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Foreign relations of Kosovo

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Constitution andlaw

Foreign relations ofKosovo are accomplished by efforts of theMinistry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. Kosovo operates 33 embassies abroad and is host to 22 embassies inPristina. Kosovo has membership in several international organisations.

On 17 February 2008, members of theAssembly of Kosovodeclared independence fromSerbia. This move was controversial among the international community. International supervision over the direction of the assembly ended in September 2012,[1] and Kosovo became responsible for its own governance.[2] The Republic of Kosovo has beenrecognised by 109 UN member states, theRepublic of China (Taiwan), theCook Islands, andNiue.

The currentForeign Minister of Kosovo isDonika Gërvalla-Schwarz.

Status of diplomatic relations

[edit]

TheMinistry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo has initiated the process of establishing diplomatic relations with allstates that have recognised Republic of Kosovo, either by opening new missions or through accreditation of non-resident ambassadors to these countries.[3]

Diplomatic relations

[edit]
#Country[4]Date
1United States18 February 2008
2France18 February 2008
3Albania18 February 2008
4Turkey18 February 2008
5United Kingdom18 February 2008
6Germany21 February 2008[5]
7Austria28 February 2008
8Denmark6 March 2008
9Monaco19 March 2008
10Sweden28 March 2008
11  Switzerland28 March 2008
12Belgium10 April 2008
—Nauru (suspended)23 April 2008
13Estonia24 April 2008
14Italy15 May 2008
15Slovenia15 May 2008
16Australia21 May 2008
17Bulgaria27 May 2008
18Latvia11 June 2008
19Hungary27 June 2008
20Netherlands27 June 2008
21Czech Republic16 June 2008
22Croatia30 June 2008
23Lithuania1 September 2008
24Norway25 October 2008
25Ireland11 November 2008
26Finland2 February 2009
27Japan25 February 2009
28Palau25 March 2009
29Canada7 April 2009
30Maldives15 April 2009[6]
31Saudi Arabia7 August 2009
32North Macedonia18 October 2009
33New Zealand9 November 2009
34Montenegro15 January 2010
35United Arab Emirates27 April 2010
36Mauritania14 September 2010
37Honduras2 December 2010
38Qatar7 January 2011
39Oman4 February 2011[7]
40Malaysia23 May 2011
41Luxembourg16 June 2011
42Saint Lucia19 August 2011
43Andorra14 September 2011
44Malta22 September 2011
45Portugal14 November 2011
46San Marino3 May 2012
47Iceland15 May 2012
48Liechtenstein28 June 2012
49Ghana4 October 2012
50Burkina Faso6 December 2012
51Dominica12 December 2012
52Kuwait16 January 2013
53Niger25 January 2013
54Pakistan27 January 2013
55Fiji13 February 2013
56Djibouti19 May 2013
57Jordan5 June 2013
58Guyana13 June 2013
59Afghanistan17 June 2013
60Panama28 August 2013
61Federated States of Micronesia17 September 2013[8]
62Costa Rica23 September 2013
63Grenada25 September 2013
64Marshall Islands28 October 2013
65Thailand22 November 2013
66Senegal14 February 2014
67Gabon9 March 2014[9]
68Bahrain12 March 2014
69Tanzania2 April 2014
70Libya5 May 2014
71Vanuatu19 May 2014
—Togo (suspended)27 July 2014
72El Salvador10 October 2014
—Solomon Islands (suspended)27 April 2015
—Cook Islands18 May 2015
73Comoros28 May 2015
74Somalia28 May 2015
—Niue23 June 2015
75Sierra Leone24 November 2015
76Saint Kitts and Nevis4 February 2016[10]
77Belize29 April 2016
78Malawi21 July 2016
79Ivory Coast24 August 2016
80Gambia22 September 2016
81Singapore1 December 2016
82Tuvalu2016[11]
83Brunei20 February 2017
84Samoa10 March 2017[12]
85Bangladesh16 February 2018[13]
86Barbados9 March 2018[14]
87Chad27 May 2018[15]
88Liberia27 May 2018[15]
89Guinea-Bissau10 June 2018[16]
90Antigua and Barbuda24 July 2019[17]
91Colombia1 October 2019[18]
92Guinea20 February 2020[19]
93Israel1 February 2021[20]
94Timor-Leste9 March 2022[21]
95Tonga17 April 2024[22]

