Feng Jinglan | |||||||
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冯景兰 | |||||||
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| Born | (1898-03-09)9 March 1898 | ||||||
| Died | 29 September 1976(1976-09-29) (aged 78) Beijing, China | ||||||
| Alma mater | Peking University Colorado School of Mines Columbia University | ||||||
| Scientific career | |||||||
| Fields | Geology Mineralogy | ||||||
| Institutions | China University of Geosciences (Beijing) | ||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 冯景兰 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 馮景蘭 | ||||||
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Feng Jinglan (9 March 1898 – 29 September 1976),courtesy nameHuaixi (淮西 or 怀西), was a Chinese mineralogist and geologist. He was one of the founders ofmineralogy in China. He was an academician of theChinese Academy of Sciences.
Feng was born into a landlord's family in the town ofQiyi [zh], inTanghe County,Hebei, on 9 March 1898, to Feng Taiyi (冯台异), an assistant to theQing government officialZhang Zhidong, and Wu Qingzhi (吴清芝).[1] His elder brotherFeng Youlan (1895–1990) was a philosopher.[1] His younger sisterFeng Yuanjun (1900–1974) was a writer.[1] He secondary studied at Henan Provincial Second School inKaifeng. In 1916, he was admitted toPeking University.[1] In 1918, he pursued advanced studies in theUnited States on government scholarships, first studying mine geology inColorado School of Mines and then studyingmineralogy,petrology andphysiography inColumbia University with a master's degree in 1923.[1]
He returned to China in 1923 and that same year became an instructor at Zhongzhou University (中州大学).[2] In his spare time, he studied thesand dunes near Kaifeng and explored the control of theYellow River.[2] In 1927, he went to Heishanzhai (黑山寨) inChangping,Hebei to investigate the geology of gold deposits, which was one of the earliest modern deposit geological work in China.[2]
In 1927, he was recruited as a technician of Guangzhou Geological Survey Institute, where he investigated the geology and mineral resources along the railway near Guangzhou.[2] He discovered and namedDanxia landform inMount Danxia ofRenhua County.[2][3]
In 1929, he moved toPeiyang University, he remained at the university until 1933. During this period, he investigated the geology and mineral resources along the Shenyang–Haikou railway inLiaoning, the genesis of Xuanlong Iron Ore in Hebei, and the geology ofNorthern Shaanxi. In 1933, he joined the faculty ofTsinghua University. From 1933 to 1937, during the summer vacation, he and others investigated the geology and mineral resources ofPingquan,Datong,Zhaoyuan andMount Tai.
After the outbreak of theSecond Sino-Japanese War, Tsinghua University was forced to move south to formNational Southwestern Associated University with Peking University inKunming, where he concurrently served as dean of the Institute of Technology and head of the Department of Mining ofYunnan University. During this period, he mainly studied the copper mines inSichuan and Yunnan. After war, he moved back to Beijing with the university.
After the establishment of the Communist State, he was hired as a professor by Beijing Institute of Geology (nowChina University of Geosciences (Beijing)).[4] In 1966,Mao Zedong launched theCultural Revolution, Feng was labeled as a "reactionary academic authority".[3] In November 1969, he was sent to theMay Seventh Cadre Schools to do farm works with his wife inXiajiang County,Jiangxi, working until the spring of 1972.[3]
On 29 September 1976, he died of a heart attack inBeijing, aged 78.[4]
After Feng's death, his children donated 100,000 yuan saved during his lifetime toChina University of Geosciences (Beijing) in October 1998 to establish the "Feng Jinglan Prize" to reward teachers and students with outstanding academic achievements who have made outstanding contributions to the development of geological education.
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