Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム
URL:

Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

Foreign relations of Bolivia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

flagBolivia portal

Bolivia traditionally has maintained normaldiplomatic relations with allhemispheric states exceptChile. Foreign relations are handled by theMinistry of Foreign Affairs, headed by theChancellor of Bolivia,Rogelio Mayta.

Overview

[edit]

Relations with Chile, strained since Bolivia's defeat in theWar of the Pacific (1879–1883) and its loss of the coastal province ofAtacama, were severed from 1962 to 1975 in a dispute over the use of the waters of theLauca River.[1] Relations were resumed in 1975 but broken again in 1978 over the inability of the two countries to reach an agreement that solved theAtacama border dispute, which might have granted Bolivia a sovereign access to the sea.[1] In the 1960s, relations withCuba were broken by the Bolivian dictatorship followingCastro's rise to power but resumed under thePaz Estenssoro Administration in 1985, which came to power through democratic elections.[1]

Bolivia pursues aforeign policy with a heavyeconomic component.[1] Bolivia has become more active in theOrganization of American States (OAS), theRio Group, and inMERCOSUR, with which it signed an association agreement in 1996.[1] Bolivia promotes its policies onsustainable development and the empowerment ofindigenous people.[1]

Bolivia is a member of theUnited Nations and some of its specialized agencies and related programs;OAS;Andean Community;Intelsat;Non-Aligned Movement;International Parliamentary Union;Latin American Integration AssociationALADI;World Trade Organization;Rio Treaty;Rio Group; andUruguay,Paraguay,Bolivia (URUPABOL, restarted in 1993).[1] As an outgrowth of the 1994Summit of the Americas, Bolivia hosted a hemispheric summit conference on sustainable development in December 1996.[1] A First Ladies' hemispheric summit was also hosted by Bolivia that same month.

The GeGaLo Index of gains and losses afterenergy transition ranks Bolivia 128th out of 156 countries.[2] It is thus among the countries that will lose strength on the international stage if a global transition to renewable energy is carried out and there is no longer demand for Bolivian oil and gas.[2] It is estimated to experience the third largest loss of all Latin American countries (after Colombia and Venezuela).

United Nations involvement

[edit]
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2008)

Bolivia, being one of the founding members of theUnited Nations,[3] has frequently been involved with theIntergovernmental Organisation . In November 2008, the Bolivian contingent ofUN peacekeeping troops with theUnited Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo was relocated to safety, as at least one other regional state was also reviewing its own mission's security. The country had a detachment of 130 soldiers that was working inBukavu, but was moved to a location nearGoma.[4] Bolivia currently serves as a non-permanent member of theUnited Nations Security Council, with a two-year term ending in 2018. While a member of the Security Council, Bolivia strongly criticizedUnited States PresidentDonald Trump's decision to move theUnited States' Embassy in Israel fromTel Aviv toJerusalem, and called for a public meeting of the Security Council to respond to the decision.[5] The Bolivian delegation also joinedRussia in casting a negative vote for the renewal of theOPCW-UN Joint Investigative Mechanism in Syria, citing technical concerns about the Mechanism.[6]

During theUnited Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/1, on March 2, 2022, Bolivia voted to abstain, along with 34 other nations.

International disputes

[edit]

Bolivia has wanted a sovereign corridor to the South Pacific Ocean since theAtacama area was lost to Chile in 1884; dispute with Chile overRio Laucawater rights.[7]

Since the accession ofCarlos Mesa to the Presidency, Bolivia has pressed its demands for a corridor to the Pacific. In March 2004, Mesa announced that the government would stage a series of public rallies across the country and in Bolivian embassies abroad in remembrance of those who died in theWar of the Pacific, and to call for Chile to grant Bolivia a seacoast. Mesa made this demand a cornerstone of his administration's policy.

PresidentEvo Morales maintained a hard position on this issue of which the symbolic importance is underlined by the fact that Bolivia also still has a navy, despite it not currently having access to the sea. In October 2018, the ICJ (International Court of Justice), ruled against Bolivia in a case that would determine whether or not Bolivia could force Chile to negotiate access to the sea. However, the ICJ did state that cooperation was desirable if workable solutions are to be found.

Illicit drugs

[edit]

Bolivia is the world's third-largest cultivator ofcoca (afterPeru andColombia) with an estimated 218 square kilometres (84 sq mi) under cultivation in 1999, a 45% decrease in overall cultivation of coca from 1998 levels; intermediate coca products andcocaine exported to or through Colombia, Brazil,Argentina, andChile to the United States and other international drug markets; alternative crop program aims to reduce illicit coca cultivation.[7]

Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which Bolivia maintains diplomatic relations with:

