_(3955971732).jpg) Ferrari 375 F1 | |||||||||||
| Category | Formula One | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constructor | Ferrari | ||||||||||
| Designer | Aurelio Lampredi | ||||||||||
| Predecessor | 125 | ||||||||||
| Successor | 212 | ||||||||||
| Technical specifications[1][2][3] | |||||||||||
| Chassis | Single-seater, tubular frame | ||||||||||
| Wheelbase | 2,320 mm (91 in) 2,420 mm (95 in) | ||||||||||
| Engine | 3.3 LLamprediV12,naturally aspirated,front engine,longitudinally mounted 4.1 LLamprediV12,naturally aspirated,front engine,longitudinally mounted 4.5 LLamprediV12,naturally aspirated,front engine,longitudinally mounted | ||||||||||
| Transmission | Ferrari 4-speedmanual | ||||||||||
| Weight | 560 kg (1,230 lb) | ||||||||||
| Fuel | Shell | ||||||||||
| Tyres | Pirelli Firestone | ||||||||||
| Competition history | |||||||||||
| Notable entrants | Scuderia Ferrari | ||||||||||
| Debut | 1950 Belgian Grand Prix | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
| Constructors' Championships | 0 | ||||||||||
| Drivers' Championships | 0 | ||||||||||
Unless otherwise stated, all data refer to Formula One World Championship Grands Prix only. | |||||||||||
TheFerrari 375 F1 was aFerrariFormula One car.
After finding only modest success with thesupercharged125 F1 car inFormula One,Ferrari decided to switch for 1950 to thenaturally aspirated 4.5-litre formula for the series. Calling inAurelio Lampredi to replaceGioacchino Colombo as technical director,Enzo Ferrari directed that the company work in stages to grow and develop an entirely new large-displacementV12 engine for racing.
The first outcome of Lampredi's work was the experimental275 S. Just two of these racingbarchettas were built, based on the166 MM but using the experimental 3.3-litre V12. These were raced at theMille Miglia of 1950 on April 23. Although one car held the overall lead for a time, both were forced to retire with mechanical failure before the end.
The275 F1 made its debut at theGrand Prix of Belgium on June 18, sporting the same 3.3-litre (3322 cc/202 in³) version ofLampredi's new engine. With threeWeber 42DCFcarburetors, asingle overhead camshaft for each bank of cylinders, and two valves per cylinder, the engine produced a capable 300 hp (224 kW) at 7200 rpm.Alberto Ascari drove the car to fifth place, marking the end of the 3.3-litre engine.
The 275 was replaced at theGrand Prix of Nations atGeneva on July 30, 1950 by the340 F1. As the name suggests, the car sported a larger 4.1-litre (4101.66 cc/250 in³) version of Lampredi's V12. Other changes included a newde Dion tube rear suspension based on that in the166 F2 car and four-speed gearbox. It had a longer 2,420 mm (95 in) wheelbase, but other dimensions remained the same. With 335 hp (250 kW), Ascari was able to keep up with theAlfa Romeo 158 ofJuan Manuel Fangio but retired with engine trouble. Although the 340 proved itself capable, it was only the middle step in Ferrari's 1950 car development.
Ferrari achieved the 4.5-litre goal of the formula with the375 F1, two of which debuted atMonza on September 3, 1950. This 4.5-litre (4493.73 cc/274 in³) engine produced roughly the same power as its 4.1-litre predecessor, but its tractability earned Ascari second place in that debut race. A series of modifications through the 1951 season allowed Ferrari to finally putAlfa Romeo behind it in a Formula One race, withJosé Froilán González' victory atSilverstone on July 14 becoming the constructor's first World Championship win. Ascari's wins at theNürburgring andMonza and strong finishes throughout the season cemented the company's position as a Formula One contender.
