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Foreign relations of Denmark

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

U.S. PresidentGeorge W. Bush and Prime MinisterAnders Fogh Rasmussen hold a joint press conference outsideMarienborg, July 2005.
Russian PresidentDmitry Medvedev andDanish Prime MinisterLars Løkke Rasmussen hold a joint press conference, April 2010.

Theforeign policy of Denmark is based on its identity as a sovereign state in Europe, the Arctic and the North Atlantic. As such its primary foreign policy focus is on its relations with other nations as a sovereign state compromising the threeconstituent countries:Denmark,Greenland and theFaroe Islands. Denmark has long had good relations with other nations.It has been involved in coordinating Western assistance to the Baltic states (Estonia,[1]Latvia, andLithuania).[2]

The country is a strong supporter of internationalpeacekeeping. Danish forces were heavily engaged in theformer Yugoslavia in the UN Protection Force (UNPROFOR), withIFOR,[3] and nowSFOR.[4] Denmark also strongly supportedAmerican operations inAfghanistan and has contributed both monetarily and materially to theISAF.[5] These initiatives are a part of the "active foreign policy" of Denmark.

Instead of the traditional adaptative foreign policy ofThe unity of the Realm, Kingdom of Denmark is today pursuing an active foreign policy, wherehuman rights,democracy and other crucial values are to be defended actively. In recent years,Greenland and theFaroe Islands have been guaranteed a say in foreign policy issues, such asfishing,whaling and geopolitical concerns.

FollowingWorld War II, Denmark ended its two-hundred-year-long policy of neutrality. Denmark has been a member ofNATO since its founding in 1949, and membership in NATO remains highly popular.[6] There were several serious confrontations between the U.S. and Denmark on security policy in the so-called "footnote era" (1982–88), when an alternative parliamentary majority forced the government to adopt specific national positions on nuclear and arms control issues.

The alternative majority in these issues was because the Social liberal Party (Radikale Venstre) supported the governing majority in economic policy issues, but was against certain NATO policies and voted with the left in these issues. The conservative led Centre-right government accepted this variety of "minority parliamentarism", that is, without making it a question of the government's parliamentary survival.[6]With the end of theCold War, Denmark has been supportive of U.S. policy objectives in the Alliance.

Danes have a reputation as "reluctant" Europeans. When they rejected ratification of theMaastricht Treaty on 2 June 1992, they put the EC's plans for the European Union on hold.[7] In December 1992, the rest of the EC agreed toexempt Denmark from certain aspects of the European Union, including a common security and defense policy, a common currency,EU citizenship, and certain aspects of legal cooperation. TheAmsterdam Treaty was approved in the referendum of 28 May 1998.

In the autumn of 2000, Danish citizens rejected membership of theEuro currency group in a referendum. TheLisbon treaty was ratified by the Danish parliament alone.[8] It was not considered a surrendering of national sovereignty, which would have implied the holding of a referendum according to article 20 of the constitution.[9]

History

[edit]
Main article:History of Denmark

In 1807 Denmark was neutral but Britain bombarded Copenhagen and seized the Danish Navy, Denmark became an ally of Napoleon. After Napoleon was profoundly defeated in Russia in 1812, the Allies repeatedly offered KingFrederick VI a proposal to change sides and break with Napoleon. The king refused. Therefore, at the peace of Kiel in 1814, Denmark was forced to cede Norway to Sweden. Denmark thus became one of the chief losers of theNapoleonic Wars. Danish historiography portrayed King Frederick VI as stubborn and incompetent, and motivated by a blind loyalty to Napoleon. A more recent Danish historiographical approach emphasizes the Danish state was multi-territorial, and included the semi – separate Kingdom of Norway. It was dependent for food on grain imports controlled by Napoleon, and worried about Swedish ambitions. From the king's perspective, these factors called for an alliance with Napoleon. Furthermore, the king expected the war would end in a negotiated international conference, with Napoleon playing a powerful role that included saving Norway for Denmark.[10][11]

1900–1945

[edit]
Further information:Denmark in World War II

The Danish government responded to the First World War by declaring neutrality 1914–1918. It maintained that status until 1945 and accordingly adjusted trade; humanitarianism; diplomacy; and attitudes. The war thus reshaped economic relations and shifting domestic power balances.[12]

1990–

[edit]

Since the end of the Cold War, Denmark has become more supportive of U.S. foreign policy. Denmark supported the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003 and contributed assets to the invasion.[13][14] Denmark also participated in the Afghanistan War.[13] Denmark increased its participation in military and peacekeeping operations compared to the pre-Cold War period.[13] Whereas Denmark only participated in 13 military operations from 1945 to 1989, Denmark participated in 76 military operations between 1990 and 2018.[13]

International disputes

[edit]
  • North Pole. Denmark is trying to prove that theNorth Pole is geographically connected to Greenland. If such proof is established, the Kingdom will claim the North Pole.[15]

Settled international disputes

[edit]
  • Hans Island. An island located betweenGreenland and Canadian Arctic islands. Unresolved boundary disputed betweenCanada and Denmark (The state of Denmark is responsible for Greenland's foreign relations). This dispute flared up again in July 2005 following the visit of a Canadian minister to the disputed island.[16] On 14 June 2022 both countries agreed to split the disputed island in half. In accordance with the Greenland home rule treaty, Denmark handles certain foreign affairs, such as border disputes, on behalf of the entire Danish Realm.

Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which Denmark maintains diplomatic relations with:

#CountryDate
1United Kingdom25 October 1401[17][18]
2Russia8 November 1493[19]
3France8 July 1498[20][21]
4Spain1 April 1516[22]
5Sweden6 June 1523[23]
6Netherlands31 March 1605[24]
7Portugal18 March 1641[25]
8United States12 October 1801[26]
9Mexico19 July 1827[27]
10Brazil26 April 1828[28][29]
11Belgium25 February 1837[30]
12Uruguay28 February 1842[31]
13Venezuela28 February 1842[32]
14Dominican Republic17 December 1851[33]
15Thailand21 May 1858[34]
16Italy2 September 1861[35]
17Greece29 July 1863[36]
18Japan16 December 1867[37]
19Guatemala30 April 1880[38]
20Norway7 November 1905[39]
21Luxembourg4 June 1906[40]
22Argentina12 April 1910[41]
23Cuba29 June 1911[42]
24Romania1 May 1917[43]
25Serbia19 October 1917[44]
26Finland18 February 1918[45]
27  Switzerland26 October 1918[46]
28Poland8 September 1919[47]
29Austria13 September 1919[48]
30Iceland16 August 1920[49][50]
31Czech Republic4 September 1920[51]
32Hungary13 June 1921[52]
33Peru22 July 1921[53][54]
34Iran3 February 1922[52]
35Egypt1 June 1922[55]
36Turkey26 January 1925[56]
37Chile23 April 1925[57]
38Bolivia29 December 1926[58]
39Bulgaria17 April 1931[59]
40Colombia18 May 1935[60]
41Panama30 June 1937[61]
42Canada5 December 1945[62]
43South Africa1 January 1946[63]
44Honduras19 April 1946[64]
45Philippines28 September 1946[65]
46Lebanon1946[66]
47Australia12 September 1947[67][68]
48New Zealand12 September 1947[68]
49Costa Rica3 October 1947[69]
50India10 September 1949[70]
51Pakistan13 October 1949[71]
52Indonesia15 February 1950[72][73]
53Ethiopia21 February 1950[74]
54China11 May 1950[75]
55Israel7 December 1950[76]
56Germany27 June 1951[77]
57Sri Lanka5 January 1953[78]
58Haiti1 November 1953[79]
59Paraguay1 December 1953[79]
60Syria10 December 1953[80]
61Ecuador27 March 1955[81]
62Myanmar22 April 1955[82]
63Laos1 November 1956[83]
64Malaysia31 August 1957[84]
65Morocco29 November 1957[85][86]
66Jordan18 January 1958[87]
67Sudan8 May 1958[87]
68El Salvador18 August 1958[88]
69South Korea11 March 1959[89]
70Iraq13 January 1960[90][91]
71Nicaragua31 March 1960[92]
72Tunisia10 May 1960[93]
73Somalia9 July 1960[94]
74NigeriaOctober 1960[95]
75Cyprus2 November 1960[96]
76Cameroon1960[97]
77Senegal16 May 1961[98]
78Ghana28 September 1961[99]
79Libya17 October 1961[100]
80Guinea1 December 1961[98]
81IrelandJanuary 1962[101]
82Democratic Republic of the Congo3 August 1962[102]
83Rwanda2 April 1963[103]
84Liberia11 July 1963[104]
85Algeria3 September 1963[105]
86Kuwait25 April 1964[106]
87Kenya23 October 1964[107]
88Ivory Coast28 November 1964[108]
89Tanzania8 December 1964[109]
90Benin15 December 1964[110]
91Madagascar1964[111]
92Uganda26 January 1965[112]
93Zambia10 February 1965[113]
94Niger25 May 1965[114]
95Burundi25 June 1965[115]
96Singapore28 September 1965[116]
97Afghanistan26 January 1966[117]
98Malawi22 February 1966[118]
