A gold sun with 32 rays above a soaring golden steppe eagle, both centred on aturquoise field. The hoist side displays a national ornamental pattern "qoşqar-müiız"
The national flag of theRepublic of Kazakhstan has a gold sun with 33 rays above a soaring goldensteppe eagle, both centred on a turquoise background; the hoist side displays a national ornamental pattern called "koshkar-muiz" (the horns of the ram) in gold; the blue colour is of religious significance to theTurkic peoples of the country, and so symbolizes cultural and ethnic unity; it also represents theendless sky as well as water. The gold and blue colours also evoke theformer Soviet flag, reusing the gold from thehammer and sickle, and the shade of blue from the turquoise bar at the bottom of that flag. The sun, a source of life and energy, exemplifies wealth and plenitude; the sun's rays are shaped like grain, which is the basis of abundance and prosperity; the eagle has appeared on the flags ofKazakh tribes for centuries and represents freedom, power, and the flight to the future.[1] The width of the flag to its length is 1:2.[2]
Flag of Amankeldy İmanov's associates who rebelled in 1916
In 1916, Russia required Muslim people of Central Asia to join Russian military forces. Russian colonial regime and economic instability led to the Central Asian Revolt of 1916. Amongst Kazakhs, Amankeldy Imanov was a leading figure in the revolts. He and his associates used a red flag with yellow text; blue half-moon in the top-left; blue bow, spear and an axe crossed on red background.
The text on the flag is in Arabic script, since Kazakh's writing system was Arabic prior to 1929. The text on the flag says: "Flag of warrior leader, Amangeldi batır" ("Batır" ("Батыр") means "a hero" in Kazakh).
DuringWorld War I, Russia was exhausted as it was not ready for war. This was the reason for the food shortages, which occurred even in major cities like Petrograd. First revolution, started because of an economic instability led to the Russian ministers in charge of Central Asia to create theAlash party and found their ownautonomy on territory of modernKazakhstan.
Alash state again lacked one agreed flag, however the Autonomy had their proposed flags.Alikhan Bukeikhanov andBarlybek Syrtanov proposed the flag with green, yellow, red stripes and white crescent with yellow star in top-left in the draft constitution of the "Country of the Kazakhs" (1911), however, there is not a single historical confirmation of the use of this flag by the Alash Orda (1917–1920).[3] The direction of stripes is not mentioned. Sometimes people use the logo ofKazak, the journal published by members of Alash, as a flag of the Autonomy. This variant of flag depicts a yellowyurt on a white background, this flag is mentioned in the "Will of the People" newspaper as approved on 6 June 1918.[4]
Possible proposed flag of the Alash Autonomy (1911)
Possible proposed flag of the Alash Autonomy (1911)
After the victory of theBolsheviks in theRussian Civil War, The Soviets consolidated Alash into the newly forming Kazakh Autonomy, resulting in the establishment of theKazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic in 1920. The first flag of the Kazakh ASSR consisted of two lines of yellow text in the canton, surrounded with a yellow line, reading "KSSR" (Kazakh SSR), and "R.F." (Russian Federation).
Kazakhstan was a part of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic until the 1937 establishment of theKazakh Soviet Socialist Republic within the Union, and, subsequently, changed its flag. This flag had thehammer and sickle in the canton and the name of the republic in Kazakh and Russian under it. The Kazakh name was written in Latin, as thewriting system of Kazakh changed in 1929 from Arabic to Latin.
In 1953, the Kazakh SSR made its final flag change, as part of a redesign by all the Soviet republics. This flag consisted of a hammer and a sickle with a star above it and a light blue horizontal stripe on a red background. It remained in brief use after Kazakhstan gained its independence in December 1991.
Unlike other formerly Soviet nations, likeArmenia,Azerbaijan,Belarus orUkraine, Kazakhstan did not have an official flag before becoming part of theSoviet Union. Kazakhstan kept its Soviet flag up until 4 June 1992.
The Government of Kazakhstan organized a contest on 2 January 1992, which received several proposals. The designer of the current flag,Shaken Niyazbekov, had originally coloured the ornament red. This was changed in July 1992 to the current shade of gold.
Proposed flag by Şäken Niazbekov
Proposed flag depicting yellow circle with 8-pointed star in it, on blue background
Flag with green, yellow and blue vertical stripes
Flag with yellow, blue and red horizontal stripes and yellow crescent with stars
Flag depicting two squares with yellow outline forming 8-pointed star on a blue background
Flag depicting Shanyraq (the top of yurts) with crescent in centre and sun in the top-left
Flag with blue, white and green stripes and crescent with stars, which have a picture of wolf in it
Flag with star and crescent in the canton, with a background of white, red and green stripes (the first being larger than the other two)
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