Uzbekistan, San Marino establish diplomatic relations". 6 February 2021. Retrieved3 December 2021.
  53. ^"Stabilimento delle relazioni diplomatiche con la Repubblica del Kenya" (in Italian). Retrieved3 December 2021.
  54. ^"Stabilimento delle relazioni diplomatiche con il Commonwealth della Dominica" (in Italian). Retrieved21 August 2021.
  55. ^"Agreement between the Republic of San Marino and the Republic of Kiribati on the establishment of diplomatic relations". Retrieved8 June 2022.
  56. ^"Ce 27 septembre 2024, le Ministre des Affaires Etrangères et de la Coopération au Développement Son Excellence Ambassadeur Albert SHINGIRO vient de signer avec le Ministre des Relations étrangères de la République de Saint-Marin un Accord sur l'établissement des relations diplomatiques entre la République du Burundi et la République de Saint-Marin..." (in French). 27 September 2024. Retrieved28 September 2024.
  57. ^"The Republic of the Marshall Islands Establish Diplomatic Relations with San Marino".Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Republic of the Marshall Islands on Facebook. 30 September 2024. Retrieved1 October 2024.
  58. ^"Tonga establishes diplomatic ties with San Marino".matangitonga.to. 3 March 2025. Retrieved3 March 2025.
  59. ^"Solomon Islands and San Marino signs Agreement to establish diplomatic relations". 8 April 2025. Retrieved8 April 2025.
  60. ^https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=44531&Cr=San+Marino&Cr1=#.UV9F_o5FsV8 UN News Centre
  61. ^"San Marino".mfa.gov.az. Retrieved20 January 2021.
  62. ^"San Marino: Steckbrief".
  63. ^"San Marino".
  64. ^"국가/지역 검색 | 외교부".
  65. ^"British embassy or high commission in San Marino".GOV.UK.Archived from the original on 19 October 2025. Retrieved19 October 2025.
  66. ^HM Revenue and Customs (6 October 2021)."San Marino: tax treaties".GOV.UK.Archived from the original on 31 July 2025. Retrieved19 October 2025.
  67. ^Storia di San Marino (History of San Marino) (Rimini: Bookstone, 2022), pp. 127-128)

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