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Foreign relations of Papua New Guinea

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Papua New Guinea's foreign policy reflects close ties withAustralia and other traditional allies and cooperative relations with neighboring countries. Its views on international political and economic issues are generally moderate.

Papua New Guinea belongs to a variety of regional organizations, including theAsia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum; theASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) (Papua New Guinea is an observer member of theASEAN); theSouth Pacific Commission; thePacific Islands Forum; theMelanesian Spearhead Group and the South Pacific Regional Environmental Program (SPREP).

Papua New Guinea has been a member ofThe Forum of Small States (FOSS) since the group's founding in 1992.[1]

Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which Papua New Guinea maintains diplomatic relations with:

#CountryDate
1Australia16 September 1975[2]
2United Kingdom16 September 1975[2]
3Indonesia16 September 1975[2]
4New Zealand16 September 1975[2]
5Fiji16 September 1975[2]
6Philippines16 September 1975[2]
7United States16 September 1975[2]
8Japan16 September 1975[2]
9Thailand14 May 1976[2]
10Russia19 May 1976[2]
11Romania19 May 1976[2]
12Singapore19 May 1976[2]
13South Korea19 May 1976[2]
14India19 May 1976[2]
15Mexico19 May 1976[2]
16Serbia23 May 1976[2]
17North Korea1 June 1976[2]
18  Switzerland2 June 1976[2]
19Mongolia16 June 1976[2]
20France22 June 1976[2]
21Austria24 June 1976[2]
22Malaysia12 July 1976[2]
23Canada9 August 1976[2]
24Norway9 August 1976[3]
25Chile23 August 1976[2]
26Netherlands25 August 1976[2]
27Germany16 September 1976[2]
28Belgium16 September 1976[2]
29Pakistan4 October 1976[4]
30China12 October 1976[2]
31Portugal15 October 1976[2]
32Sweden10 November 1976[2]
33Hungary15 January 1977[5]
34GreeceJanuary 1977[6][7]
—Holy See7 March 1977[2]
35Ghana22 August 1977[8]
36Iraq27 August 1977[9]
37Finland31 August 1977[10]
38Luxembourg15 October 1977[11]
39DenmarkFebruary 1978[12]
40Poland10 February 1978[13]
41Cyprus20 April 1978[14]
42Costa Rica28 April 1978[15]
43Israel1 May 1978[16]
44Solomon Islands17 August 1978[17]
45Spain28 August 1978[18]
46Argentina6 November 1978[19]
47Italy30 April 1979[20]
48Turkey30 May 1979[21]
49Samoa27 August 1979[22]
50TuvaluJanuary 1980[23]
51Tanzania29 March 1980[24][25]
52Vanuatu30 July 1980[26]
53NigeriaAugust 1982[27]
54TongaAugust 1982[27]
55Sri Lanka17 November 1982[28]
56KiribatiBefore1982[29]
57Bangladesh20 June 1983[30]
58Peru14 September 1983[31]
59Brunei1 May 1984[32]
60Colombia2 March 1988[19]
61ZimbabweMay 1988[33]
62Marshall Islands21 September 1988[34]
63Federated States of Micronesia21 September 1988[35]
64Czech Republic20 October 1988[36]
65Maldives22 December 1988[19]
66Nauru1988[37]
67Brazil27 April 1989[19]
68Cuba13 October 1989[38][39]
69Vietnam3 November 1989[40]
70Laos6 April 1990[19]
71Namibia30 April 1990[19]
72Venezuela1 January 1991[41]
73Jamaica16 April 1991[42]
74Myanmar24 July 1991[19]
75Albania28 August 1991[43]
77Palau1 October 1994[44]
76South Africa7 October 1994[19]
—State of Palestine13 January 1995[19]
77Kuwait5 April 1995[45]
—Cook Islands1995[46]
78Panama3 May 1996[19]
79Cambodia7 October 1996[19]
80Croatia5 December 1997[19]
81Slovakia29 October 1999[47]
82Timor-Leste19 July 2002[48]
83Iceland12 August 2004[19]
84Slovenia9 February 2010[49]
85Botswana2010[50]
86   Nepal12 April 2013[51]
—Niue9 December 2014[52]
87Egypt19 May 2016[53]
88Paraguay21 September 2016[19]
89Estonia4 October 2016[54]
90Georgia4 October 2016[55]
91Qatar22 February 2017[19]
92United Arab Emirates22 March 2017[19]
93Malta6 October 2017[56]
94Latvia9 May 2018[19]
95Morocco28 September 2018[57]
96Ireland26 October 2020[58]
97Nicaragua17 February 2023[19]
98Kazakhstan24 March 2023[19]
99Azerbaijan5 May 2023[19]
100Bahrain1 June 2023[19]
101Bulgaria14 February 2025[19]
102Kyrgyzstan23 September 2025[59]
103Ukraine25 September 2025[60]