99Lesotho1966[119]
100Republic of the Congo10 June 1967[120]
101Cambodia9 October 1967[121]
102   Nepal15 December 1967[122]
103Togo21 June 1968[123]
104Mongolia5 August 1968[124]
105Malta26 March 1969[125]
106Albania29 May 1970[126]
107Botswana24 September 1971[127]
108Vietnam25 November 1971[128]
109Bangladesh4 February 1972[129][130]
110Trinidad and Tobago23 May 1972[131]
111Mali1972[132]
112Sierra Leone22 January 1973[133]
113Mauritius2 March 1973[134]
114Gabon2 April 1973[135]
115North Korea17 July 1973[136]
116Bahrain10 August 1974[137]
117Jamaica14 October 1974[138]
118Qatar15 December 1974[139]
119United Arab Emirates18 January 1975[140][141]
120Saudi Arabia1 February 1975[142][143]
121Mauritania19 April 1975[144]
122Yemen1 May 1975[145]
123Mozambique25 June 1975[146]
124Angola17 September 1976[147]
125Guyana18 November 1977[148]
126Papua New GuineaFebruary 1978[149]
127GambiaJanuary 1979[150]
128Oman9 July 1979[151]
129Barbados20 August 1979[152]
130Seychelles27 November 1979[153][154]
131Zimbabwe18 April 1980[155]
132Suriname27 November 1980[156]
133Burkina Faso21 January 1981[157]
134Comoros1 December 1981[158]
—Holy See2 August 1982[159]
135Maldives8 November 1982[160]
136Saint Lucia20 December 1982[161][162]
137Guinea-Bissau26 May 1983[163]
138Cape Verde1984[164]
139Central African Republic1984[165]
140Eswatini1984[166][167]
141Bhutan13 August 1985[168]
142Saint Vincent and the Grenadines19 September 1985[169]
143Antigua and Barbuda20 October 1985[170]
144Tonga31 October 1985[171]
145Saint Kitts and Nevis23 March 1989[172]
146Brunei6 February 1990[173]
147Namibia1990[174]
148BahamasJune 1991[175]
149Estonia24 August 1991[176]
150Latvia24 August 1991[177]
151Lithuania24 August 1991[178]
152Belize15 November 1991[179]
153Armenia14 January 1992[180]
154Moldova20 January 1992[181]
155Slovenia20 January 1992[182]
156Tajikistan21 January 1992[183]
157Turkmenistan21 January 1992[184]
158Uzbekistan25 January 1992[185]
159Croatia1 February 1992[186]
160Belarus4 February 1992[187]
161Ukraine12 February 1992[188]
162Liechtenstein13 March 1992[189]
163Azerbaijan2 April 1992[190]
164Kazakhstan7 May 1992[191]
165Kyrgyzstan8 May 1992[192]
166Bosnia and Herzegovina2 June 1992[193]
167Georgia1 July 1992[194]
168Marshall Islands17 September 1992[195]
169San Marino3 November 1992[196]
170Slovakia1 January 1993[197]
171Eritrea28 September 1993[198]
172North Macedonia16 December 1993[199]
173Andorra4 May 1994[200]
174Fiji1 December 1997[201]
175Djibouti10 December 2002[202]
176Timor-Leste12 February 2003[203]
177Montenegro15 June 2006[204]
—Kosovo6 March 2008[205]
178Chad23 November 2009[206]
179Monaco16 July 2011[207]
180South Sudan4 May 2012[208]
181Equatorial Guinea7 November 2014[209]
182Federated States of Micronesia29 August 2018[210]
183Vanuatu25 October 2018[211]
184Grenada6 November 2018[212]
185Palau30 November 2018[213]
186Dominica20 February 2019[214]
187São Tomé and Príncipe20 February 2019[215]

