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Forbach

Coordinates:49°11′N6°54′E / 49.19°N 6.90°E /49.19; 6.90
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For other uses, seeForbach (disambiguation).
Subprefecture and commune in Grand Est, France
Forbach
Town centre
Town centre
Coat of arms of Forbach
Coat of arms
Map
Location of Forbach
Forbach is located in France
Forbach
Forbach
Show map of France
Forbach is located in Grand Est
Forbach
Forbach
Show map of Grand Est
Coordinates:49°11′N6°54′E / 49.19°N 6.90°E /49.19; 6.90
CountryFrance
RegionGrand Est
DepartmentMoselle
ArrondissementForbach-Boulay-Moselle
CantonForbach
IntercommunalityCA Forbach Porte de France
Government
 • Mayor(2020–2026)Alexander Cassaro[1]
Area
1
16.32 km2 (6.30 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[2]
21,111
 • Density1,294/km2 (3,350/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
57227 /57600
Elevation192–388 m (630–1,273 ft)
(avg. 222 m or 728 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Forbach (/fɔːrˈbɑːk/for-BAHK,French:[fɔʁbak],German:[ˈfɔʁbax];Alemannic German:Fuerboch) is acommune in theFrench department ofMoselle, northeasternFrench region ofGrand Est.

It is located on theGerman border approximately 15 minutes from the center ofSaarbrücken, Germany, with which it constitutes a cross-borderconurbation, and is part of the Saar-MoselleEurodistrict. In 2017, Forbach had a population of 21,552 inhabitants,[3] which, including its greater urban area, makes it the largest town in the eastern Moselle area.

History

[edit]

Forbach is located in an area inhabited for a long time. Remains of the Celtic and especially Roman eras have been found in Forbach.

Medieval era

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A castle was built on the Schlossberg hill at the end of the 12th century. It was gradually enlarged and, around 1550, connected to the city by an enclosure wall. Between the 10th century and 1793, many seigneurs owned the seigneury of Forbach. Johann Fischart, a prolific satirical writer, worked as a bailiff at Forbach Castle where he stayed from 1583 to 1590.

The chapel of the Holy Cross of Forbach was mentioned in a letter from 1338 by the Bishop of Metz, Adhémar of Monteil, under the name of capella sancta crucis juxta Forbachum. It was probably built in the 13th century. It was extensively renovated in the 14th and 15th centuries. It was probably the property of the Hombourg-Haut congregations since 1257. It was badly damaged during theThirty Years' War.

War of 1870, German annexation and WW1

[edit]

Until theFranco-Prussian War, Forbach was in the French orbit. However, after the nearbyBattle of Spicheren in August 1870, the town was occupied by German troops, and at the conclusion of the war annexed to Germany, forming part of the imperial province ofAlsace–Lorraine.[4] The region was returned to France in1918.

Post-WW2 period

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Before theSchengen Treaty, Forbach was a major border crossing at whichcustoms procedures were carried out, both for road and for rail transport and travel.[5] Since 2007, theTGV andICE high speed trains connectingParis andFrankfurt have stopped at thestation in Forbach, and passengers can now travel to ParisGare de l'Est in 1 hour and 45 minutes and to the German financial center andairport in the Frankfurt and Rhine-Main metropolis in 2 hours.

Its location in theSaar-Warndt coal mining basin,[6] which extends into eastern Moselle, made Forbach an important mining town, with offices of the Houillères du Bassin de Lorraine (Lorraine coal mining board), a section of theFrench Coal Board. When the mining operations were permanently shut down in 2004,[7] Forbach turned to activities in the tourism, service, energy and other industries to rebuild the local economy.[8] The "Musée des Mineurs - Wendel" in the neighboring village ofPetite-Rosselle is a coal mining museum which preserves the industrial and cultural heritage from the coal mining era in the Forbach region. It was awarded the "Musées de France" quality label in 2002.[9]

Population

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
17931,539—    
18001,769+2.01%
18061,881+1.03%
18213,110+3.41%
18364,428+2.38%
18414,288−0.64%
18614,860+0.63%
18665,691+3.21%
18715,411−1.00%
18756,173+3.35%
18807,114+2.88%
18857,839+1.96%
18909,575+4.08%
18957,867−3.85%
19008,208+0.85%
19058,628+1.00%
YearPop.±% p.a.
19109,704+2.38%
192110,514+0.73%
192611,569+1.93%
193111,491−0.14%
193612,167+1.15%
19469,599−2.34%
195421,591+10.66%
196221,704+0.07%
196823,120+1.06%
197525,244+1.26%
198227,187+1.06%
199027,076−0.05%
199922,807−1.89%
200721,801−0.56%
201221,475−0.30%
201721,552+0.07%
Source: EHESS[10] and INSEE (1968–2017)[11]