Consular relations

[edit]
#CountryDate
1Poland8 November 2022[23]

Countries that recognise Kosovo as an independent state but have not yet established diplomatic relations

[edit]
#Country
1Benin
2Dominican Republic
3Egypt
4Eswatini
5Haiti
6Kenya[24]
7Kiribati
8Peru
9South Korea
10Sudan
11Suriname
12Syria
—Taiwan[25]
13Yemen

Membership in international organisations

[edit]
International OrganisationPolitical Entity RepresentedApplication dateAdmission dateStatus
DuringUnited Nations administration
Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI)UNMIK[when?]Observer[26]
South East Europe Transport Observatory (SEETO)Kosovo*[27][28]11 June 2004[29]Member
Energy CommunityKosovo*[30][31]1 July 2006Member
European Common Aviation Area (ECAA)UNMIK30 November 2006Member
Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA)Kosovo*[a]6 April 200626 July 2007[32]Member
After theDeclaration of Independence
International Monetary Fund (IMF)Republic of Kosovo10 July 2008[33]29 June 2009[34]Member
World Bank (WB)Republic of Kosovo10 July 2008[35]29 June 2009[36]Member
Adriatic CharterKosovo*[37]29 March 2012[38]2012[39][40][41]Observer
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (ERBD)Republic of Kosovo[42]2010 or 2009[43][when?]17 December 2012[44]Member
Regional Cooperation Council (RCC)[45]Kosovo*[46][47][48]23 February 2013[49]Member[50]
Council of Europe Development Bank (CEB)Republic of Kosovo14 June 2013[51]Member
Venice CommissionRepublic of Kosovo13 June 2014[52]Member
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF)Republic of Kosovo[53]29 November 2014[54]Observer
South-East European Cooperation Process (SEECP)Kosovo*[55]23 May 2015[56]Member
Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE)Kosovo*28 January 2016[57]Observer
Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence UnitsRepublic of Kosovo1 February 2017[58]Member
World Customs Organization (WCO)Republic of Kosovo3 March 2017[59]Member
Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)Republic of Kosovo6 November 2015[60]5 January 2016[61][62]Member
European Qualifications Framework Advisory Group (EQF)Republic of Kosovo18 December 2015[63][64][65]Member
International Federation of Arts Councils and Culture Agencies (IFACCA)Republic of Kosovo21 February 2017[66]Member
Bureau of International Expositions (BIE)Republic of Kosovo18 March 2017[67]Member
Assemblée parlementaire de la francophonie (APF)Republic of Kosovo9 July 2018[68][69]Observer
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF)Republic of Kosovo9 October 2018[70]11 October 2018[71]Associate
European Political Community (EPC)Kosovo*6 October 2022[72]Member
International Commission on Missing PersonsRepublic of Kosovo19 July 2023[73][74]Member
NATO Parliamentary AssemblyKosovo24 March 2024[75]Associate

Ongoing applications

[edit]

Enver Hoxhaj,Kosovo's Minister of Foreign Affairs during 2011–14 and 2016–17, stated in November 2013 that the country was considering making applications for membership in threeUnited Nations specialized agencies in the first half of 2013,[76] and that an application for membership of theCouncil of Europe in 2014 was being prepared.[77] Deputy Prime MinisterHashim Thaçi reiterated the state's desire to join in December 2014.[78] Kosovo is also preparing a membership application for theWorld Trade Organization.[79] JoiningNATO'sPartnership for Peace is a priority of the government.[80] Hoxhaj said in 2014 that Kosovo's goal is to be a fullUN member state by 2020 and aNATO member state by 2022.[81][82] On 15 December 2022 Kosovo filed a formal application to become a member of the European Union.[83]

International OrganisationPolitical Entity RepresentedApplication date
Council of Bureaux (CoBx)Republic of Kosovo2011[84]
NATOPartnership for Peace (PfP)Republic of KosovoJuly 2012[85]
International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL)Republic of KosovoApril 2015[86]
Council of Europe (CoE)Republic of Kosovo12 May 2022[87]
European Union (EU)Republic of Kosovo15 December 2022[88][89]