#CountryDate
1Peru24 June 1826[8]
2France19 June 1831[9]
3Mexico21 November 1831[10]
4Argentina16 October 1835[11]
5Chile1 August 1840[12]
6United Kingdom29 September 1840[13]
7Ecuador7 April 1842[14]
8Uruguay1 November 1843[15]
9Spain21 July 1847[16]
10United States3 January 1849[17]
11Belgium27 September 1850[18]
12Italy25 February 1864[19]
13Brazil27 March 1867[20]
—Holy See6 August 1877[21]
14Portugal10 May 1879[22]
15Paraguay15 October 1879[23]
16Venezuela14 September 1883[24]
17  Switzerland29 March 1897[25]
18Russia9 August 1898[26]
19Dominican Republic30 January 1902[27]
20Cuba19 July 1902[28]
21Costa Rica3 January 1907[29][30]
22Netherlands21 July 1911[31]
23Colombia19 March 1912[32]
24Japan3 April 1914[33]
25Austria15 May 1924[34]
26Denmark29 December 1926[35]
27Sweden2 February 1932[36][37]
28Czech Republic12 February 1935[38]
29Poland3 September 1935[39]
30Norway25 February 1937[40]
31Panama26 August 1942[41]
32Guatemala5 September 1945[42]
33Lebanon21 February 1949[43]
34Turkey21 September 1950[44]
35Hungary17 October 1952[45]
36Germany30 December 1952[46]
37Serbia15 May 1954[47]
38Nicaragua6 July 1955[48]
—Israel (suspended)3 July 1957[49]
39Haiti24 November 1957[50]
40India1958[51]
41Egypt17 November 1960[52]
42CanadaMay 1961[53]
—Sovereign Military Order of Malta15 June 1962[54]
43Thailand1 February 1963[55]
44Finland21 September 1963[56]
45Indonesia1963[57]
46Sri Lanka1963[58]
47Morocco26 June 1964[59]
48South Korea25 April 1965[60]
49South Africa1967[61]
50Romania18 October 1969[62]
51Philippines7 January 1970[63]
52Nigeria18 September 1970[64]
53Bulgaria18 December 1970[65]
54Pakistan14 January 1975[66]
55Australia10 April 1975[67]
56Malaysia9 May 1977[68]
57Suriname29 June 1978[69]
58Algeria2 February 1980[70]
—Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic14 November 1982[71]
59Cyprus3 March 1983[72]
60Bahamas5 August 1983[73]
61Grenada5 August 1983[74]
62Barbados2 February 1984[75]
63Jamaica2 February 1984[76]
64China9 July 1985[77]
65Antigua and Barbuda26 August 1985[78]
66Kuwait28 July 1986[77]
67Mozambique20 November 1986[77]
68United Arab Emirates1 December 1986[77]
69Oman16 December 1986[77]
70Zambia5 January 1987[77]
71Senegal16 January 1987[77]
72Vietnam10 February 1987[77]
73Guyana12 March 1987[79]
74São Tomé and Príncipe15 May 1987[77]
75   Nepal20 May 1987[77]
76Malta7 July 1987[77]
77Singapore3 August 1987[80]
78Albania21 August 1987[81]
79Belize1 October 1987[77]
80Equatorial Guinea21 October 1987[77]
81Ghana3 December 1987[82]
82Ethiopia8 December 1987[77]
83Guinea15 December 1987[83]
84Cape Verde1 March 1989[77]
85Mongolia1 March 1989[77]
86Comoros3 April 1989[77]
87Uganda3 May 1989[77]
88Bangladesh9 June 1989[77]
89Yemen30 June 1989[77]
90Luxembourg21 December 1990[77]
91Ukraine8 February 1992[84]
92Slovenia16 March 1992[85]
93Armenia27 July 1992[86]
94Croatia26 November 1992[87]
95Slovakia1 January 1993[88]
96Jordan8 February 1993[89]
97Lithuania12 January 1994[90]
98Belarus11 April 1994[91]
99Cambodia26 April 1994[77]
100North Macedonia15 June 1994[77]
101Andorra14 June 1995[77]
102Azerbaijan8 July 1996[77]
103Moldova8 July 1996[77]
104Turkmenistan9 July 1996[77]
105Tajikistan9 August 1996[92]
106Angola29 January 1997[93]
107Bosnia and Herzegovina27 February 1997[77]
108New Zealand29 October 1998[94]
109Georgia20 November 1998[77]
110Ireland30 September 1999[95][96]
111Saudi Arabia17 October 2000[97]
112Honduras21 September 2002[98]
113Latvia8 July 2003[99]
114Estonia10 March 2004[100]
115Qatar6 July 2004[77]
116Iceland17 September 2004[77]
117Iran8 September 2007[101]
118Libya13 August 2008[102]
119Montenegro18 October 2010[77]
120Dominica5 June 2012[103]
121Tunisia24 July 2012[104]
122Uzbekistan28 November 2012[105]
123Kazakhstan17 May 2013[77]
—State of Palestine15 November 2013[77]
124Fiji9 January 2014[77]
125Sudan24 October 2014[106]
126Burundi17 November 2016[107]
127Saint Kitts and Nevis25 January 2017[108]
128Kyrgyzstan29 May 2019[77]
129Maldives31 May 2019[77]
130Saint Lucia26 June 2019[109]
131Saint Vincent and the Grenadines25 September 2019[110]
132San Marino25 September 2019[111]
133Rwanda21 September 2021[112]
134Liechtenstein17 November 2021[112]
135Zimbabwe24 November 2021[77]
136Syria4 September 2023[113]
137Togo20 September 2023[77]
138Bahrain22 September 2023[77]
139Benin24 July 2024[77]
140Iraq26 July 2024[77]
141Monaco26 July 2024[77]
142Timor-Leste26 July 2024[77]
143Botswana1 August 2024[77]
144Laos6 November 2024[114]
145Lesotho8 November 2024[77]
146Ivory Coast19 November 2024[77]
147Mali6 December 2024[77]
148Liberia2024[115]
149GreeceUnknown
150Trinidad and TobagoUnknown

Bilateral relations

[edit]

Africa

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Equatorial Guinea21 October 1987

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 October 1987.[116]

In November 2017, PresidentTeodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo paid an official visit to Bolivia becoming the first African head-of-state to ever visit Bolivia.[117]

Libya13 August 2008SeeBolivia–Libya relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 August 2008.[118]

Morocco26 June 1964Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 June 1964[119]
  • Bolivia is accredited to Morocco through its embassy inMadrid,Spain.[120]
  • Morocco is accredited to Bolivia, through its embassy inLima,Peru.
South Africa1967SeeBolivia–South Africa relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1967 when has been accredited first Ambassador of South Africa to Bolivia (resident in Argentina).[121]

Americas

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Argentina7 December 1858SeeArgentina–Bolivia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 December 1858.[122]

BrazilSeeBolivia–Brazil relations

Brazil and Bolivia worked on expanding anddiversifying trade between the two countries in the last quarter of 2008. The 6th Meeting of the Commission for Monitoring Brazil-Bolivia trade was used to this end. As it stood, at the time Brazil was the main destination for exports from Bolivia, having bought, in 2007, 35.7% of the products that Bolivian companies sell to other countries. They were also the main exporter to Bolivia, sending 24.7% of products imported into Bolivia. As industrialized products represented 94.6% of Brazilian sales up to September of the year, Bolivian sales in the same period were limited largely tonatural gas, which accounted for up to 92.7% of the total purchased from the country, or US$1.89 billion. The products with the greatest scope for an increase in trade from Brazil to Bolivia werecrude oil,insecticides,aircraft,vehicleengines,soy ingrain,vegetable oils andironworks products, amongst others. From Bolivia to Brazil, products such asanimal feed, vegetable oil, crude oil,tin, ores ofprecious metals,precious gems,dried andfresh fruit,plants,leather andgarments were also capable of seeing sales grow.[125]

Chile(Diplomatic relations severed 1978)SeeBolivia–Chile relations

Bolivia and Chile have had strained relations ever since independence in the early 19th century because of theAtacama border dispute. Relations soured even more after Bolivia lost its coast to Chile during theWar of the Pacific and became alandlocked country (Bolivia still claims a corridor to the Pacific Ocean.) Chile and Bolivia have maintained only consular relations since 1978 when territorial negotiations failed.