Bilateral relations

[edit]

Europe

[edit]
CountryFormal relations beganNotes
Albania29 May 1970[126]SeeAlbania–Denmark relations
Andorra4 May 1994[200]
  • Andorra is represented in Denmark through a non-resident ambassador based inAndorra La Vella.[218]
  • Denmark is represented in Andorra, through its embassy in Madrid.[219]
Armenia14 January 1992[180]SeeArmenia–Denmark relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Copenhagen.[220]
  • Denmark is represented in Armenia, through its embassy in Kyiv.[221]
AustriaMay 1621[222]SeeAustria–Denmark relations
Azerbaijan2 April 1992[190]SeeAzerbaijan–Denmark relations
  • Azerbaijan is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in the United Kingdom.[225]
  • Denmark is represented in Azerbaijan, through its embassy in Turkey.[226]
Belarus4 February 1992[187]SeeBelarus–Denmark relations
  • Belarus is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Sweden.[227]
  • Denmark is represented through its embassy in Moscow.[228]
Belgium25 February 1837[30]SeeBelgium–Denmark relations
Bosnia and Herzegovina2 June 1992[193]SeeBosnia and Herzegovina–Denmark relations
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina has an embassy in Copenhagen.[231]
  • Denmark is represented in Bosnia and Herzegovina through its embassy in Belgrade.[232]
Bulgaria17 April 1931[59]SeeBulgaria–Denmark relations
Croatia1 February 1992[186]SeeCroatia–Denmark relations
Cyprus2 November 1960[96]SeeCyprus–Denmark relations
Czech Republic14 May 1919[239]SeeCzech Republic–Denmark relations
Estonia24 August 1991[176]SeeDenmark–Estonia relations
Finland18 February 1918[45]SeeDenmark–Finland relations
France8 July 1498[20][21]SeeDenmark–France relations
Georgia1 July 1992[194]SeeDenmark–Georgia relations
  • Denmark is represented in Georgia through its embassy in Ukraine.[249]
  • Georgia has an embassy in Copenhagen.[250]
  • Denmark is anEUmember and Georgia is anEUcandidate.
Germany27 June 1951[77]SeeDenmark–Germany relations
Greece29 July 1863[36]SeeDenmark–Greece relations
Holy See2 August 1982[159]
  • Denmark's diplomatic relations with the Vatican City were established in 1982 after having been suspended since thereformation in 1536.
  • Denmark is represented in the Vatican City, through its embassy in Bern.[255]
Hungary10 May 1948[256]SeeDenmark–Hungary relations
Iceland16 August 1920[49][50]SeeDenmark–Iceland relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inReykjavík.[259]
  • Iceland has an embassy in Copenhagen.[260]
  • Both countries are full members ofNATO.
IrelandJanuary 1962[101]SeeDenmark–Ireland relations
Italy2 September 1861[35]SeeDenmark–Italy relations
Kosovo6 March 2008[205]SeeDenmark–Kosovo relations
  • Denmarkrecognized Kosovo on 21 February 2008.[266]
  • Denmark is represented in Kosovo, through its embassy in Vienna.[267]
Latvia24 August 1991[177]SeeDenmark–Latvia relations
Liechtenstein1992[270]
  • Liechtenstein is represented in Denmark through its embassy in Switzerland.[271]
Lithuania24 August 1991[178]SeeDenmark–Lithuania relations
Luxembourg4 June 1906[40]
Malta26 March 1969[125]
  • Denmark has a consulate general in Valletta.[276]
  • Malta has an embassy in Copenhagen.[218]
  • Both countries are full members of theEuropean Union.
Moldova20 January 1992[181]SeeDenmark–Moldova relations
  • Denmark is represented in Moldova through its embassy in Bucharest.[277]
  • Moldova is represented in Denmark through its embassy in Berlin.[278]
  • Denmark is anEUmember and Moldova is anEUcandidate.
Monaco4 March 1930[279]
16 July 2011[207]
  • Denmark is represented in Monaco, through its embassy in Paris.[280]
Montenegro15 June 2006[204]SeeDenmark–Montenegro relations
  • Denmark is represented in Montenegro through its embassy in Serbia.[281]
  • Montenegro is represented in Denmark through a non-resident ambassador based inPodgorica.[218]
  • Both countries are full members ofNATO.
  • Denmark is anEUmember and Montenegro is anEUcandidate.
Netherlands31 March 1605[24]SeeDenmark–Netherlands relations
North Macedonia16 December 1993[199]SeeDenmark–North Macedonia relations
  • Denmark is represented in North Macedonia, through its embassy in Belgrade.[284]
  • North Macedonia has an embassy in Copenhagen.[285]
  • Both countries are full members ofNATO.
Norway7 November 1905[39]SeeDenmark–Norway relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inOslo.[286]
  • Norway has an embassy in Copenhagen.[287]
  • Both countries are full members ofNATO.
Poland8 September 1919[47]SeeDenmark–Poland relations
Portugal18 March 1641[25]SeeDenmark–Portugal relations
Romania1 May 1917[43]SeeDenmark–Romania relations
Russia8 November 1493[19]SeeDenmark–Russia relations
San Marino3 November 1992[196]
  • Denmark is represented in San Marino through its embassy in Rome.[296]
  • San Marino is represented in Denmark through a non-resident ambassador based inCity of San Marino.[218]
Serbia19 October 1917[44]SeeDenmark–Serbia relations
Slovakia1 January 1993[197]SeeDenmark–Slovakia relations
Slovenia20 January 1992[182]SeeDenmark–Slovenia relations
Spain1 April 1516[22]SeeDenmark–Spain relations
Sweden6 June 1523[23]SeeDenmark–Sweden relations
 Switzerland10 February 1875[307]SeeDenmark–Switzerland relations
Ukraine12 February 1992[188]SeeDenmark–Ukraine relations
United Kingdom25 October 1401[312][failed verification]SeeDenmark–United Kingdom relations
Danish Prime MinisterMette Frederiksen withBritish Prime MinisterKeir Starmer in10 Downing Street, February 2025.

Denmark establisheddiplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 25 October 1401.[312][failed verification]

Both countries share common membership of theCouncil of Europe, theEuropean Court of Human Rights, theInternational Criminal Court, theJoint Expeditionary Force,NATO, theOECD, theOSCE, theUnited Nations, and theWorld Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Agreement,[315] and a Voting Participation Agreement.[316]