Names used to represent Kosovo

[edit]
Map of the Republic of Kosovo

Kosovo is represented under the name:

  • "Republic of Kosovo";
  • "Kosovo*" (with an asterisk),

depending on the particular international forum. A list is set out above. The name "Republic of Kosovo" is self-explanatory and is the preferred nomenclature of the Pristina Government. The name "Kosovo*" with an asterisk is used in other fora. Where this name is used, the asterisk is linked to a footnote which reads:

This designation is without prejudice to positions on status and is in line withUNSCR 1244 and theICJ opinion on Kosovo Declaration of Independence.[90][91][92]

This "Kosovo*" designation was the outcome of anarrangement agreed to between Pristina and Belgrade in talks mediated by the European Union. This arrangement, which has been dubbed the "asterisk agreement" was agreed in an 11-point arrangement agreed on 24 February 2012.[93]

"UNMIK" is an acronym for theUnited Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo, which has joined several organisations on behalf of Kosovo.

International treaties and conventions

[edit]
International treaty or conventionPolitical Entity RepresentedSignatureRatification
Free Trade Agreement withAlbaniaUNMIK7 July 2003[94]1 October 2003[95]
Free Trade Agreement withNorth MacedoniaUNMIK2 February 2006[95]
Free Trade Agreement withCroatiaUNMIK28 September 2006[95]1 November 2006[95][96]
Free Trade Agreement withBosnia and HerzegovinaUNMIK19 October 2006[95]1 December 2006[95][96]
EU Pan-EURO-MEDRoO convention[97]Kosovo underUNSCR 1244
Free Trade Agreement withTurkeyKosovo27 September 20131 September 2019[98]
Stabilisation and Association Agreement (SAA) with the EUKosovo22 October 2015[99]
UK/Kosovo: Partnership, Trade and Cooperation AgreementKosovo20 December 2019
EUSchengen Area non-visa agreement[100]Kosovo26 April 2023[101]
13 agreements and declarations with AlbaniaKosovo6 July 2023[102]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Under theUnited Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo until October 2024.