Cuba10 June 1915SeeBolivia–Cuba relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 June 1915.[130]

  • Bolivia has an embassy inHavana.
  • Cuba has an embassy in La Paz.
Mexico21 November 1831SeeBolivia–Mexico relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 November 1831.[131]

Nicaragua6 July 1955

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 July 1955 when has been appointed Ambassador of Nicaragua to Argentina, Doctor Otto Lamm Jarquin as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Bolivia.[134]

Relations between Bolivia and Nicaragua have improved since the election ofDaniel Ortega. In 2007, President Evo Morales stated that "Daniel Ortega's win gives strength and hope not only to Nicaragua but to all of Latin America." Both countries are members of theBolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA).[citation needed]

  • Bolivia has an embassy inManagua.
  • Nicaragua has an embassy in La Paz.
Panama28 August 1942Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 August 1942.[135]
  • Bolivia has an embassy inPanama City.
  • Panama has an embassy in La Paz.
Paraguay17 June 1843SeeBolivia–Paraguay relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 June 1843.[136]

In 2009, Bolivian President Evo Morales and Paraguayan PresidentFernando Lugo signed an agreement settling a border dispute, which led to a war in the 1930s. President Lugo expressed the hope that natural resources could now "be developed and used by both countries"[137]

Peru24 June 1826SeeBolivia–Peru relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 June 1826[138]

United States3 January 1849SeeBolivia–United States relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 January 1849.[140]

Bolivia traditionally has had strong ties to the United States.[141] Economically, the United States has been a long-standing consumer of Bolivian exports and a partner indevelopment projects.[141] In 1991 the United States forgave more than US$350 million owed by Bolivia to theU.S. Agency for International Development and theU.S. Department of Agriculture.[141] Presently, the United States leads an international contingent pressuring Bolivia to curb itsillegal drug trade.

The election ofEvo Morales strained relations between the two countries. Morales rose to power as the head of atrade union ofcoca growers. He has campaigned against coca eradication on behalf of the growers, citing the legitimate uses of coca leaves in traditionalAymara andQuechua culture. His policies directly conflict with the eradiction policy of the United States. In 2008 the Bolivian government suspended the operations of the USDrug Enforcement Administration (DEA) accusing the organisation of being a front for violating the country'ssovereignty and supporting an unsuccessfulcoup d'état. Bolivia's government also expelled the US ambassador.[142] In 2008Gustavo Guzmán, the Bolivian ambassador to Washington said "The U.S. embassy is historically used to calling the shots in Bolivia, violating our sovereignty, treating us like abanana republic", and Evo Morales, then Bolivian president said "Where there is a US ambassador, there is a coup".[143]

Uruguay1 November 1843SeeBolivia–Uruguay relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 November 1843.[146]

  • Bolivia has an embassy inMontevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in La Paz and a consulate-general in Santa Cruz de Sierra.
Venezuela14 September 1883SeeBolivia–Venezuela relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 September 1883.[147]

On November 15, 2019, the Interim President of BoliviaJeanine Áñez severed the diplomatic relations with Venezuela and accused Venezuelans with ties to that country's embassy in La Paz of "plotting against internal security" in Bolivia. On November 12, 2020, PresidentLuis Arce reestablished diplomatic relations with Venezuela.[148]

Asia

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Azerbaijan8 July 1996Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 July 1996.[149]
  • Azerbaijan is accredited to Bolivia from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.[150]
China9 July 1985SeeBolivia–China relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 July 1985.[151]

Since the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and Bolivia in 1985, relations have expanded from economic and cultural ties to military, transport, infrastructure, raw materials, education and other areas.The two countries recently celebrated 25th anniversary of diplomatic ties in Beijing, July 9, 2010.In August 2010, China and Bolivia agreed to continue to develop military ties and cooperation.

  • Bolivia has an embassy inBeijing.
  • China has an embassy in La Paz.
India1958SeeBolivia–India relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1958.[152]

  • Bolivia has an embassy inNew Delhi.
  • India has an embassy in La Paz.
Indonesia1963Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1963.[153]
  • Bolivia is accredited to Indonesia from its embassy in Beijing, China.
  • Indonesia is accredited to Bolivia from its embassy in Lima, Peru.[154]
Iran8 September 2007SeeBolivia–Iran relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 September 2007.[155]

Relations between Iran and Bolivia were strengthened during the presidencies of Evo Morales andMahmoud Ahmadinejad. Morales supported Iran's right to peacefulnuclear energy, while Iran has expandedeconomic relations and investments in Bolivia. Morales visited Iran more than once.[citation needed]

  • Bolivia has an embassy inTehran.
  • Iran has an embassy in La Paz.
IsraelFebruary 1949,
Severed in 2009,
Restored in 28 November 2019,
(Diplomatic relations severed 31 October 2023)		SeeBolivia–Israel relations

In January 2009, Bolivia limited its relations with Israel in the wake of Israeli strikes in Gaza in response to rocket attacks on Israel. Bolivia reportedly promised to take Israel to an international court for alleged war crimes committed against Palestinians in Gaza. On 30 July 2014, Bolivian relations with Israel were further strained. During the2014 Israel–Gaza conflict, Bolivian President Evo Morales declared Israel a "terrorist state" for alleged human rights abuses against Palestinians.[156][157] Following this, Morales canceled a 30-year agreement that allowed Israelis to visit Bolivia without visas.[158]Following a political crisis, the interimJeanine Áñez presidency once again normalized relations with Israel.[159] After thelandslide elections in October 2020 ousted Áñez from the presidency, Vice PresidentDavid Choquehuanca reasserted Bolivia's commitment to the Palestinian cause, saying, "the crimes committed by the Zionist regime, especially against civilians, especially women and children, should not be forgotten, but rather tried in an exemplary manner."[160] On 31 October 2023 Bolivia severed diplomatic ties with Israel in the wake of Israel's attack on theGaza Strip.[161]

Japan3 April 1914SeeBolivia–Japan relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 April 1914.[162]

  • Bolivia has an embassy inTokyo.
  • Japan has an embassy in La Paz and a consular office in Santa Cruz de la Sierra.
Malaysia1977Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1977.[163]
  • Bolivia is accredited to Malaysia from its embassy inTokyo, Japan.[164]
  • Malaysia is accredited to Bolivia from its embassy inLima,Peru.
Philippines7 January 1970Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 January 1970.[165]
  • Bolivia is accredited to the Philippines from its embassy inTokyo, Japan.
  • Philippines is accredited to Bolivia from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina and has two honorary consulates in La Paz and Santa Cruz de la Sierra.[166]
South Korea25 April 1965Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 April 1965.[167]
  • Bolivia has an embassy inSeoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in La Paz.
Turkey26 July 1950SeeBolivia–Turkey relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 July 1950.[168]

  • Bolivia has an embassy inAnkara.
  • Turkey has an embassy in La Paz.[169]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was US$130 million in 2019 (Bolivian exports/imports: 108/22 million USD).[169]
 Vietnam10 February 1987

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 February 1987.[170]

Bolivia's embassy in Beijing, China, functions as the non-resident embassy to Vietnam.[171]Vietnam is accredited to Bolivia, from its embassy in Brazil and has an honorary consulate in Santa Cuz de la Sierra.[172]

Europe

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
DenmarkSeeBolivia–Denmark relations
  • Bolivia is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.[173]
  • Denmark is accredited to Bolivia from its embassy in Bogotá, Colombia.[174]
France9 September 1833Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 September 1833 when has been appointed M. Buchet-Martigny as Charge d'Affaires of France to Bolivia.[175]
  • Bolivia has an embassy inParis.
  • France has an embassy in La Paz.
Germany16 May 1902SeeBolivia–Germany relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 May 1902.[176]After the Second World War, diplomatic relations were established with the Federal Republic of Germany on 30 December 1952.[177]

Diplomatic relations between the two states were broken duringWorld War I. Relations were restored after the war under the agreement concluded on July 20, 1921.

