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| Fiat 125 | |
|---|---|
.jpg) 1971 Fiat 125 Special | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Fiat |
| Production | 1967–1972 |
| Assembly | Italy:Turin Morocco:Casablanca (SOMACA)[1] Argentina:Córdoba (until 1982) Chile:Rancagua Indonesia:Jakarta (until 1986) |
| Body and chassis | |
| Class | Large family car (D) |
| Body style | 4-doorSedan 5-doorEstate car |
| Related | Fiat 1300/1500 Fiat 124 Zastava 125pz Zhiguli (car brand) Polski Fiat 125p FSO Polonez |
| Powertrain | |
| Engine | 1608 ccDOHC |
| Transmission | 4-speedmanual (125:1967–1973) 5-speedmanual (125S:1968–1970, 125 Special1970–1973)[2] 3-speedautomatic (125S:1968–1970, 125 Special1970–1973) |
| Dimensions | |
| Wheelbase | 2,505 mm (98.6 in) |
| Length | 4,232 mm (166.6 in) |
| Width | 1,625 mm (64.0 in) |
| Height | 1,420 mm (55.9 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,055 kg (2,325.9 lb) |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Fiat 1500 |
| Successor | Fiat 132 |
TheFiat 125 is alarge family car manufactured and marketed by Italian companyFiat from 1967 to 1972. Derivatives were built under license outside Italy until the 1990s. As launched the car was unusual in blending saloon car passenger accommodation with sports car performance,[3] a combination which would be more widely adopted by the European volume auto-makers in the decade ahead.
The chassis used was the same as that of the longer variant of the outgoing model, theFiat 1300/1500, and the floor pan was virtually unchanged from it. The body was a slightly lengthened development of theFiat 124: the two models had the same passenger compartment and doors, but the 125's rear seat was set slightly further back, reflecting the longer wheelbase, 85mm (3.346 inches) longer than that of the 124, inherited from the Fiat 1500.[3]
The new car's engine was based on the one fitted in the Fiat 124 Sport:[3] a 1608 ccDOHC unit with 90 PS (66 kW; 89 bhp) driving the rear wheels. The 125 was equipped with a Weber 34 DCHE 20 or Solex 34 PIA carburettor. The car was fitted with an alternator,[3] reflecting the twin headlights and the increasing number of energy intensive electrical components appearing on cars at this time. Other noteworthy features included the electromagnetic cooling fan clutch.[3]
The 125 featured one of the world's first intermittent wipers and was praised when new for its handling and dynamics. British Autocar found the slight understeer tendencies were easily cured by adjusting the front camber.
In 1968 the 125S ("Special") was added to the range, with 100 PS (74 kW; 99 bhp) (from a modified cylinder head, camshafts, inlet/outlet manifold and Weber/Solex carburettor) and, unusually at this time, a five-speed gearbox.[4] It also had halogen lights, servo-assisted twin circuit brakes and optional superlight magnesium wheels.A variety of other improvements were made including improved cabin ventilation, trim and styling.
The Special received a facelift late 1970, using pretty much the same trim as the 125S, but the visual width of the car was enhanced by a wider grille (the indicators moved from the side to the bumper) and by replacing the square rear lights with larger, horizontal ones.[5]: 24 The interior gained upgraded upholstery of the seats and a wood facia. A three-speed GM automatic transmission as well as air conditioning became available as an option.
A variant, the125 T, was made by the Fiat importers inNew Zealand, Torino Motors, for the annual 6 hour production car race, the Benson and Hedges 500.[6] The 125T has larger valves, two twin Weber DCOH or Dell'Orto 40DHLAcarburettors (depending on availability), modified camshafts and a higher compression ratio to produce around 125 bhp (93 kW), lowered and stiffer suspension.[6] All featured Ward alloy wheels and were painted bright yellow.[6] Sources for production figures quote that between 84 and 89 were modified.[citation needed] Reasons for stopping production are sometimes given that Fiat headquarters found out and stopped this venture.[6] However a more likely scenario is that selling the required 200 cars in a market that only sold 1,000 Fiats in total each year was a tall order.[citation needed]
Other versions were built byMoretti, who made the125GS 1.6 with styling similar to theFiat Dino Spider.Zagato made the125 GTZ; Savio, a125 Coupé and125 Station Wagon;Bertone, a125 Executive to aMarcello Gandini design; andVignale produced theSamantha, a two-door coupé with pop-up headlights, designed byVirginio Vairo. Another125 Station Wagon was built byOSI to aSergio Sartorelli design.
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Production by Fiat inItaly ceased in 1972 when theFiat 132 was introduced, a total of 603,877 cars having been built.[5]: 24
A licence copy was also produced inPoland by theFabryka Samochodów Osobowych (FSO) from 1967 until 1991, under the brandPolski Fiat as thePolski Fiat 125p, and later as the FSO 1500, FSO 1300, or FSO 125p.
It was a somewhat simplified variation of the Fiat car, with outdated 1300 cc or 1500 cc engines and mechanicals from theFiat 1300/1500. Polish cars differed in details from Italian ones, most visible were four round headlights instead of square ones, simpler bumpers and front grill, orange front turn signal lenses, different shape details in tail and front lamps design, simpler body sheet metal stampings, old Fiat 1300/1500 chassis and interior. This model was also available as anestate (thePolski Fiat 125p Kombi) and apickup developed in Poland after Italian Fiat 125 production ended in 1972.
Zastava started producing theFiat 125p in 1969, in an effort to replace theZastava 1300/1500. The body panels and chassis were imported from Poland, while the mechanical parts were reused from the already locally produced Zastava 1300. The name was changed to Zastava 125pz (adding a "z" for Zastava), earning the nickname "pezejac". While the Polish 125p was available with two different engine options, a 1300cc variant and a 1500cc variant, only the 1300cc was available in the 125pz. Production lasted until 1972, when the production of the newZastava 101 ramped up. Zastava then started importing complete Polish Fiat 125p models, and selling them as the Zastava 125p (without the "z"), garnering the nickname "pejac". The Zastava 125p was only available with the 1500cc engine. This went on until 1983.[7]
In Egypt production of the Polish 125p version went on under the name Nasr 125 until 1983.
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In Argentina the 125 was built from 1972 to 1982, initially by Fiat-Concord and later bySevel Argentina. In addition to the 4-door sedan version, a station wagon (called "Familiar"), a pickup (called "Multicarga", a unique Argentine design) were built. There was also a coupe called 125 Sport with the same mechanics as the sedan, but based on the Fiat Coupé 1500 Vignale.
A few copies were made of Italian 125 and was quickly replaced by Polish 125p better suited to the local market.
A car that was manufactured almost equal to the Fiat 125 Special restyling in march of 1970.
SOMACA (Société Marocaine de Construction Automobile) assembled 125 in Casablanca.
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