Americas

[edit]
CountryFormal relations beganNotes
Antigua and Barbuda28 October 1985[317]
Argentina20 January 1841[319]SeeArgentina–Denmark relations
BahamasJune 1991[322]
  • Denmark is represented in Bahamas, through its embassy in Mexico, Denmark has a consulate inNassau.[323]
Barbados20 August 1979[324]
  • Denmark is represented in Barbados, through its embassy in Mexico City.[325]
  • Barbados is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Brussels.[218]
Belize15 November 1991[326]
  • Denmark is represented in Belize, through its embassy in Nicaragua.[327]
Bolivia29 December 1926[58]SeeBolivia–Denmark relations
  • Bolivia is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.[328]
  • Denmark is accredited to Bolivia from its embassy in Bogotá, Colombia.[329]
Brazil26 April 1828[28][330]SeeBrazil–Denmark relations
Canada5 December 1945[333]SeeCanada–Denmark relations
Chile23 April 1925[57]SeeChile–Denmark relations
Colombia18 May 1935[338]SeeColombia–Denmark relations
  • Colombia is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[218]
  • Denmark has an embassy inBogotá.[339]
Costa Rica3 October 1947[69]
Cuba29 June 1911[341]
Dominica20 February 2019[344]
  • Denmark is represented in Dominica, through its embassy in Mexico.[345]
Dominican Republic17 December 1851[346]
  • Denmark is represented in the Dominican Republic, through its embassy in Mexico.[347]
  • Dominican Republic is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[218]
Ecuador27 March 1955[81]
El Salvador9 July 1958[349]
  • Denmark has a consulate inSan Salvador.[327]
  • A treaty of Commerce and Navigation was signed on 9 July 1958.[350]
Grenada6 November 2018[351]
  • Denmark is represented in Grenada, through its embassy in Mexico.[352]
  • Grenada is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Brussels.[218]
Guatemala30 April 1880[38]
  • Denmark has a consulate general in Guatemala City.[327]
Guyana16 November 1979[353]
  • Denmark is represented in Guyana, through its embassy in Brasília.[354]
  • Guyana is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Brussels.[218]
Haiti1 November 1953[79]
  • Denmark is represented in Haiti, through its embassy in Mexico.[355]
  • Haiti is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Berlin.[218]
Honduras19 April 1946[64]
  • Denmark have a consulate general inTegucigalpa.[327]
  • Honduras is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[356]
Jamaica14 October 1974[357]
  • Denmark is represented in Jamaica, through its embassy in Mexico.[358]
  • Jamaica is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in London.[218]
Mexico19 July 1827[359]SeeDenmark–Mexico relations
Nicaragua31 March 1960[92]SeeDenmark–Nicaragua relations
Panama30 June 1937[364]
Paraguay1 December 1953[79]
  • Paraguay is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.
  • Denmark is represented in Paraguay, through its embassy in Buenos Aires.[365]
  • Denmark also has an honorary consulate in Asunción.
Peru22 July 1921[53][54]
  • Peru is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Berlin.[218]
  • Denmark has a consulate general inLima.[366]
Saint Kitts and NevisNone[367]
  • Denmark is represented in St. Kitts and Nevis, through its embassy in Washington D.C.[368]
Saint Lucia20 December 1982[369]
  • Denmark is represented in St. Lucia, through its embassy in Mexico.[370]
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines19 September 1985[371]
  • Denmark is represented in St. Vincent and the Grenadines, through its embassy in Mexico.[372]
Suriname27 November 1980[373]
  • Denmark is represented in Suriname, through its embassy in Brasília.[374]
  • Denmark have a consulate inParamaribo.[375]
Trinidad and Tobago23 May 1972[376]
  • Denmark is represented in Trinidad and Tobago, through its embassy in Mexico.[377]
  • Denmark have a consulate general inPort of Spain.[377]
United States12 October 1801[378]SeeDenmark–United States relations
Uruguay28 February 1842[383]
  • Denmark is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.[384]
  • Uruguay is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden.[218]
Venezuela26 March 1835[385]SeeDenmark–Venezuela relations
  • Venezuela is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in Oslo, Norway.
  • Denmark is accredited to Venezuela from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.[386]

Middle East

[edit]
CountryFormal relations beganNotes
Bahrain10 August 1974[387]
  • Denmark is represented in Bahrain, through its embassy in Riyadh.[388] Denmark also has a Royal Consular Agency in Manama.[388]
  • Bahrain is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in London.[218]
Egypt1 June 1922[55]SeeDenmark–Egypt relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inCairo.[389]
  • Egypt has an embassy in Copenhagen.[218]
Iran3 February 1922[390]SeeDenmark–Iran relations
Iraq13 January 1960[393][91]SeeDenmark–Iraq relations
Israel12 July 1950[396]SeeDenmark–Israel relations
Jordan7 December 1961[399][400]
  • Denmark is represented in Jordan, through its embassy in Damascus.[401]
  • Jordan is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Berlin.[218]
Kuwait25 April 1964[106]
  • Denmark is represented in Kuwait, through its embassy in Riyadh.[402]
  • Kuwait is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[218]
Lebanon1946[403]
  • Denmark has an embassy inBeirut.[404]
  • Lebanon is represented in Denmark through its embassy in Stockholm.[405]
Oman9 July 1979[406]
  • Denmark is represented in Oman, through its embassy in Riyadh.[407]
  • Oman is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Berlin.
State of PalestineNoneSeeDenmark–Palestine relations
Qatar15 December 1974[139]
  • Denmark is represented in Qatar, through its embassy in the United Arab Emirates.[410]
  • Qatar is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in the Hague.[218]
Saudi Arabia1 February 1975[411][143]SeeDenmark–Saudi Arabia relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inRiyadh.[412]
  • Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Copenhagen.[413]
Syria1950[414]SeeDenmark–Syria relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inDamascus.[415]
  • Syria is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[218]
Turkey[note 1]26 January 1925[416]SeeDenmark–Turkey relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inAnkara[417] and a consulate general inIstanbul.[418]
  • Turkey has an embassy in Copenhagen.[419]
  • Both countries are full members ofNATO.
  • Denmark is anEUmember and Turkey is anEUcandidate. Denmark opposes Turkey's accession negotiations to the EU, although negotiations have now been suspended.
United Arab Emirates18 January 1975[141]SeeDenmark–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inAbu Dhabi,[420] and a consulate general inDubai.[421]
  • The United Arab Emirates is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[218]
Yemen1 May 1975[145]
  • Denmark is represented in Yemen, through its embassy in Riyadh.[422]
  • Yemen is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Berlin.[218]

