| Fiat 4 HP | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Fiat |
| Also called | Fiat 3 ½ HP Fiat 3 ½ CV |
| Production | 1899–1900 24 produced[1] |
| Assembly | Corso Dante plant,Turin, Italy |
| Designer | Aristide Faccioli[2] |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | vis à vis |
| Layout | RR layout |
| Related | Ceirano 5 HP |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | straight-2 679 cc[3] |
| Transmission | 3-speed manual |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 1,470 mm (58 in)[3] |
| Length | 2,300 mm (91 in)[3] |
| Width | 1,420 mm (56 in)[3] |
| Height | 1,450 mm (57 in)[3] |
| Curb weight | 680 kg (1,499 lb)[3] |
| Chronology | |
| Successor | Fiat 6 HP |
TheFiat 4 HP (also known as the3½ HP or3½ CV) was the first model ofcar produced byFIAT, from 1899 to 1900 based on a third party design.
The 4 HP is related to the Ceirano brothers—Giovanni,Ernesto andMatteo—who were an influential force in kick-starting the Italian automotive industry. In fact, they are variously responsible for creating companies includingCeirano GB & C,Itala,SCAT (Società Ceirano Automobili Torino) andSPA (Società Piemontese Automobili).
In 1888, after eight years apprenticeship at his father's watch-making business, Giovanni Ceirano started buildingWelleyes bicycles, so named because English names had more sales appeal in Italy.[4] In October 1898, Giovanni then co-foundedCeirano GB & C and started producing theWelleyes motor car in 1899.[5] Its coachwork was by Marcello Alessio.[6]
In July 1899, the Welleyes' plant and patents were sold toGiovanni Agnelli who then produced the 4 HP, which became the first ever FIAT. The car had a water-cooled 0.7-liter (679 cc) 2-cylinder, rear-mounted engine producing 4.2 horsepower at 800 rpm, coupled with a three-speed gearbox without reversing gear. Its top speed was 35 kilometres per hour (22 mph).[2] and it had a fuel consumption of 8 litres per 100 kilometres (35 mpg‑imp; 29 mpg‑US).
Giovanni Ceirano was employed by FIAT as the agent for Italy, however, within a year he left to establish "F.lli Ceirano", which became STAR (Società Torinese Rapid Cars). In 1904, Matteo Ceirano left Ceirano GB & C to establishItala, to then leave in 1906 and also establishSPA (Società Piemontese Automobili) with chief designer, Alberto Ballacco. That same year, Giovanni Ceirano foundedSCAT (Società Ceirano Automobili Torino).
In total, FIAT produced 24 units[1] (8 of which were in the first year).
Today, at least four of these first Fiats are in existence:
Established 2007 – A marque ofStellantis | ||||||||||||
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