Changes in the Formula One regulations led the company to shift the big engine to anIndy car, the 1952375 Indianapolis. Three new Weber 40IF4C carburettors brought power output to 380 hp (279 kW),[4] the wheelbase was lengthened, and the chassis and suspension were strengthened. Although the car performed well in European testing, it was not able to meet the American challenge, with just one of four 375s even qualifying for the1952 Indianapolis 500. Ascari was the driver who did qualify the car for the race, starting 25th (out of 33 starters) with a qualifying speed of 134.3mp/h (the pole was won by AmericanChet Miller who pushed his superchargedKurtis Kraft-Novi to 139.03 mp/h). Ascari would be classified in 31st place, completing only 40 of the 200 laps before being forced to retire with wheel failure, though he would go on to win the remaining six Grands Prix of the season to easily win his first World Championship from Ferrari teammateGiuseppe Farina.
The big V12 was scrapped for 1954, as Formula One required a 2.5-litre engine. The new553 F1 adopted Lampredi's four cylinder engine, leaving the V12 for sports car use.
The 375 was driven during the2011 British Grand Prix weekend by then-current Ferrari driverFernando Alonso as a tribute to the sixtieth anniversary of the Ferrari's first World Championship Grand Prix win at the1951 British Grand Prix at Silverstone, with Argentinean driverJosé Froilán González driving at the time.[5]
| Technical data | 275 F1 | 340 F1 | 375 F1 | 375 Indy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Engine: | Front mounted 60° 12 cylinderV engine | |||
| displacement: | 3322 cm³ | 4102 cm³ | 4493 cm³ | 4382 cm³ |
| Bore x stroke: | 72 x 68 mm | 80 x 68 mm | 80 x 74.5 mm | 79 x 74.5 mm |
| Compression: | 10.0:1 | 12.0:1 | 11.0:1 | 13.0:1 |
| Max power at rpm: | 300 hp at 7 300 rpm | 335 hp at 7 000 rpm | 350 hp at 7 000 rpm | 380 hp at 7 500 rpm |
| Valve control: | One overhead camshaft per cylinder bank, 2valves per cylinder | |||
| Carburetor: | 3 Weber 42 DCF | 3 Weber 40 IF4C | ||
| Gearbox: | 4-speed manual,transaxle | |||
| suspension front: | Double cross links, transverse leaf spring | |||
| suspension rear: | De Dion axle, double longitudinal links, transverse leaf spring | |||
| Brakes: | Hydraulic drum brakes | |||
| Chassis &body: | Oval tube frame with aluminum body | |||
| wheelbase: | 232 cm | 254 cm | ||
| Dry weight: | 850 kg | 785 kg | ||
| Top speed: | 280 km/h | 300 km/h | 320 km/h | 330 km/h |
(key) (results inbold indicate pole position, results initalics indicate fastest lap)
| Year | Entrant | Chassis | Engine | Tyres | Drivers | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | Scuderia Ferrari | Ferrari 275 | Ferrari 3.3 V12 | P | GBR | MON | 500 | SUI | BEL | FRA | ITA | ||
| Alberto Ascari | 5 | ||||||||||||
| Ferrari 375 | Ferrari 4.5 V12 | Ret/2† | |||||||||||
| Dorino Serafini | 2† | ||||||||||||
| 1951 | Scuderia Ferrari | Ferrari 375 | Ferrari 4.5 V12 | P | SUI | 500 | BEL | FRA | GBR | GER | ITA | ESP | |
| Luigi Villoresi | Ret | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | Ret | ||||||
| Alberto Ascari | 6 | 2 | Ret/2† | Ret | 1 | 1 | 4 | ||||||
| Piero Taruffi | 2 | Ret | 5 | 5 | Ret | ||||||||
| José Froilán González | 2† | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
| Chico Landi | Ret | ||||||||||||
| 1952 | Scuderia Ferrari | Ferrari 375 Indy | Ferrari 4.5 V12 | F | SUI | 500 | BEL | FRA | GBR | GER | NED | ITA | |
| Alberto Ascari | Ret | ||||||||||||
Source:[6] | |||||||||||||