Asia

[edit]
CountryFormal relations beganNotes
Afghanistan26 January 1966[423]SeeAfghanistan–Denmark relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inKabul.[424]
  • Afghanistan is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Oslo.[218]
Bangladesh4 February 1972[425]SeeBangladesh–Denmark relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inDhaka.[426]
  • Bangladesh is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[218]
Bhutan13 August 1985[427]SeeBhutan–Denmark relations
  • Denmark has a representative office inThimphu.[428]
  • Bhutan is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Brussels.[218]
Brunei6 February 1990[173]
  • Denmark is represented in Brunei, through its embassy in Singapore.[429]
  • Brunei is represented in Denmark through a non-resident ambassador based inBandar Seri Begawan.[218]
Cambodia9 October 1967[430]SeeCambodia–Denmark relations
  • Denmark is represented in Cambodia, through its embassy inBangkok, Thailand.[431]
  • Cambodia is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in London.[218]
China11 May 1950[432]SeePeople's Republic of China–Denmark relations
East Timor12 February 2003[203]
  • Denmark is represented in East Timor, through its embassy in Jakarta.[435]
  • East Timor is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Brussels.[436]
IndiaSeptember 1949[437][438]SeeDenmark–India relations
Indonesia15 February 1950[441][73]SeeDenmark–Indonesia relations
Japan16 December 1867[444]SeeDenmark–Japan relations
Kazakhstan7 May 1992[447]SeeDenmark–Kazakhstan relations
  • Denmark is represented in Kazakhstan, through its embassy in Moscow.[448]
  • Kazakhstan is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Berlin.[218]
Kyrgyzstan8 May 1992[449]
  • Denmark is represented in Kyrgyzstan, through its embassy in Moscow.[450]
Laos1 November 1956[451]
  • Denmark is represented in Laos, through its embassy in Hanoi.[452]
  • Laos is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[453]
Malaysia31 August 1957[454]SeeDenmark–Malaysia relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inKuala Lumpur.[455]
  • Malaysia is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[218]
Maldives8 November 1982[456]
  • Denmark is represented in Maldives, through its embassy in New Delhi.[457]
  • Maldives is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in London.[218]
Mongolia5 August 1968[458]
  • Denmark has a consulate general inUlaanbaatar.[459]
  • Mongolia is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[218]
Myanmar22 April 1955[460]SeeBurma–Denmark relations
  • Denmark is represented in Burma, through its embassy in Bangkok.[461]
  • Burma is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in London.[218]
  Nepal15 December 1967[462]SeeDenmark–Nepal relations
North Korea17 July 1973[465]SeeDenmark–North Korea relations
  • Denmark is represented in North Korea, through its embassy in Beijing.[466]
  • North Korea is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[218]
PakistanOctober 1949[467]SeeDenmark–Pakistan relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inIslamabad.[468]
  • Pakistan has an embassy in Copenhagen.[469]
  • Roughly 20,000Pakistanis live and work in Denmark, making them the country's fifth-largest non-Western community. Six Pakistani immigrants/descendants of immigrants have seats on local parliaments and councils, the second-highest number of any immigrant group.[470]
Philippines28 September 1946[471]SeeDenmark–Philippines relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inManila.[472]
  • The Republic of the Philippines has an embassy in Copenhagen.
Singapore28 September 1965[473]
  • Denmark has an embassy in Singapore City.[474]
  • Singapore is represented in Denmark, through a non-resident ambassador based in Singapore.[218]
South Korea11 March 1959[475]SeeDenmark–South Korea relations
  • Both nations are having an agreement of work and holiday program thus citizens of both countries can live, work, study and travel for up to a year and there are no quotas for Danish and South Koreans working and traveling in the each other.[476]
  • Royal Danish embassy inSeoul.[477]
  • South Korean embassy inCopenhagen.[478]
Sri Lanka5 January 1953[479]SeeDenmark–Sri Lanka relations
  • Denmark has a consulate general inColombo.[480]
  • Sri Lanka is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[218]
Tajikistan21 January 1992[481]
  • Denmark is represented in Tajikistan, through its embassy in Moscow.[482]
TaiwanNoneSeeDenmark–Taiwan relations
  • Denmark has a trade council inTaipei.[483]
  • Taiwan has a Representative Office in Copenhagen.[484]
Thailand21 May 1858[485]SeeDenmark–Thailand relations
Turkmenistan21 January 1992[488]
  • Denmark is represented in Turkmenistan, through its embassy in Moscow.[489]
Uzbekistan25 January 1992[490]
  • Uzbekistan is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Moscow.[491]
  • Denmark is represented in Uzbekistan, through its embassy in Moscow.[492]
Vietnam25 November 1971[493]SeeDenmark–Vietnam relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inHanoi.[494]
  • Vietnam has an embassy in Copenhagen.[495]