  • Bolivia has an embassy inBerlin.
  • Germany has an embassy in La Paz.
Poland3 September 1935Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 September 1935.[178]
  • Bolivia is accredited to Poland from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.[179]
  • Poland is accredited to Bolivia from its embassy in Lima, Peru.
Russia9 August 1898SeeBolivia–Russia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 August 1898 and diplomatic relations between Bolivia and Soviet Union were established on 18 April 1945.[180]

With Bolivia the focus on relations with Russia is mainly economic, as opposed to political and strategic, as an agreement to invest in Bolivia'snatural gas fields shows. It is seen to "help Latin America...[as it] expands Latin America's economic opportunities, diversifies its relationships...that's healthy."[181]

2008 saw, as a first step to re-establish ties with Russia, the Bolivian government had plans to purchase a small batch of helicopters. Ambassador Leonid Golubev told The Associated Press that he would like to see Russia's ties to Bolivia one day "approach the level" of its growing partnership withVenezuela.[182][183]

In 2009 amid improving relations between the two countries Bolivia and Russia signed various agreements pertaining to energy and military ties, mining activities andillegal drug eradication.[182][184]

  • Bolivia has an embassy inMoscow.
  • Russia has an embassy in La Paz.
Slovakia1 January 1993Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 January 1993.[185]
  • Bolivia is accredited to Slovakia from its embassy in Vienna, Austria.[186]
  • Slovakia is accredited to Bolivia from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.[187]
Spain21 July 1847SeeBolivia–Spain relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 July 1847.[188]

A diplomatic crisis with Spain in 2005 due to a misunderstanding was quickly resolved by Prime MinisterJosé Luis Rodríguez Zapatero and Spain became the first European country visited byEvo Morales on January 4, 2006. However, there remain problems surrounding theexploitation of oil andgas fields in the country by Spanish corporations likeRepsol.

Bolivian PresidentEvo Morales metKing Juan Carlos and held talks with Zapatero during a visit to Spain in September 2009 with the intention of resolving issues concerning thenationalisation of the Bolivian energy sector. The move has the potential to hurt some Spanish companies however relations were said to be "positive" between the Bolivian state and Spanish private sector energy companies. Evo Morales said that Bolivia is ready to accept outside investment in its energy and natural resource industries as long as foreign firms do not act as owners and that Bolivia is "looking for investment, be it from private or state sector. We want partners, not owners of our natural resources."

It was suggested that Bolivia would also negotiate with Spanish companies to produce car parts and lithium batteries in the future.[189]

United Kingdom14 April 1848SeeBolivia–United Kingdom relations
Foreign Office MinisterHugo Swire with Ambassador of Bolivia to the United Kingdom Roberto Calzadilla in London, March 2014.

The UK establisheddiplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 29 September 1840.[192]

  • Bolivia maintains anembassy in London.[193]
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Bolivia through its embassy inLa Paz.[194]