Bilateral relations

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Australia16 September 1975SeeAustralia–Papua New Guinea relations

Relations with Australia were strained in 2006 when Prime Minister SirMichael Somare was accused of having facilitatedJulian Moti's escape to theSolomon Islands.[61] Moti was wanted in Australia for serious alleged child sex offences. In retaliation, the Australian government banned Somare from entering Australia; all talks betweenCanberra andPort Moresby were suspended. In September 2007, relations began to thaw,[62] and in December 2007, the new Australian Prime Minister,Kevin Rudd, met Sir Michael inBali. Rudd announced what appears to be a normalisation of relations: "This relationship has been through a very difficult period in recent times. There has in effect been a freeze on ministerial contact between the two governments. I do not believe that's an appropriate way for the future."[63]

Canada9 August 1976
  • Canada is accredited to Papua New Guinea from its High Commission in Canberra, Australia.[66]
  • Papua New Guinea is accredited to Canada from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.[67]
China12 October 1976SeeChina–Papua New Guinea relations

The Independent State of Papua New Guinea and the People's Republic of China (PRC) established official diplomatic relations in 1976, soon after Papua New Guinea became independent. The two countries currently maintain diplomatic, economic and, to a lesser degree, military relations. Relations are cordial; China is a significant provider of both investments and development aid to Papua New Guinea.

Cuba13 October 1989

In the late 2000s, Papua New Guinea began to strengthen its relations withCuba. Cuba provides medical aid to the country.[68] In September 2008, a PNG government representative attended thefirst Cuba-Pacific Islands ministerial meeting inHavana, aimed at "strengthening cooperation" between Cuba andPacific Island countries, notably in coping with the effects of climate change.[69]

Cyprus20 April 1978
Fiji16 September 1975

As of November 2005, relations with Pacific neighbor Fiji have been strained by revelations that a number ofFijian mercenaries have been operating illegally on the island ofBougainville, arming and training a rebelmilitia. Both Fiji and Papua New Guinea are full members of theCommonwealth of Nations.

France22 June 1976SeeFrance–Papua New Guinea relations

Official diplomatic relations were established in 1976. Papua New Guinea is a member of theUnited Nations'Special Committee on Decolonization. The French government has noted what it calls Port Moresby's "moderate" attitude on the issue of the decolonisation ofNew Caledonia - which, like Papua New Guinea, is located inMelanesia.[71] TheFrench National Assembly maintains a Friendship Group with Papua New Guinea.

India19 May 1976SeeIndia-Papua New Guinea Relations
  • India has a High Commission in Port Moresby.[72]
  • Papua New Guinea maintains a High Commission inNew Delhi.[73]
Indonesia16 September 1975SeeIndonesia–Papua New Guinea relations

Western New Guinea (which consists of six Indonesian provinces:Papua,West Papua,Central Papua,Highland Papua,South Papua, andSouthwest Papua) and Papua New Guinea share a 760-kilometre (470 mi) border that has raised tensions and ongoing diplomatic issues over many decades.[74] Indonesia is represented in Papua New Guinea with an embassy inPort Moresby and a consulate inVanimo. Reciprocally, Papua New Guinea has an Ambassador inJakarta and a Consul-General inJayapura.

