Florian Schneider | |
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 Schneider in 1975 | |
| Background information | |
| Born | Florian Schneider-Esleben (1947-04-07)7 April 1947 |
| Died | 21 April 2020(2020-04-21) (aged 73) Düsseldorf, Germany |
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| Years active | 1968–2008, 2014–2015 |
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Florian Schneider-Esleben (7 April 1947 – 21 April 2020) was a German musician. He is best known as one of the founding members and leaders of theelectronic bandKraftwerk, performing his role with the band until his departure in 2008.
Schneider was born on 7 April 1947[1] inÖhningen, at the time part of theFrench occupation zone in southern Germany, near theBodensee, in what would become the state ofBaden-Württemberg in 1952.[2] His parents werePaul Schneider-Esleben, an architect, and his wife Evamaria (née van Diemen-Meyerhof). Schneider wasJewish on his mother's side;[3] Paul married Evamaria in 1946 against the will of his father, who remained a loyalNazi.[4] Schneider's family moved toDüsseldorf when he was three years old.[5][6]
Schneider foundedKraftwerk withRalf Hütter in 1970.[7] They met in 1968 while studying at the Academy of Arts inRemscheid, then at theRobert Schumann Hochschule in Düsseldorf, playing improvisational music together in the ensembleOrganisation.[7] Before meeting Hütter, Schneider had played withEberhard Kranemann in the groupPissoff from 1967 to 1968.[8] From 1968 to 1969, Schneider played flute, with Hütter onHammond organ, Kranemann on bass andPaul Lovens on drums.[9]
Originally, Schneider's main instrument was the flute, which he would treat using electronic effects,[10] including tape echo,ring modulation, pitch-to-voltage converters,fuzz andwah-wah, allowing him to use his flute as a bass instrument. He also played violin (similarly treated), electric guitar (including slide guitar), and made use of synthesizers (both as a melodic instrument and as a sound processor).[7] Later, he also created his own electronic flute instrument. After the release of Kraftwerk's 1974 album,Autobahn, his use of acoustic instruments diminished.[10]
Schneider, speaking in 1991, said: "I had studied seriously up to a certain level, then I found it boring; I looked for other things, I found that the flute was too limiting... Soon I bought a microphone, then loudspeakers, then an echo, then a synthesizer. Much later, I threw the flute away; it was a sort of process".[5] Although he had limited keyboard technique, he apparently preferred to trigger the synth sounds through a keyboard (later, developments insequencing limited the need for hands-on playing).[11]
Schneider's approach was concentrated on sound design (in an interview in 2005, Hütter called him a "sound fetishist")[12] andvocoding/speech-synthesis. One patented implementation of the latter was christened the Robovox, a distinctive feature of the Kraftwerk sound.[11] Hütter said of Schneider's approach:
"He is a sound perfectionist, so, if the sound isn't up to a certain standard, he doesn't want to do it. With electronic music there's no necessity ever to leave the studio. You could keep making records and sending them out. Why put so much energy into travel, spending time in airports, in waiting halls, in backstage areas, being like an animal, just for two hours of a concert? But now, with the Kling Klang studio on tour with us, we work in the afternoon, we do soundchecks, we compose, we put down new ideas and computer graphics. There's always so much to do, and we do make progress."[12]
In 2015, Schneider andDan Lacksman, with the help ofUwe Schmidt, released an electronic ode, "StopPlastic Pollution", for ocean environment conservation as part of theParley for the Oceans campaign.[13]
Schneider did not perform on any of the dates of the Kraftwerk 2008 world tour, with his last performance with the band being in November 2006 in Spain. His position onstage was subsequently filled byStefan Pfaffe, an associate working for the band as a video technician.[14] According to a close associate of the group, Schneider left Kraftwerk in November 2008.[15] In January 2009, Schneider's departure was confirmed.[16][17]
Reputedly, Schneider's departure followed a dispute with Hütter over a bicycle pump,[18][circular reference] a rumour which some sources describe as unfounded.[19]
Schneider died of cancer on 21 April 2020,[20][21] fourteen days after his 73rd birthday, having suffered from the illness for a short time.[22]
David Bowie titled an instrumental track, "V-2 Schneider", on his album"Heroes" after Schneider,[23] and was heavily influenced by Kraftwerk's sound during his"Berlin period" in the late 1970s.[10]
Shortly after Schneider's death, the bells of theSt. Martin's Cathedral, Utrecht rang out with the tones of the song "Das Model".[24]
On 12 May 2021, Kraftwerk was announced as one of the inductees of theRock and Roll Hall of Fame.[25]
On 19 November 2025, 463 of his personal belongings were auctioned off by his estate.[26][27][28]
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