Both countries share common membership of theInternational Criminal Court, theUnited Nations, and theWorld Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Double Taxation Convention.[195]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdefgh"Background Note: Bolivia".U.S. Department of State. November 2002. Archived fromthe original on April 29, 2003.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain.
  2. ^abOverland, Indra; Bazilian, Morgan; Ilimbek Uulu, Talgat; Vakulchuk, Roman; Westphal, Kirsten (2019-11-01)."The GeGaLo index: Geopolitical gains and losses after energy transition".Energy Strategy Reviews.26 100406.Bibcode:2019EneSR..2600406O.doi:10.1016/j.esr.2019.100406.hdl:11250/2634876.ISSN 2211-467X.
  3. ^Library, Dag Hammarskjöld."Research Guides: UN Membership: Founding Members".research.un.org. Retrieved2022-08-17.
  4. ^"Congo violence prompts move of Bolivia's UN troops".Boston Herald. November 11, 2008. Archived fromthe original on December 8, 2008. Retrieved2009-05-14.
  5. ^"Bolivia to seek U.N. Security Council meeting on Jerusalem status".Reuters. December 6, 2017. Archived fromthe original on December 6, 2017. Retrieved2018-02-25.
  6. ^"Security Council Fails to Renew Mandate of Joint Investigative Mechanism on Chemical Weapons Use in Syria, as Permanent Member Casts Veto". United Nations News. October 24, 2017. Retrieved2018-02-25.
  7. ^ab"Bolivia".The World Factbook.Central Intelligence Agency. Archived fromthe original on November 19, 2000.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain.
  8. ^"Bolivia y Perú avanzan en reuniones técnicas".Ministerio Relaciones Exteriores (in Spanish). Archived fromthe original on 1 July 2023. Retrieved28 June 2023.
  9. ^"El Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia y la República de Francia conmemoran 194 años del establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas, vínculo iniciado el 19 de junio de 1831 y sostenido a lo largo del tiempo gracias a la voluntad compartida de fortalecer la amistad, el respeto mutuo" (in Spanish). 19 June 2025. Retrieved2 July 2025.
  10. ^"México y Bolivia celebran 190 aniversario del inicio de sus relaciones diplomáticas".Gobierno de Mexico (in Spanish). 29 November 2021. Retrieved14 September 2023.
  11. ^"Recordarán el Bicentenario de la relación Bolivia- Argentina" (in Spanish). 23 September 2025. Retrieved18 October 2025.
  12. ^"Manuel Camilo Vial Formas".bcn.cl (in Spanish). Retrieved25 October 2025.
  13. ^"El Archivo y Biblioteca Nacionales de Bolivia recibió la visita del Embajador del Reino Unido en el marco de los 185 años de relaciones diplomáticas".rcbolivia.com (in Spanish). 12 August 2025. Retrieved1 September 2025.
  14. ^"El Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia conmemoró, el 7 de abril de 2025, los 183 años de relaciones diplomáticas con la República del Ecuador. Que este aniversario reafirme los lazos de amistad que une a ambos pueblos".X (formerly Twitter) (in Spanish). 8 April 2025. Retrieved12 April 2025.
  15. ^"Hoy se celebra el 175º Aniversario del establecimiento de las Relaciones Diplomáticas entre el Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia y la República Oriental del Uruguay".Ministerio Relaciones Exteriores Bolivia (in Spanish). 1 November 2018. Archived fromthe original on 4 November 2023. Retrieved21 October 2023.
  16. ^"Bolivia ficha pais: Relación de Declaraciones, Tratados y Acuerdos firmados"(PDF) (in Spanish). p. 8. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  17. ^"All Countries".Office of the Historian. Retrieved12 November 2021.
  18. ^Almanach royal de Belgique Classé Et Mis En Ordre Par H. Tarlier (in French). Librairie polytechnique. 1852. p. 22.
  19. ^Annuario diplomatico del Regno d'Italia ... (in Italian). Italy: Ministero degli affari esteri. 1886. p. 54. Retrieved26 October 2023.
  20. ^"El Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia conmemora los 158 años de relaciones diplomáticas con la República Federativa del Brasil. Que este aniversario reafirme los lazos de amistad que unen a ambos países, en beneficio de sus pueblos" (in Spanish). 27 March 2025. Retrieved5 April 2025.
  21. ^"Nunciature to Bolivia". Retrieved26 May 2024.
  22. ^"Bolivia".Portuguese Government Portal. Retrieved11 November 2023.
  23. ^"Gobiernos de Bolivia y Paraguay suscriben 16 instrumentos bilaterales y 6 convenios entre empresarios privados" (in Spanish). 12 June 2019. Retrieved7 September 2019.
  24. ^"Venezuela y Bolivia conmemoran 139 años de establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas".mppre.gob.ve (in Spanish). 15 September 2022. Archived fromthe original on 8 January 2024. Retrieved21 October 2023.
  25. ^Memoria (in Spanish). Bolivia. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. 1896. p. 246.
  26. ^"Press release on the exchange of greetings between the foreign ministers of Russia and Bolivia on the 125th anniversary of bilateral relations". 9 August 2013. Retrieved4 September 2023.
  27. ^"Hoy celebramos el 120 aniversario de la firma del Tratado de Amistad y Comercio entre Bolivia y República Dominicana" (in Spanish). January 30, 2022. Retrieved12 November 2023.
  28. ^"Canciller de Bolivia sostiene reunión bilateral con su Homólogo de Cuba" (in Spanish). 26 June 2017. Retrieved26 June 2025.
  29. ^"Lazos que Trascienden..."Facebook (in Spanish). 20 January 2025. Retrieved26 June 2025.
  30. ^"Embajada de Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia en Costa Rica" (in Spanish). Retrieved26 June 2025.
  31. ^Staatsalmanak voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden (in Dutch). Netherlands Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken , Netherlands. 1913. p. 49. Retrieved3 December 2023.
  32. ^"Bolivia".cancilleria.gov.co (in Spanish). Retrieved12 November 2023.
  33. ^"Relaciones políticas entre Bolivia y Japón".Embajada del Japón en Bolivia. Archived fromthe original on 4 June 2023. Retrieved5 November 2023.
  34. ^Gothaisches Jahrbuch für Diplomatie, Verwaltung und Wirtschaft (in German). 1927. pp. 117–119.
  35. ^Udenrigsministeriets kalender 1946(PDF) (in Danish). 1946. p. 142.
  36. ^"Gaceta Oficial de Bolivia" (in Spanish). 2 February 1932. Retrieved8 January 2024.
  37. ^"DECRETO SUPREMO".gacetaoficialdebolivia.gob.bo (in Spanish). Archived fromthe original on 8 January 2024. Retrieved8 January 2024.
  38. ^Klimek, Antonín; Kubů, Eduard (1995).Československá zahraniční politika 1918-1938 : kapitoly z dějin mezinárodních vztahů (in Czech). Institut pro středoevropskou kulturu a politiku. p. 106.
  39. ^Paweł Ceranka Krzysztof Szczepanik Jan Zdanowski."PLACÓWKI DYPLOMATYCZNE RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ POLSKIEJ 1918–1945"(PDF).archiwa.gov.pl (in Polish). p. 40. Retrieved11 November 2023.
  40. ^"Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater"(PDF).regjeringen.no (in Norwegian). April 27, 1999. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  41. ^"Bolivia y Panamá celebran 79 años de relaciones diplomáticas".cancilleria.gob.bo (in Spanish). 26 August 2021. Retrieved26 March 2025.
  42. ^Memoria (in Spanish). Guatemala. Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores. 1945. p. 134.
  43. ^"El Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia conmemora los 76 años de relaciones diplomáticas con la República Libanesa".Cancillería de Bolivia (in Spanish). 21 February 2025. Retrieved22 April 2025.
