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| Trade names | Flovent, Flixotide, Flonase, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a695002 |
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| Routes of administration | Intranasal,[2]inhalation,[3]topical[4] |
| Drug class | Glucocorticoid |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 0.51% (Intranasal) |
| Protein binding | 91% |
| Metabolism | Intranasal Liver (CYP3A4-mediated) |
| Eliminationhalf-life | 10 hours |
| Excretion | Kidney |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.129.097 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C25H31F3O5S |
| Molar mass | 500.57 g·mol−1 |
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Fluticasone propionate, sold under the brand namesFlovent andFlonase among others, is aglucocorticoidsteroid medication.[8] When inhaled it is used for the long term management ofasthma andchronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).[8] In the nose it is used forhay fever andnasal polyps.[9][10] It can also be used formouth ulcers.[11] It works by decreasinginflammation.
Common side effects when inhaled includeupper respiratory tract infections,sinusitis,thrush, andcough.[8] Common side effects when used in the nose includenosebleeding andsore throat.[9] Unlikefluticasone furoate, which is approved in children as young as two years of age when used for allergies, fluticasone propionate is only approved for children four years and older.[12][13]
Fluticasone propionate was patented in 1980, and approved for medical use in 1990.[14] It is available as ageneric medication.[10] In 2022, fluticasone was the 25th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 22 million prescriptions.[15][16]
Fluticasone propionate is used by powder or aerosolinhalation for the prophylaxis ofasthma.[3][8] Thenasal spray is used for prevention and treatment ofallergic rhinitis.[2] Nasal drops are used in the treatment ofnasal polyps. The nasal spray can also be used in the mouth formouth ulcers.[11]
Fluticasone propionate in atopical form can be used to treat skin conditions such aseczema,psoriasis, andrashes.[17][18]
The nasal spray and oral inhaler formulation have fewer corticosteroid side effects than the tablet formulation because they limit systemic (blood) absorption.[2] However, systemic absorption is not negligible even with correct administration.[2][specify] Using the spray or inhaler at higher than recommended doses or with other corticosteroids can increase the risk for serious, systemic corticosteroid induced side effects.[2][3] These side effects include weakenedimmune system, increased risk ofsystemic infections,osteoporosis, and elevatedpressure in the eyes.[19]
Common side effects may include nasal irritation (burning, stinging, bleeding), headache, upset stomach (nausea, vomiting), and diarrhea. Rare side effects include infection (evidenced by, for example, fever, sore throat, and cough),vision problems,severe swelling, hoarse voice, anddifficulty breathing or swallowing.[20][9][2]
Common side effects may include upper respiratory tract infection, throat irritation,thrush, cough, and headache. Rare side effects include bruising, swelling of the face/neck, depression, tiredness, and shortness of breath.[21][8][3]
Fluticasone propionate is a highly selectiveagonist at theglucocorticoid receptor with negligible activity atandrogen,estrogen, ormineralocorticoid receptors,[4] thereby producinganti-inflammatory andvasoconstriction effects. It has been shown to have a wide range of inhibitory effects on multiple cell types (e.g.,mast cell,eosinophil,neutrophil,macrophages, andlymphocytes) and mediators (e.g.,histamine,eicosanoids,leukotrienes, andcytokines) involved ininflammation. Fluticasone propionate is stated to exert a topical effect on the lungs without significant systemic effects at usual doses, due to its low systemicbioavailability.[20]
Fluticasone propionate is broken down byCYP3A4 (cytochrome P450 3A4), and has been shown to interact with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors such asritonavir andketoconazole.[2][3] Coadministration of ritonavir and fluticasone may lead to increased levels of fluticasone in the body, which may lead toCushing's syndrome andadrenal insufficiency.[22]Ketoconazole, anantifungal drug, has been shown to increase fluticasone concentration leading to systemic corticosteroid side effects.[2][3]
In 2024,GSK plc removed Flovent from the market and replaced it with an authorized generic.[23][24]
Media related toFluticasone propionate at Wikimedia Commons| Brands | |
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