Japan16 September 1975

Diplomatic relations between Japan and Papua New Guinea were established on 16 September 1975, the date Papua-New Guinea became independent. Japan maintains an embassy at Port Moresby. Papua-New Guinea is currently the largest recipient of Japanese foreign aid in the Pacific. Ministerial level visits are frequent between the two countries.[75] Reciprocally, Papua New Guinea has an embassy inTokyo.

Kuwait5 April 1995Diplomatic relations between both countries established 5 April 1995 when first Ambassador of Kuwait to Papua New Guinea with residence in Tokyo Mr.Suhail K. Shuhaiber presented his credentials to Governor General of Papua New Guinea Sir Wiwa Korowi.[45]
Mexico19 May 1976SeeMexico–Papua New Guinea relations
  • Mexico is accredited to Papua New Guinea from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.[76]
  • Papua New Guinea is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.[67]
New Zealand16 September 1975SeeNew Zealand–Papua New Guinea relations
Philippines16 September 1975

In March 2009, The Philippines and Papua New Guinea entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) that would enhance the cooperation between the two countries on the development of fisheries. The MoU will facilitate technology transfer in aquaculture development, promotion of shipping ventures, investments, technical training, joint research, and "strategic complementation" of each country's plans in the "Coral Triangle" – or the waters between the Philippines, Indonesia, and the Pacific Islands.[79] In the same year, Papua New Guinea asked the Philippines for help in its pursuit of membership toASEAN.[80][81]

Poland10 February 1978SeePapua New Guinea–Poland relations.
Serbia23 May 1976

Both countries have established diplomatic relations in 1976.[82]Papua New Guinea recognized Kosovo as independent from 3 October 2012 until withdrawing its recognition on 5 July 2018.

South Korea19 May 1976SeePapua New Guinea–South Korea relations.

The Independent State of Papua New Guinea and the Republic of Korea have established diplomatic relations on 19 May 1976.[83]

  • Papua New Guinea and South Korea have good relations.
    • Papua New Guinean embassy inSeoul.[84]
    • South Korean embassy in Port Moresby.[85]
  • South Koreans of Long-Term Residents in Papua New Guinea was about around 201 in 2019.
Spain28 August 1978SeePapua New Guinea–Spain relations.
  • Papua New Guinea is accredited to Spain from its embassy in Brussels, Belgium.
  • Spain is accredited to Papua New Guinea from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.
Turkey30 May 1979[86]
United Kingdom16 September 1975SeePapua New Guinea–United Kingdom relations
Papua New Guinean Prime MinisterJames Marape withBritish Foreign SecretaryJames Cleverly in Port Moresby, April 2023.

Papua New Guinea establisheddiplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 16 September 1975.[87] Both countries areCommonwealth Realms.

The UK governedPapua New Guinea from 1884 until 1906, when the territory was transferred to Australia.

Both countries share common membership of theCommonwealth, theInternational Criminal Court, theUnited Nations, and theWorld Trade Organization, as well as thePacific States–United Kingdom Economic Partnership Agreement,[90] Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.,[91] an Investment Agreement.[92] and a Security Agreement,[93]

United States16 September 1975SeePapua New Guinea–United States relations

The U.S. and Papua New Guinea are signatories to theU.S.-Pacific Islands Multilateral Tuna Fisheries Treaty, under which the U.S. grants $63 million per year to Pacific Island parties and the latter provide access for U.S. fishing vessels. The U.S. also supports Papua New Guinea's efforts to protectbiodiversity; theInternational Coral Reef Initiative is aimed at protecting reefs in tropical nations such as Papua New Guinea.

Papua New Guinea and the Commonwealth of Nations

[edit]

Papua New Guinea has been amember state of the Commonwealth of Nations since 1975, when it gained independence from Australia under the terms of theAustralian Parliament'sPapua New Guinea Independence Act 1975.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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