Africa

[edit]
CountryFormal relations beganNotes
Algeria3 September 1963[105]
Angola17 September 1976[498]
  • Denmark is represented in Angola, through its embassy in Lusaka.[499]
  • Angola is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[218]
Benin15 December 1964[500]SeeBenin–Denmark relations
Botswana24 September 1971[127]
  • Denmark is represented in Botswana, through its embassy in Pretoria.[503]
  • Botswana is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[218]
Burkina Faso21 January 1981[504]SeeBurkina Faso–Denmark relations
Burundi25 June 1965[507]
  • Denmark is represented in Burundi, through its embassy in Kampala.[508]
  • Burundi is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Berlin.[218]
Cameroon1960[97]
  • Denmark has a consulate general inYaoundé.[509]
  • Cameroon is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in London.[218]
Cape Verde29 May 2019[510]
  • Denmark is represented in Cape Verde, through its embassy in Lisbon.[511]
Central African Republic1984[512]
  • Denmark is represented in the Central African Republic, through its embassy in Ouagadougou.[513]
  • The Central African Republic is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Brussels.[218]
Chad23 November 2009[206]
  • Chad has a consulate in Copenhagen, Denmark.[514]
  • Denmark is represented in Chad, through its embassy inBurkina Faso.[514]
Comoros1 December 1982[515]
  • Denmark is represented in Comoros, through its embassy in Dar es Salaam.[516]
Republic of the Congo10 June 1967[120]
  • Denmark is represented in Republic of Congo, through its embassy in Cotonou.[517]
Democratic Republic of the Congo3 August 1962[102]
  • Denmark is represented in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, through its embassy in Pretoria.[518]
Djibouti10 December 2002[519]
Equatorial Guinea7 November 2014[521]
  • Denmark is represented in Equatorial Guinea, through its embassy in Pretoria.[522]
Eritrea28 September 1993[523][524]SeeDenmark–Eritrea relations

Eritrea was a Danish programme country from 1993 to 1996, and again from 1999 to 2001. In 1996, Denmark assisted 112 million DKK to the agriculture sector, and 80 million DKK to the education sector.[525]Relations between Eritrea and Denmark have been bad, since Denmark decided to suspend development cooperation with Eritrea in January 2002, and completely closed its embassy in Eritrea in June 2002.[526]

  • Denmark is represented in Eritrea through its embassy in Nairobi.[527]
Eswatini4 February 1997[528]
Ethiopia5 April 1967[530]SeeDenmark–Ethiopia relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inAddis Ababa.[531]
  • Ethiopia is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in London.[218]
Gabon2 April 1973[532]
  • Denmark have a consulate inLibreville.[533]
  • Gabon is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in London.[218]
GambiaJanuary 1979[534]
  • Denmark is represented in Gambia, through its embassy in Bamako.[535]
  • Gambia is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in London.[218]
Ghana28 September 1961[99]SeeDenmark–Ghana relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inAccra.[536]
  • Ghana has an embassy in Copenhagen.[537]
Guinea1 December 1961[98]
  • Denmark is represented in Guinea, through its embassy in Accra.[538]
  • Guinea is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Berlin.[218]
Guinea-Bissau8 November 1991[539]
  • Denmark is represented in Guinea Bissau, through its embassy in Lisbon.[540]
  • Guinea-Bissau is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Brussels.[218]
Ivory Coast14 June 1963[105]
  • Denmark is represented in Côte d'Ivoire, through its embassy in Accra.[541]
  • Denmark have a consulate general inAbidjan.[541]
  • Côte d'Ivoire have an embassy in Copenhagen.[542]
Kenya23 October 1964[107]SeeDenmark–Kenya relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inNairobi.[543]
  • Kenya is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[218]
Lesotho1970[544]
Liberia31 December 1861[546][547]
11 July 1963[548]
  • Denmark is represented in Liberia, through its embassy in Accra.[549]
  • Liberia is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Berlin.[218]
Libya18 April 1968[550]SeeDenmark–Libya relations
  • Libya closed its embassy in Copenhagen, as a protest against the Jyllandsposten cartoons controversy, in 2006.[551]
MadagascarJanuary 1964[552]
  • Denmark is represented in Madagascar, through its embassy in Pretoria.[553]
  • Denmark have a consulate inAntananarivo.[553]
Malawi22 February 1966[554]
  • Denmark is represented in Malawi, through its embassy in Maputo.[555]
  • Malawi is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in London.
Mali1972[132]

From 2006 to 2011, Denmark assisted Mali with 800 million DKK for poverty reduction.[557]