Notable people from Forbach

[edit]

Climate

[edit]
Climate data for Forbach (Seingbouse) (2003–2020 normals, extremes 2003–present)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)13.9
(57.0)		21.4
(70.5)		23.9
(75.0)		26.8
(80.2)		30.7
(87.3)		35.2
(95.4)		37.9
(100.2)		37.8
(100.0)		32.6
(90.7)		27.0
(80.6)		21.0
(69.8)		14.9
(58.8)		37.9
(100.2)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)4.0
(39.2)		5.4
(41.7)		10.0
(50.0)		15.5
(59.9)		18.6
(65.5)		22.5
(72.5)		24.7
(76.5)		24.0
(75.2)		20.0
(68.0)		14.4
(57.9)		8.5
(47.3)		4.8
(40.6)		14.4
(57.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)1.8
(35.2)		2.6
(36.7)		6.1
(43.0)		10.7
(51.3)		13.8
(56.8)		17.6
(63.7)		19.7
(67.5)		19.1
(66.4)		15.4
(59.7)		10.9
(51.6)		6.0
(42.8)		2.7
(36.9)		10.5
(50.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)−0.4
(31.3)		−0.2
(31.6)		2.2
(36.0)		5.9
(42.6)		9.1
(48.4)		12.6
(54.7)		14.6
(58.3)		14.2
(57.6)		10.8
(51.4)		7.4
(45.3)		3.6
(38.5)		0.5
(32.9)		6.7
(44.1)
Record low °C (°F)−12.3
(9.9)		−15.3
(4.5)		−12.4
(9.7)		−3.4
(25.9)		−0.3
(31.5)		3.9
(39.0)		7.4
(45.3)		5.8
(42.4)		3.1
(37.6)		−5.2
(22.6)		−5.8
(21.6)		−17.0
(1.4)		−17.0
(1.4)
Averageprecipitation mm (inches)63.0
(2.48)		57.7
(2.27)		55.3
(2.18)		39.8
(1.57)		68.9
(2.71)		60.3
(2.37)		54.7
(2.15)		68.4
(2.69)		54.8
(2.16)		61.4
(2.42)		66.0
(2.60)		81.1
(3.19)		731.4
(28.80)
Average precipitation days(≥ 1.0 mm)12.49.59.77.510.09.18.69.97.39.710.612.7116.9
Source: Meteociel[14]

See also

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Gallery

[edit]
  • Town centre
    Town centre
  • Catholic Church
    Catholic Church
  • Train station
  • town hall
    town hall
  • Monument to miners, Barrabino palace
    Monument to miners, Barrabino palace

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^"Répertoire national des élus: les maires".data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
  2. ^"Populations de référence 2022" (in French). National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 19 December 2024.
  3. ^Téléchargement du fichier d'ensemble des populations légales en 2017,INSEE
  4. ^Wikisource One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Forbach".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 636.
  5. ^Assemblée Nationale de France,Compte-rendu des séances de l'Assemblée nationale législative. Tome Dix-Septième, du 4 novembre au 1 décembre 1851. Addition à la séance du jeudi 6 novembre 1851, p 23.
  6. ^This basin lies 44 km east ofLongeville-les-Metz, under the Franco-German border extending into the Warndt region of Saarland in Germany.See map
  7. ^"France ends coal mining with tears but not a single protest".The Independent, April 24, 2004.
  8. ^Lorraine Regional Council:Territoires 2020: Moselle-Est. Synthèse des propositions issues du travail d'expérimentation, pp 17-25.
  9. ^List of French museums awarded the label of "Musées de France"Archived 2014-07-23 at theWayback Machine
  10. ^Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui:Commune data sheet Forbach,EHESS(in French).
  11. ^Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  12. ^"FORBACH".Festival de Cannes. 28 May 2023.
  13. ^"UN CERTAIN REGARD 2014 AWARDS".Festival de Cannes. Archived fromthe original on 24 May 2014.
  14. ^"Normales et records pour Seingbouse (57)". Meteociel. Retrieved21 November 2024.

External links

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related toForbach.
Moselle (department)Communes of theMoselle department
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