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Ending of supervised independence 10 September 2012". International Civilian Office. Retrieved6 January 2013.
  2. ^"Sixteenth and final meeting of the International Steering Group for Kosovo"(PDF). International Civilian Office. 10 September 2012. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 22 October 2013. Retrieved6 January 2013.
  3. ^Kosova and Liechtenstein to establish diplomatic relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2012-06-28
  4. ^Gëzim Visoka (2018).Acting Like a State: Kosovo and the Everyday Making of Statehood. Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 219–221.ISBN 9781138285330.
  5. ^"Kosovo: Steckbrief".Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved6 March 2025.
  6. ^"Diplomatic Relations". MFA of Maldives. Retrieved2025-11-05.
  7. ^"Oman establishes Kosovo diplomatic ties".Khaleej Times. Retrieved9 February 2024.
  8. ^"Countries With Which the Federated States of Micronesia Has Established Diplomatic Relations". MFA of Micronesia. Retrieved2025-11-05.
  9. ^"Kosova lidh marrëdhënie diplomatike me Gabonin".albinfo.ch (in Albanian). 9 March 2014. Retrieved2 July 2025.
  10. ^"Diplomatic Relations". MFA of St. Kitts and Nevis. Retrieved2025-11-05.
  11. ^"Europe". Archived fromthe original on 9 August 2022. Retrieved9 August 2022.
  12. ^"Kosova dhe Samoa lidhin marrëdhënie diplomatike".klankosova.tv (in Albanian). 10 March 2017. Archived fromthe original on 10 March 2017. Retrieved2 July 2025.
  13. ^"Bangladesh, Kosovo establish diplomatic ties".Daily Sun. 18 February 2018. Archived fromthe original on July 25, 2021. Retrieved25 July 2021.
  14. ^"Foreign Minister Pacolli: I welcome the establishment of diplomatic relations between Kosovo and Barbados, while we will continue the same practice with all peaceful countries".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. 9 March 2018. Archived fromthe original on 7 October 2018. Retrieved11 July 2023.
  15. ^ab"Glad that Kosovo has established diplomatic relations with Liberia and Chad".Twitter. Retrieved2018-05-27.
  16. ^"Republika e Kosovës akrediton ambasador në Republikën Guinea Bissau" (in Albanian). 19 June 2018. Archived fromthe original on 2018-06-20. Retrieved25 May 2023.
  17. ^"Antigua Kosovo visa waiver and diplomatic relations". 24 July 2019. Retrieved25 May 2023.
  18. ^"DECRETO NÚMERO 1762 DE 1 OCT 2019"(PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved26 July 2021.
  19. ^"Presidenti Thaçi pranoi kredencialet e ambasadorit jorezident të Guineas për Kosovën".president-ksgov.net (in Albanian). 20 February 2020. Archived fromthe original on 30 September 2023. Retrieved2 July 2025.
  20. ^"Israel and Kosovo establish diplomatic relations".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Israel. 1 February 2021. Archived fromthe original on 25 July 2021. Retrieved27 July 2021.
  21. ^"Kosovo establishes diplomatic relations with East Timor". 9 March 2022. Retrieved25 May 2023.
  22. ^"Facebook post". 17 April 2024. Retrieved19 June 2024.
  23. ^"Establishment of consular relations between the Republic of Poland and the Republic of Kosovo - Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Poland - Gov.pl website".
  24. ^"Osmani confirms recognition from Kenya".KosovaPress.com. Retrieved2025-03-26.
  25. ^公眾外交協調會 (2008-02-19)."中華民國（台灣）自即日起正式承認科索沃共和國" (in Chinese (Taiwan)). 中華民國外交部. Archived fromthe original on 2020-05-07. Retrieved2016-09-16.
  26. ^SECI observersArchived 2012-04-14 at theWayback Machine
  27. ^Before 2013UNMIK.
  28. ^"SEETO Participants". Archived fromthe original on 10 February 2018. Retrieved20 February 2015.
  29. ^"SEETO – South-east Europe Transport Observatory". Retrieved20 February 2015.
  30. ^Before April 2013 membership was assigned toUNMIK.
  31. ^"Parties". Archived fromthe original on 30 May 2015. Retrieved20 February 2015.
  32. ^"Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) initialled"(PDF) (Press release). UNMIK – DSRSG Office for News and Communication. 2006-11-10. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2008-02-27. Retrieved2008-04-09.
  33. ^"Statement on Membership of the Republic of Kosovo in the IMF" (Press release). International Monetary Fund. 2008-07-15. Retrieved2009-06-29.On July 10, 2008, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) received an application for admission to membership in the IMF from the Republic of Kosovo.