Mauritania19 April 1975[558]
  • Denmark is represented in Mauritania, through its embassy in Rabat.[559]
  • Mauritania is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Brussels.[218]
Mauritius2 March 1973[560]
Morocco29 November 1957[562][86]SeeDenmark–Morocco relations
  • Denmark has an embassy inRabat.[563]
  • Morocco has an embassy in Copenhagen.[564]
Mozambique25 June 1975[565]SeeDenmark–Mozambique relations
Namibia1990[566]
  • Denmark is represented in Namibia, through its embassy in Pretoria.[567]
  • Namibia is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[568]
Niger25 May 1965[569]
NigeriaOctober 1960[571]SeeForeign relations of Nigeria
Rwanda2 April 1963[103]
  • Denmark is represented in Rwanda, through its embassy in Kampala.[572]
  • Rwanda is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm.[573]
Sahrawi Arab Democratic RepublicNone
  • Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic has a representative office in Copenhagen.[574]
São Tomé and Príncipe20 February 2019[575]
  • Denmark is represented in São Tomé and Príncipe, through its embassy in Lisbon.[576]
  • São Tomé and Príncipe is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Brussels.[218]
Senegal16 May 1961[98]
Seychelles1979[578]
Sierra Leone22 January 1973[580]
Somalia9 July 1960[582]SeeDenmark–Somalia relations
South Africa1947[584]SeeDenmark–South Africa relations
South Sudan4 May 2012[586]
Sudan8 May 1958[87]SeeDenmark–Sudan relations
Tanzania8 December 1964[109]SeeDenmark–Tanzania relations
Tunisia1959[589]SeeForeign relations of Tunisia
Togo21 June 1968[123]
  • Denmark is represented in Togo, through its embassy in Cotonou.[590]
Uganda26 January 1965[112]
  • Uganda has an embassy in Copenhagen.[591]
Zambia10 February 1965[113]SeeDenmark–Zambia relations
Zimbabwe18 April 1980[155]SeeForeign relations of Zimbabwe

Oceania

[edit]
CountryFormal relations beganNotes
Australia12 September 1947[67][68]SeeAustralia–Denmark relations
  • Australia has an embassy in Copenhagen.
  • Denmark has an embassy inCanberra and a consulate general inSydney.
Cook IslandsNone[592]
  • Denmark is represented in Cook Islands, through its embassy in Canberra.[593]
Fiji1 December 1997[201]
  • Denmark is represented in Fiji, through its embassy in Jakarta.[594]
  • Fiji is represented in Denmark, through its high commission in London.[218]
Further details
Denmark–Fiji relations refers to thecurrent and historical relations betweenDenmark andFiji. Denmark is represented in Fiji through its embassy inJakarta,Indonesia.[594] Fiji is represented in Denmark through its High Commission in London.[218][595] Denmark has an honorary consulate[596] and a consulate[594] inSuva, the capital of Fiji. The current Fijian ambassador to Denmark isSolo Mara.[597]

In 1971, an abolition of visas agreement was signed between Denmark and Fiji.[598]In October 1974, Denmark and Fiji signed an avoidance of double taxation agreement.[599]

In November 2003, the Danish ambassador to Fiji Geert Aagaard Andersen said that Denmark supports the European Union's decision to resume development cooperation with Fiji and that Denmark is pleased with the reestablishing democracy progress in Fiji. Trade between Denmark and Fiji showed a potential increase he said.[600]

For the2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference meeting inCopenhagen, the Fijian Prime MinisterFrank Bainimarama stressed that:

"We in Fiji experienced unprecedented floods in February of this year. The enormous devastation caused by such disasters not only results in commercial and economic hardships but has a deleterious effect on food production, the ill effects of climate change can still be minimised."[601]

In July 2011, Danish export to Fiji amounted approximately 1 million DKK while Fijian export were about 100.000 DKK.[602]

Kiribati
  • Denmark is represented in Kiribati, through its embassy in Singapore.[603]
Marshall Islands17 September 1992[195]
  • Denmark is represented in Marshall Islands, through its embassy in Singapore.[603]
Micronesia, Federated States of29 August 2018[210]
  • Denmark is represented in Micronesia, through its embassy in Singapore.[603]
NauruNone[604]
  • Denmark is represented in Nauru, through its embassy in Canberra.[605]
New Zealand12 September 1947[68]SeeDenmark–New Zealand relations
  • Denmark is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.
  • New Zealand is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden.
Palau30 November 2018[213]
  • Denmark is represented in Palau, through its embassy in Singapore.[603]
Papua New GuineaFebruary 1978[149]
  • Denmark is represented in Papua New Guinea, through its embassy in Jakarta.[606]
  • Papua New Guinea is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Brussels.[218]
SamoaNone[607]
  • Denmark is represented in Samoa, through its embassy in Canberra.[608]
Solomon IslandsNone[609]
  • Denmark is represented in the Solomon Islands, through its embassy in Singapore.[603]
Tonga31 October 1985[171]
  • Denmark is represented in Tonga, through its embassy in Canberra.[610]
TuvaluNone[611]
  • Denmark is represented in Tuvalu, through its embassy in Canberra.[612]
Vanuatu25 October 2018[211]
  • Denmark is represented in Vanuatu, through its embassy in Canberra.[613]

See also

[edit]
Politics of Denmark

References

[edit]
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Notes

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  1. ^Turkey is physiographically considered a transcontinental country in Western Asia and Eastern Europe.

Further reading

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Pre-1940

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External links

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