Floyd Bennett | |
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| Born | (1890-10-25)October 25, 1890 |
| Died | April 25, 1928(1928-04-25) (aged 37) Quebec City, Quebec, Canada |
| Place of burial | |
| Allegiance |  United States of America |
| Branch |  United States Navy |
| Service years | 1917–1928 |
| Rank | Warrant Officer |
| Awards | Medal of Honor |
Floyd Bennett (October 25, 1890 – April 25, 1928) was aUnited States Naval Aviator who, along with then USNCommanderRichard E. Byrd, made the first flight to theNorth Pole in May 1926. However, their claim to have reached the pole is disputed.[1]
Bennett was born inWarrensburg, New York, in 1890. He was anautomobile mechanic before he enlisted in the Navy in 1917, duringWorld War I. Bennett attended flight school, learned to fly and was rated as an Aviation Pilot. Bennett served withRichard E. Byrd on an aviation survey ofGreenland in 1925, on which Byrd came to respect his ability as a pilot.
Byrd named Bennett as his pilot for an attempt to reach theNorth Pole by air in 1926. The expedition was financed byJohn D. Rockefeller Jr.,Edsel Ford,Vincent Astor,Rodman Wanamaker and T.F. Ryan.[2]
Bennett was at the controls on May 9 as the two men made their attempt, in aFokker tri-motor called theJosephine Ford. They returned to their airfield inSpitzbergen on that day. During the flight, one of the aircraft's engines developed an oil leak. Bennett advised turning back but Byrd decided to continue the flight.[3] Although members of the European press were skeptical of their claim (because it seemed that the plane had been away from Spitzbergen too briefly to have reached the North Pole), Byrd and Bennett were lionized as heroes in America.[4]
Both Bennett and Byrd received theMedal of Honor, as well as the Navy Distinguished Service Medal for this feat. Upon their arrival in the United States, Byrd was awarded theHubbard Medal of theNational Geographic Society and Bennett was awarded a gold medal from the society in recognition of their achievement. The subsequent discovery of Byrd's diary of the flight, with erased (but still legible) sextant readings, has been considered as evidence they might not have reached the North Pole.
After returning to the United States, Bennett flew theJosephine Ford on a goodwill tour of America, with Bernt Balchen as his co-pilot. Later in his life Balchen claimed that Bennett confessed to him that he and Byrd did not reach the North Pole but, instead, flew around in circles. Balchen would go on to pilot Byrd to the South Pole in 1929, became a highly decorated Army Air Forces officer during the Second World War and retired from the United States Air Force as a colonel.
Byrd and his team had been leading candidates to win the largeOrteig Prize in 1927, to be awarded for the first nonstop flight between France and the United States. Once again, Byrd named Bennett as his pilot for the attempt. However, Bennett was seriously injured during a practice flight and the airplane, a Fokker F-VIIb-3m namedAmerica, was badly damaged when it crashed on take-off. Byrd and his fellow pilotGeorge O. Noville were also slightly injured in the crash. Following this failure by Bennett and Byrd,Charles Lindbergh won the Orteig Prize, flying fromLong Island, New York, nonstop toParis, France.
TheBremen was a German aircraft which had just completed the first successfultransatlantic aeroplane flight from east to west, but was damaged and unflyable after a landing on a peat bog onGreenly Island, Canada at the end of that non-stop flight from Europe, on April 13, 1928. Floyd Bennett andBernt Balchen flew aFord Trimotor to pick up the three stranded Bremen Flyers. Bennett had developedpneumonia following a previous crash. His condition worsened during the rescue, and he died shortly afterward, while in hospital in Quebec City, on April 25, 1928.[5][6] Balchen was paid $10,000 ($183,000 today) for the effort, an amount that was passed to Bennett's widow.[7] He was buried atArlington National Cemetery, inArlington County, Virginia.[8]
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Bennett and Byrd became national heroes upon their return from the Arctic when they arrived in New York on June 22, 1926. They received numerous honors from both governments and private organizations. Congress voted to award both men theMedal of Honor by a special act passed on December 21, 1926.[9] The medals were presented to Byrd and Bennett at the White House by President Coolidge on February 25, 1927.[10] Shortly after his return to the United States, Bennett was promoted fromChief Aviation Pilot to thewarrant officer rank ofMachinist. Bennett's date of rank as a warrant officer was May 9, 1926 – the date of his historic flight.[11]
Bennett received the following awards during his career in the Navy:
Rank and organization: Machinist, U.S. Navy. Born: October 25, 1890, Warrensburg, N.Y. Accredited to: New York. Other Navy award:Distinguished Service Medal.
Citation:
For distinguishing himself conspicuously by courage and intrepidity at the risk of his life as a member of the Byrd Arctic Expedition and thus contributing largely to the success of the firstheavier-than-air flight to the North Pole and return.
The President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting the Navy Distinguished Service Medal to Aviation Pilot Floyd Bennett, United States Navy, for exceptionally meritorious and distinguished service in a position of great responsibility to the Government of the United States. His courage and ability contributed largely to the success of the first heavier-than-air craft flight to the North Pole and return.
This article incorporates text from thepublic domainDictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships.| International | |
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