  44. ^"No: 192, 21 September 2025, Regarding the 75th Anniversary of the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between Türkiye and the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama, Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela".Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved22 September 2025.
  45. ^"Hungarian-Latin-American Relations after World War II". 2001. Retrieved15 July 2022.
  46. ^"Bolivien: Steckbrief".Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved11 November 2023.
  47. ^Review of International Affairs, 5. Review of International Affairs. 1954. p. 5.
  48. ^"La Gaceta - Diario Oficial de Nicaragua - No. 158 del 15 de julio 1955"(PDF) (in Spanish). p. 1567. Retrieved4 October 2023.
  49. ^"DECRETO SUPREMO No 4679 del 03 de Julio de 1957 publicado en la Gaceta Oficial de Bolivia".derechoteca.com (in Spanish). Retrieved23 April 2025.
  50. ^"Haiti Sun Sunday, November 24th, 1957". Archived fromthe original on 19 December 2024. Retrieved13 November 2023.
  51. ^One Year of Freedom Volumes 12-13. Indian National Congress. 1958. p. 18.
  52. ^"Bolivia y Egipto firman Memorándum de Entendimiento y afianzan relaciones bilaterales".cancilleria.gob.bo (in Spanish). 23 November 2024. Retrieved24 November 2024.
  53. ^Linwood, DeLong (January 2020)."A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019". Retrieved26 June 2023.
  54. ^"Soberana Orden de Malta entrega medalla conmemorativa a S.E. Cardenal Julio Terrazas".Informacion de la Comunidad (in Spanish). 15 June 2012. Retrieved7 May 2025.
  55. ^"รัฐพหุชนชาติแห่งโบลิเวีย (MFA Thailand in Thai)". Archived fromthe original on 2024-08-16. Retrieved2024-01-08.
  56. ^"Bolivia".Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland. Archived fromthe original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved11 November 2023.
  57. ^"Kerja Sama Bilateral" (in Indonesian). Retrieved7 November 2024.
  58. ^"Sri Lanka ve buen momento para relación con la región" (in Spanish). 16 June 2014. Retrieved8 June 2023.
  59. ^"Bolivie".Royaume du Maroc Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres et de la Cooperation (in French). Archived fromthe original on 17 November 2013. Retrieved20 November 2023.
  60. ^"Overview".Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Korea. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  61. ^Gail-Maryse Cockram (1970).Vorster's Foreign Policy. Academica. p. 86.
  62. ^"Diplomatic Relations of Romania".Ministerul Afacerilor Externe. Retrieved28 December 2023.
  63. ^"The Republic of the Philippines and the Plurinational State of Bolivia celebrate 52 years of formal diplomatic relations today, January 7!".DFA Philippines. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  64. ^Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1970. p. 1883.
  65. ^"Установяване, прекъсване u възстановяване на дипломатическите отношения на България (1878-2005)" (in Bulgarian).
  66. ^Memoria que presenta al Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto ... ante el Congreso Ordinario de ... (in Spanish). Bolivia. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto. 1976. p. 290.Pakistán: Excmo. Embajador Extraordinario y Plenipotenciario, D. Aslam Malik, 14 de enero de 1975
  67. ^"Bolivia country brief"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 7 October 2022. Retrieved19 October 2023.
  68. ^Sambandan (1977).Asian Almanac, 1977. p. 8472.
  69. ^"Lijst van Bilaterale Overeenkomsten".adoc.pub (in Dutch). p. 16. Retrieved12 November 2023.
  70. ^"El Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia conmemora los 45 años de relaciones diplomáticas con Argelia" (in Spanish). 2 February 2025. Retrieved5 April 2025.
  71. ^"El Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia fortalece relaciones diplomáticas con la República Árabe Saharaui Democrática".Bolivia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 16 September 2021. Archived fromthe original on 1 June 2022. Retrieved8 January 2024.
  72. ^Daily Report: Latin America. Index - Volume 5. United States. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1983. p. 35.
  73. ^Bahamas Dateline: Business, Investment, Real Estate - Volumes 8-13. Bahamas Dateline. 1983.
  74. ^Tratados y convenios bilaterales (in Spanish). El Ministerio. 1991. p. 429.
  75. ^"List of countries with which Barbados has diplomatic relations (by regions)".Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade (Barbados). Archived fromthe original on 13 August 2017. Retrieved14 September 2023.
  76. ^"Countries with which Jamaica has Established Diplomatic Relations".mfaft.gov.jm. Archived fromthe original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved14 September 2023.
  77. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadaeafagahaiajakalamanaoapaqarasatauav"Diplomatic relations between Bolivia (Plurinational State of) and ..."United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved21 August 2024.
  78. ^"Chronology of Antigua and Barbudas Bilateral relations".Government of Antigua and Barbuda. Archived fromthe original on 17 January 2012. Retrieved14 September 2023.
  79. ^"Countries with which Guyana has Establishment Diplomatic Relations".Ministry of Foreign Affairs Co-operative Republic of Guyana. Archived fromthe original on 2019-12-24. Retrieved14 September 2023.
  80. ^"Diplomatic & Consular List"(PDF).Ministry of Foreign Affairs Singapore. p. 289. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 20 August 2017. Retrieved11 November 2023.
  81. ^Tratados y convenios bilaterales (in Spanish). Bolivia. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto. 1989. p. 13.
  82. ^Tratados y convenios bilaterales (in Spanish). Bolivia. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto. 1989. p. 264.
  83. ^Daily Report: Latin America. Index, Bind 10. United States. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1989. p. 223.
  84. ^"Політичні відносини".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. Retrieved23 August 2019.
  85. ^Mojca Pristavec Đogić (2016)."Priznanja samostojne Slovenije"(PDF) (in Slovenian). p. 5. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 26 April 2023. Retrieved13 November 2023.
  86. ^"Bolivia - Bilateral Relations".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia. Retrieved22 September 2023.
  87. ^"Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations".Republic of Croatia Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs. Retrieved11 November 2023.
  88. ^"Bolívia: Základné informácie".mzv.sk (in Slovak). Retrieved13 November 2023.
  89. ^Six new envoys present credentials. Jordan Times , 1993, Jordan, English. February 9, 1993. p. 1.
  90. ^"List of countries with which Lithuania has established diplomatic relations".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Lithuania. Archived fromthe original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved11 November 2023.
  91. ^"Нота от 11 апреля 1994 г. "[Соглашение между Республикой Беларусь и Республикой Боливия об установлении дипломатических отношений]" (in Russian). Retrieved30 July 2021.
  92. ^"List of states with which the Republic of Tajikistan established diplomatic relations"(PDF). Retrieved11 November 2023.
  93. ^"Angola y Bolivia fortalecen sus relaciones bilaterales".cancilleria.gob.bo (in Spanish). 27 September 2024. Retrieved1 October 2024.
  94. ^"Order of Precedence Among Heads of Diplomatic Missions".Diplomatic & Consular Representatives Accredited to NZ. Archived fromthe original on 11 August 2002. Retrieved18 November 2023.