  34. ^"Kosovo Becomes the International Monetary Fund's 186th Member" (Press release). International Monetary Fund. 2009-06-29. Retrieved2009-06-29.The Republic of Kosovo became the 186th member of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) today when President Fatmir Sejdiu and Prime Minister Hashim Thaçi signed the IMF's original Articles of Agreement at a ceremony in Washington D.C.
  35. ^"Kosovo Application for Membership in World Bank" (Press release). World Bank. 2008-07-15. Archived fromthe original on May 20, 2015. Retrieved2009-06-29.In the letter dated July 10, 2008, Kosovo applied for membership in the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Development Association, the International Finance Corporation, the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, and the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes.
  36. ^"Kosovo Joins World Bank Group Institutions" (Press release). World Bank. 2009-06-29. Archived fromthe original on 2015-05-20. Retrieved2009-06-29.The Republic of Kosovo became the newest member of the five World Bank Group institutions today, when Kosovar President Fatmir Sejdiu and Prime Minister Hashim Thaçi signed the Articles of Agreement of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD).
  37. ^"Министерство за надворешни работи".Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved2024-03-28.
  38. ^Ministri i FSK-së Agim Ҫeku kërkoi antarsimin në “Karta e Adriatikut”Archived 2017-08-13 at theWayback Machine, Ministry for Kosovo Security Force, 2012-03-29 (in Albanian): "KSF Minister Agim Ҫeku sought membership in the "Adriatic Charter" ... presented reasonable and reasoned request for membership of the Republic of Kosovo ... Next Conference of Ministers of Defense is expected to take place in Bosnia and Herzegovina, where it is expected that the Republic of Kosovo is a member with full rights."
  39. ^Kosovo looking to join the Adriatic Charter
  40. ^"Kosovo's membership in the Adriatic Charter: What are the odds?".Instituti i Prishtinës për Studime Politike - PIPS. Retrieved2024-03-28.
  41. ^"US, Adriatic Charter nations' military leaders reinforce charter commitments during conference".www.eucom.mil. Retrieved2024-03-28.
  42. ^Kosovo joins EBRD: "...majority decision to include the Republic of Kosovo as member.", Estonia MFA
  43. ^"Row heats up over Kosovo EBRD bid". Retrieved20 February 2015.
  44. ^EBRD – Our shareholders
  45. ^Formerly theStability Pact for South Eastern Europe
  46. ^Before 28 February 2013 membership was assigned to theUNMIK.
  47. ^"Hoxhaj: Anëtarësimi në RCC, historik për Kosovën". Retrieved20 February 2015.
  48. ^"Regional Cooperation Council – News archive". Retrieved20 February 2015.
  49. ^"Hoxhaj: Anëtarësimi në RCC, historik për Kosovën".MFA of Kosovo.
  50. ^"Regional Cooperation Council – Structure". Retrieved20 February 2015.
  51. ^"The Republic of Kosovo is accepted as newest member of Council of Europe Development Bank". Retrieved20 February 2015.
  52. ^"Venice Commission :: Council of Europe".www.venice.coe.int. Retrieved2024-03-28.
  53. ^"Kosovo Profile". francophonie.org. Archived fromthe original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved7 December 2014.
  54. ^"Le Mexique, le Costa Rica et le Kosovo membres observateurs". francophonie.org. 29 November 2014. Archived fromthe original on 9 December 2014. Retrieved7 December 2014.
  55. ^"Second Plenary Session of SEECP PA, 22–23 May 2015". rspcsee.org. 27 May 2015.
  56. ^"Kosovo becomes South-East Coop. Process member". videonews.us. Retrieved13 May 2015.
  57. ^"The situation in Kosovo* and the role of the Council of Europe".PACE website. 2016. Retrieved16 Oct 2022.
  58. ^"NJËSIA PËR INTELIGJENCË FINANCIARE BËHET ANËTARE E EGMONT GROUP".Radio Television of Kosovo. 2017-01-02. RetrievedFebruary 1, 2017.
  59. ^Kosova anëtarësohet në Organizatën Botërore të Doganave, Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosovo, 2017-03-04 (in Albanian)
  60. ^"Kosovo's membership in the Permanent Court of Arbitration through the 1907 Convention | International Law Observer | A blog dedicated to reports, commentary and the discussion of topical issues of international law". Archived fromthe original on 2017-10-15. Retrieved2017-03-05.
  61. ^Kosovo towards accession to the Apostille Convention and to the Permanent Court of Arbitration, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo
  62. ^Kosova anëtarësohet në Gjykatën e Përhershme të Arbitrazhit, TRT in Albanian 2016-06-15
  63. ^"Group Details - Commission Expert Group".Europa.eu.
  64. ^"Kosova pranohet në Kornizën Evropiane të Kualifikimeve".Telegrafi.com. 18 December 2015. Retrieved2015-12-18.
