| The First Zen Institute of America | |
|---|---|
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| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Rinzai |
| Location | |
| Location | 113 E. 30th St.New York, NY 10016 |
| Country | United States |
 Interactive map of The First Zen Institute of America | |
| Architecture | |
| Founder | Sokei-an |
| Completed | 1930 |
| Part of a series on |
| Western Buddhism |
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 Statue of theBuddha in theJapanese Tea Garden,San Francisco |
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TheFirst Zen Institute of America is aRinzai institution forlaypeople established bySokei-an inNew York, New York in 1930 as the Buddhist Society of America[1] (changing its name afterWorld War II).[2] The emphasis on lay practice has its roots in the history of the organization. In 1875, the Japanese Rinzai Zen master Imakita Kosen founded a Zen institute, Ryomokyo-kai, dedicated to reviving Zen in Japan by recruiting talented and educated lay people. Kosen's most celebrated disciple,Soyen Shaku, visited America in 1893 to attend the World's Parliament of Religions in Chicago. In 1902 he returned to America where he lectured and taught briefly. Soyen Shaku assigned responsibility for this lay Zen institute to his heir, Sokatsu Shaku. The First Zen Institute's founder, Sokei-an, was Sokatsu's student and came to America with him in 1906 to establish a Zen community. When Sokatsu returned to Japan in 1910, Sokei-an remained to season his Zen and familiarize himself with the American character. After wandering across America and perfecting his English, Sokei-an made several trips back to Japan and in 1924 received credentials from Sokatsu as a Zen master.
In 1930, Sokei-an opened an American branch of Ryomokyo-kai in New York City and called it the Buddhist Society of America. Originally located on West 70th Street,[3] today the First Zen Institute of America occupies abrownstone on East 30th Street.[4] After Sokei-an died in 1945, the officers (George Fowler, president;Ruth Fuller Sasaki, vice president; andMary Farkas, secretary) searched for a Japanese roshi who would go to New York to take up residence there. They particularly sought help fromGoto Zuigan, Sokei-an's dharma brother.[5] Ruth Sasaki went to Japan, in part to find a roshi who would return to New York with her. But it was not until 1955 that she was able to bring Miura Isshu back with her.[6] Miura Roshi spent some time with the institute, exploring the possibility of becoming resident roshi, but felt uncomfortable working with female leadership, and sent a letter of resignation in November 1963. He continued to reside in New York and teach selected students on an independent basis until his death in 1976.[7] The institute also had a branch in Kyoto, the First Zen Institute of America in Japan orNichibei Daiichi Zen Kyokai, founded by Ruth Sasaki in 1957.[8]
PoetGary Snyder's study ofZen inJapan in 1956 was made possible by a grant from the First Zen Institute.[9][10]
Sokei-an died before leaving behind aDharma heir, and the institute relies heavily upon the writings and transcriptions of its founder as a guide in its practice. Sokei-an described his way of teaching as "a direct transmission of Zen from soul to soul." Many of Sokei-an's early lectures were originally published[11] from 1940 to 1941 in the magazine,Cat's Yawn, and subsequently published as the First Zen Institute's first book, also titledCat's Yawn.[12] Sokei-an spent many productive years teaching Zen in English, and translating and commenting on important Zen texts, including theSutra of Perfect Awakening,The Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch, and theThree Hundred Mile Tiger: The Record of Lin Chi. These have been published, almost in their entirety in the pages of Zen Notes,[13] the First Zen Institute's quarterly publication. Collections of Sokei-an lectures have been published inThe Zen Eye andZen Pivots. His autobiography (as edited by Michael Hotz) has been published inHolding the Lotus to the Rock.
Continuing in the tradition of its founder, the members of the First Zen Institute have published many important original translations from classical Chinese and medieval Japanese texts. Books includeZen Dust, by Isshu Miura and Ruth Fuller Sasaki,The Zen Koan, by Isshu Miura and Ruth Fuller Sasaki, Zen A Religion; A Method For Religious Awakening; Study for Foreigners in Japan, by Ruth Fuller Sasaki;The Development of Chinese Zen After the Sixth Patriarch, by Heinreich Dumulin and Ruth Fuller Sasaki;A Man of Zen, The Recorded Sayings of the Layman P'ang, translated from the Chinese by Ruth Fuller Sasaki, Yoshitaka Iriya and Dana R. Fraser;The Record of Lin Chi, translated from the Chinese by Ruth Fuller Sasaki;Bankei Zen, translations from the Record of Bankei, by Peter Haskel;Letting Go, The Story of Zen Master Tosui, translated and with an introduction by Peter Haskel;Great Fool: Zen Master Ryokan, Poems, Letters, and other Writings, translated with Essays by Ryuichi Abe and Peter Haskel, andZen by the Brush, by Susan Morningstar. Manuscripts awaiting publication include thePlatform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch,Three Hundred Mile Tiger: The Record of Lin Chi and Peter Haskel's new book on the Zen sword-master Takuan.
Despite having no teacher in residence, the institute does invite teachers such asKyozan Joshu Sasaki Roshi and Isshu Miura Roshi to provide instruction periodically.[1] The institute holds public meditation once a week on Wednesday evenings, 7:30-9:30 p.m. and offers two-day meditation retreats, usually on the second weekend of each month."[14]
40°44′40″N73°58′57″W / 40.74436°N 73.98244°W /40.74436; -73.98244
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