  95. ^"Dáil Éireann debate - Thursday, 9 Oct 2008 Vol. 663 No. 2".Oireachtas. Retrieved30 October 2020.
  96. ^"Celebramos 25 años de relaciones diplomáticas con el Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia".Embajada de Irlanda para Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay y Uruguay on Facebook (in Spanish). 30 September 2024. Retrieved5 May 2025.
  97. ^"Reunión en la ONU: Bolivia y Arabia Saudita establecen un nuevo marco para el diálogo y la colaboración".cancilleria.gob.bo (in Spanish). 24 September 2024. Retrieved25 September 2024.
  98. ^"La Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores y Cooperación Internacional, hoy celebra su 21 aniversario de relaciones diplomáticas con el Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia, hermano país suramericano con quien sostenemos relaciones de solidaridad y hermandad desde el año 2002". 5 September 2023. Retrieved15 June 2024.
  99. ^"Dates of Establishment and Renewal of Diplomatic Relations".Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Latvia. Retrieved11 November 2023.
  100. ^"Diplomaatiliste suhete (taas)kehtestamise kronoloogia".Republic of Estonia Ministry of Foreign Affairs (in Estonian). Retrieved11 November 2023.
  101. ^"Mercado sostiene reunión bilateral con el embajador de Irán en Bolivia Morteza Tafreshi".diputados.gob.bo (in Spanish). 23 February 2023. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  102. ^"Bolivia y Libia establecen relaciones diplomáticas".Opinion (in Spanish). 13 August 2008. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  103. ^"Política Exterior Soberana para Vivir Bien"(PDF).cancilleria.gob.bo (in Spanish). p. 30. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 19 June 2018. Retrieved14 September 2023.
  104. ^"رئيس الجمهورية يتسلم أوراق اعتماد سفراء جدد بتونس".turess.com (in Arabic). 24 July 2012. Retrieved21 September 2023.
  105. ^"States with Which the Republic of Uzbekistan Established Diplomatic Relations".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Retrieved6 February 2025.
  106. ^"Embajadores de Sudan, Georgia, Nueva Zelandia, y Angola presentaron sus Cartas Credenciales ante el Presidente Evo Morales".Ministerio Relaciones Exteriores Bolivia (in Spanish). 24 October 2014. Archived fromthe original on 26 February 2024. Retrieved15 September 2023.
  107. ^"Burundi & Bolivia, this week, signed a memorandum of establishment of diplomatic relations between the 2 countries".Atulinda Allan. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  108. ^"St. Kitts and Nevis Concretizes Its Relations with the Plurinational State of Bolivia".sknis.gov.kn. January 26, 2017. Retrieved14 September 2023.
  109. ^"AHORA | Cancilleres de Bolivia, Diego Pary y de Santa Lucía, Sarah Flood-Beaubrun, suscribieron un Comunicado Conjunto para el Establecimiento de Relaciones Diplomáticas entre ambos Estados".Cancillería de Bolivia (in Spanish). June 27, 2019. Retrieved12 November 2023.
  110. ^"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Diplomatic and Consular List"(PDF). February 2020. p. 111. Retrieved12 November 2023.
  111. ^"16-17-18-21-22-23-24 settembre 2020" (in Italian). pp. 15–16. Retrieved3 December 2021.
  112. ^ab"Instrumentos internacionales bilaterales suscritos y adoptados".cancilleria.gob.bo (in Spanish). Retrieved1 September 2025.
  113. ^"Siria anuncia que aceptó establecer relaciones diplomáticas con Bolivia" (in Spanish). 4 September 2023. Retrieved24 August 2024.
  114. ^"Diplomatic relations". 18 November 2024. Archived from the original on 11 March 2025. Retrieved7 July 2025.
  115. ^"Full Text: Annual Message by Pres. Joseph N. Boakai". 28 January 2025. Retrieved28 January 2025.
  116. ^Guinea, Equatorial (21 October 1987)."Diplomatic Relations Between Equatorial Guinea and Bolivia as of 21 Oct. 1987".United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  117. ^"Presidente de Guinea Ecuatorial realiza Visita Oficial a Bolivia | MINISTERIO DE RELACIONES EXTERIORES".cancilleria.gob.bo. Archived fromthe original on 2019-02-07. Retrieved2019-02-05.
  118. ^"Bolivia y Libia establecen relaciones diplomáticas".Opinion (in Spanish). 13 August 2008. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  119. ^"Bolivie".Royaume du Maroc Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres et de la Cooperation (in French). Archived fromthe original on 17 November 2013. Retrieved20 November 2023.
  120. ^"EMBAJADA" (in Spanish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bolivia.Archived from the original on 2022-06-29. Retrieved2022-01-26.
  121. ^Gail-Maryse Cockram (1970).Vorster's Foreign Policy. Academica. p. 86.
  122. ^"Tratado de amistad, comercio y navegación entre los Gobiernos de la Confederación Argentina y de Bolivia".Biblioteca Digital de Tratados (in Spanish). Retrieved11 November 2023.
  123. ^"Embajada en Bolivia".ebolv.cancilleria.gob.ar.
  124. ^"Embajada de Bolivia en la Argentina".Embajada de Bolivia en Argentina. Archived fromthe original on 2019-05-02. Retrieved2019-12-10.
  125. ^http://www.istockanalyst.com/article/viewiStockNews+articleid_2775227.html[permanent dead link]
  126. ^"Embajada de Bolivia en Brasil" (in Spanish). Retrieved10 February 2021.
  127. ^"Bolívia: Seu Destino".Portal Consular (in Brazilian Portuguese). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Brazil. Archived fromthe original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved10 February 2021.
  128. ^Consulate-General of Bolivia in Santiago (in Spanish)Archived 2014-11-29 at theWayback Machine
  129. ^"Consulate-General of Chile in La Paz (in Spanish)". Archived fromthe original on 2014-11-29. Retrieved2014-11-21.
  130. ^Anuario Geográfico y Estadístico de la Republica de Bolivia 1919 (in Spanish). Bolivia. Dirección general de Estacístico y Estudios Geográficos. 1919. p. 171.
  131. ^"México y Bolivia celebran 190 aniversario del inicio de sus relaciones diplomáticas".Gobierno de Mexico (in Spanish). 29 November 2021. Retrieved14 September 2023.
  132. ^"Portada".embol.org.mx. Archived fromthe original on 2019-02-07. Retrieved2019-02-05.
  133. ^"Inicio".embamex.sre.gob.mx.
  134. ^"La Gaceta - Diario Oficial de Nicaragua - No. 158 del 15 de julio 1955"(PDF) (in Spanish). p. 1567. Retrieved4 October 2023.
  135. ^"Relaciones Diplomaticas de la Republica de Panama"(PDF) (in Spanish). p. 195. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 6 August 2020. Retrieved14 September 2023.
  136. ^"Bolivia-Paraguay: Relacion de las negociaciones diplomaticas de uno y otro pais en los anos 1863 a 1913, presentada por el doctor Ricardo Mujia Enviado Extraordinario y Ministro Plenipotenciario de Bolivia en el Paraguay"(PDF).Edición Oficial Tomo III (in Spanish). p. 787. Retrieved21 October 2023.
  137. ^"Bolivia and Paraguay agree border".BBC News. 2009-04-28. Retrieved2010-05-02.
  138. ^"Bolivia y Perú avanzan en reuniones técnicas".Ministerio Relaciones Exteriores (in Spanish). Archived fromthe original on 1 July 2023. Retrieved28 June 2023.
  139. ^"Embajada de Bolivia".boliviaenperu.com. Archived fromthe original on 2014-11-29. Retrieved2014-11-21.
  140. ^"A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Bolivia".Office of the Historian. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  141. ^abc"Country Profile: Bolivia"(PDF).Federal Research Division,Library of Congress. January 2006. RetrievedNovember 5, 2020.Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in thepublic domain.
  142. ^"Bolivia halts US anti-drugs work".BBC News. 2008-11-01. Retrieved2010-05-02.