  65. ^"REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO ACCEPTED AS A MEMBER OF THE ADVISORY GROUP OF THE EUROPEAN QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK (EQF)". Archived fromthe original on 2017-03-13.
  66. ^"Kosovo becomes a member of the International Federation of Arts Councils and Culture Agencies".Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sport of Kosovo. Retrieved2017-02-21.
  67. ^Kosovo joins the International Exhibitions Bureau (BIE), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 2016-03-18
  68. ^"Kosova vazhdon ta fuqizojë subjektivitetin ndërkombëtar, anëtarësohet në Asamblenë Parlamentare të Frankofonisë".Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo. Retrieved2018-07-13.
  69. ^"Kosovo".Assemblée Parlementaire de la Francophonie (APF) (in French). Retrieved2018-07-13.
  70. ^"Lajm single - Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo".www.mfa-ks.net. Retrieved2018-10-09.
  71. ^"Lajm single - Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo".www.mfa-ks.net. Retrieved2018-10-11.
  72. ^"Meeting of the European Political Community, 6 October 2022".
  73. ^"Kosovo becomes a member of the International Commission on Missing Persons".KosovaPress.com. Retrieved2024-03-28.
  74. ^"Kosovo joins the International Commission on Missing Persons". 19 July 2023.
  75. ^"NATO PA".In Tallinn, Assembly leadership addresses Alliance transformation & Ukraine support ahead of NATO’s 75th anniversary | NATO PA. 2024-01-17. Retrieved2024-03-28.
  76. ^"Hoxhaj: 2013, vit i suksesshëm i politikës së jashtme".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. 2013-11-20. Retrieved2013-11-24.
  77. ^"Hoxhaj: Kosova e gatshme për aplikim kredibil në Këshillin e Evropës".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. 2014-01-15. Retrieved2014-01-19.
  78. ^"Zëvendëskryeministri i parë dhe Ministri i Jashtëm Thaçi u takua me Sekretarin e Përgjithshëm të Këshillit të Evropës, Jagland".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. 2014-12-17. Retrieved2014-12-22.
  79. ^"Kosovo Ministry of Trade to apply to WTO". 2015-03-13. Archived fromthe original on 2015-03-25. Retrieved2015-03-23.
  80. ^Thaçi, Hashim."Prioritetet e reja të Politikës së Jashtme të Kosovës". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo.
  81. ^"Hoxhaj në Pejë, Kosova në OKB deri më 2020 (Video)".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. 2014-05-15. Retrieved2014-05-16.
  82. ^"Hoxhaj në Mitrovicë, Kosova anëtarësohet në NATO para 2022".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo. 2014-05-16. Retrieved2014-05-16.
  83. ^"Kosovo formally applies for EU membership".Deutsche Welle. Retrieved15 December 2022.
  84. ^ECE/TRANS/SC.1/2012/1 – (CoB) Report from the President
  85. ^"Kosovo seeks to join international organisations".Turkish Weekly. 2012-07-19. Archived fromthe original on 2012-07-25. Retrieved2012-07-19.
  86. ^KOSOVA NË PRITJE TË KRITEREVE TË REJA PËR ANËTARËSIM NË INTERPOLArchived 2017-03-05 at theWayback Machine, TV Shenja
  87. ^Bailu, Doruntina; Cvetkovic, Sandra (2022-05-12)."Kosovo Applies For Council Of Europe In Move Sure To Anger Serbia".Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved2022-05-30.
  88. ^"Kosovo Leaders Sign Application Request to Join EU".VOA. 14 December 2022. Retrieved2023-05-10.
  89. ^"Kosovo formally applies to join EU".Reuters. 2022-12-15. Retrieved2023-05-10.
  90. ^"Horizontal Facility II - Promotion of diversity and equality in the Western Balkans Kosovo footnote".
  91. ^James Ker-Lindsay (3 March 2012)."The Significance of Kosovo*".E-International Relations.
  92. ^Faith Bailey (20 July 2016)."Kosovo still dogged by status-neutral asterisk".Prishtina Insight.
  93. ^"B92 - Insight - File Cabinet - Agreement on regional representation of Kosovo".B92. 25 February 2012. Retrieved20 February 2015.
  94. ^"Albania - UNMIK (Kosovo)"(PDF). Retrieved2010-04-28.
  95. ^abcdef"Stability Pact"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 12 February 2018. Retrieved20 February 2015.
  96. ^abProvisional application
  97. ^"Agreements and conventions". Retrieved20 February 2015.[permanent dead link]
  98. ^"Kosovo". 9 November 2021.
  99. ^"Stabilisation and Association Agreement (SAA) between the European Union and Kosovo signed". 27 October 2015.
  100. ^"EU lawmakers approve visa free travel for Kosovo". 18 April 2023.
  101. ^"UK-Kosovo partnership, trade and cooperation agreement". 20 December 2019.
  102. ^"13 agreements are signed between the Government of Kosovo and the Government of Albania". 6 July 2023.
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