  143. ^"Evo Morales: "Donde hay un Embajador de Estados Unidos, hay golpe de Estado" en Noticias24.com". Archived fromthe original on 2011-08-08. Retrieved2011-12-13.
  144. ^"Embassy of Bolivia in Washington, DC (in English and Spanish)". Archived fromthe original on December 30, 2014.
  145. ^"Embassy of the United States in La Paz (in English and Spanish)". Archived fromthe original on 2008-02-25. Retrieved2008-02-26.
  146. ^"Hoy se celebra el 175º Aniversario del establecimiento de las Relaciones Diplomáticas entre el Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia y la República Oriental del Uruguay".Ministerio Relaciones Exteriores Bolivia (in Spanish). 1 November 2018. Archived fromthe original on 4 November 2023. Retrieved21 October 2023.
  147. ^"Venezuela y Bolivia conmemoran 139 años de establecimiento de relaciones diplomáticas".mppre.gob.ve (in Spanish). 15 September 2022. Archived fromthe original on 8 January 2024. Retrieved21 October 2023.
  148. ^Reuters
  149. ^"Diplomatic Relations Between Azerbaijan and Bolivia as of 8 July 1996".United Nations Digital Library. 8 July 1996. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  150. ^pickvisa.com."Azerbaijan Embassies in Bolivia".pickvisa.com. Retrieved2021-01-25.
  151. ^"Diplomatic Relations Between Bolivia and China as of 9 July 1985".United Nations Digital Library. 9 July 1985. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  152. ^One Year of Freedom Volumes 12-13. Indian National Congress. 1958. p. 18.
  153. ^"Bolivia".Embajada de la República de Indonesia en Lima, Perú acreditado por Bolivia (in Spanish). Retrieved11 November 2023.
  154. ^"Kedutaan Besar Republik Indonesia, DI Lima" (in Indonesian). Indonesian Embassy in Lima, Peru. Retrieved2020-11-24.
  155. ^"Mercado sostiene reunión bilateral con el embajador de Irán en Bolivia Morteza Tafreshi".diputados.gob.bo (in Spanish). 23 February 2023. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  156. ^"Israel Is A 'Terrorist State': Bolivian President".International Business Times. 2014.
  157. ^Baeza, Cecilia. "Palestinians and Latin America's Indigenous Peoples."Middle East Report 274 (Spring 2015).
  158. ^Ahren, Raphael; staff, T. O. I."Bolivia's interim government announces renewal of diplomatic ties with Israel".Times of Israel. Retrieved2019-11-28.
  159. ^"Bolivia Renews Diplomatic Relations With Israel After Over Decade of Severed Ties".Haaretz. 28 November 2019.
  160. ^"Choquehuanca: Crímenes cometidos por el régimen Sionista contra Palestina deben ser juzgados".
  161. ^Ramos, Daniel (2023-11-01)."Bolivia severs ties with Israel, others recall envoys over Gaza".Reuters. Retrieved2023-11-07.
  162. ^"Relaciones políticas entre Bolivia y Japón".Embajada del Japón en Bolivia. Archived fromthe original on 4 June 2023. Retrieved5 November 2023.
  163. ^"Wisma Putra congratulates the Plurinational State of Bolivia on the joyous occasion of its 196th Independence Day". 6 August 2021. Retrieved12 November 2023.
  164. ^"Procedimiento de Legalización de Documentos de Origen de Países En los Cuales Bolivia no tiene una Embajada o Consulado, y a los cuales Ninguna Embajada de Bolivia es Concurrente". Bolivian Embassy in Beijing, PRC. Archived fromthe original on 2019-12-29. Retrieved2017-10-31.
  165. ^"The Republic of the Philippines and the Plurinational State of Bolivia celebrate 52 years of formal diplomatic relations today, January 7!".DFA Philippines. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  166. ^"Relaciones Bilaterales entre Bolivia y Filipinas" (in Spanish). Filipino Embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Archived fromthe original on 2021-12-29. Retrieved2014-04-10.
  167. ^"Overview".Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Korea. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  168. ^"Este martes 9 de abril, El Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia y la República de Turquía fortalecieron sus lazos diplomáticos, de comercio y cooperación, con la primera Visita Oficial de un mandatario boliviano a ese país".Ministerio Relaciones Exteriores Bolivia (in Spanish). 9 April 2019. Retrieved13 September 2023.[permanent dead link]
  169. ^ab"Relations between Turkey and Bolivia".
  170. ^"Diplomatic Relations Between Bolivia and Viet Nam as of 10 Feb. 1987".United Nations Digital Library. 10 February 1987. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  171. ^"FOR FOREIGNER".Bolivian embassy, Seoul. Retrieved2022-01-25.
  172. ^"Đại sứ Phạm Thị Kim Hoa trình Thư ủy nhiệm lên Tổng thống Bolivia".Báo Thế giới & Việt Nam (in Vietnamese).Archived from the original on 2022-06-08. Retrieved2022-06-08.
  173. ^"Diplomatic list in Copenhagen (page 44)". Archived fromthe original on 2020-11-11. Retrieved2019-06-11.
  174. ^Sites, Manage One Pages."Bolivia".Manage One Pages Sites. Archived fromthe original on 2019-12-10. Retrieved2019-12-10.
  175. ^Annuaire diplomatique et consulaire de la République Française Volume 18 (in French). Imprimerie Nationale. 1896. p. 351.
  176. ^Almanach de Gotha (in French). Gotha, Germany : Justus Perthes. 1904. p. 683. Retrieved11 November 2023.
  177. ^"Bolivien: Steckbrief".Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved11 November 2023.
  178. ^Paweł Ceranka Krzysztof Szczepanik Jan Zdanowski."PLACÓWKI DYPLOMATYCZNE RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ POLSKIEJ 1918–1945"(PDF).archiwa.gov.pl (in Polish). p. 40. Retrieved11 November 2023.
  179. ^"Herzlich willkommen!".Bolivian embassy, Berlin (in German). Retrieved2022-01-25.
  180. ^"Relaciones Bilaterales".Embajado del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia en la Federacion de Rusia (in Spanish). Retrieved13 November 2023.
  181. ^Voice of America[dead link]
  182. ^ab"Bolivia proyecta comprar armamento ruso por varios millones de dólares".El País. May 22, 2009 – via elpais.com.
  183. ^"Latin America". CBS. October 3, 2008. Retrieved2009-05-14.[dead link]
  184. ^"Russia to aid Bolivia drugs fight".BBC News. 2009-02-17. Retrieved2010-05-02.
  185. ^"Bolívia: Základné informácie".mzv.sk (in Slovak). Retrieved13 November 2023.
  186. ^"Main Page".Bolivia embassy, Vienna (in Spanish). Retrieved2022-01-26.
  187. ^"Všetky zastupiteľstvá" (in Slovak). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Slovak Republic. Archived fromthe original on 25 March 2021. Retrieved5 October 2021.
  188. ^"Bolivia ficha pais: Relación de Declaraciones, Tratados y Acuerdos firmados"(PDF) (in Spanish). p. 8. Retrieved13 September 2023.
  189. ^"Bolivia welcomes foreign investment".aljazeera.com.
  190. ^"Embajada de Bolivia".[permanent dead link]
  191. ^"Bolivia in Spain".
  192. ^Manual de referencia de tratados comerciales latinoamericanos (in Spanish). United States Tariff Commission. 1941. p. 39.
  193. ^Diplomat Magazine (1 March 2012)."Bolivia".Diplomat Magazine.Archived from the original on 13 May 2025. Retrieved2 June 2025.
  194. ^"British Embassy La Paz".GOV.UK.Archived from the original on 26 May 2025. Retrieved2 June 2025.
  195. ^HM Revenue and Customs (29 March 2005)."Bolivia: tax treaties".GOV.UK.Archived from the original on 8 April 2025. Retrieved2 June 2025.
Africa
Coat of arms of Bolivia
Americas
Asia
Europe
Former
Diplomatic missions
Related
Foreign relations of South America
Sovereign states
South America
Dependencies
National
Other
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Bolivia&oldid=1323303727"
Category:
Hidden categories:
[8]ページ先頭
©2009-2025 Movatter.jp