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Federal Territories Wilayah Persekutuan | |
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| Federal territories | Kuala Lumpur Labuan Putrajaya |
| Designated | Kuala Lumpur: 1 February 1974 Labuan: 16 April 1984 Putrajaya: 1 February 2001 |
| Consolidated under the Ministry | 27 March 2004 |
| Government | |
| • Minister | Dr. Zaliha Mustafa |
| • Director General | Dato' Indera Noridah binti Abdul Rahim |
| Area | |
• Total | 381.65 km2 (147.36 sq mi) |
| Population (Q4 2023) | |
• Total | 2,265,100 |
| • Density | 5,935.0/km2 (15,372/sq mi) |
| National postal code | |
| Area codes | 03a 087b |
| Motto | Maju dan Sejahtera 'Progressive and Prosperous' |
| Anthem | Wilayah Persekutuan Maju dan Sejahtera |
| Administered by the | Federal Territories Department |
| License plate | Kuala Lumpur W and V Labuan L Putrajaya PUTRAJAYA and F |
| Website | kwp |
| a Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya b Labuan | |
Thefederal territories (FT;Malay:Wilayah Persekutuan) inMalaysia comprise three territories—Kuala Lumpur,Labuan, andPutrajaya—governed directly by theFederal Government of Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur is the national capital of Malaysia, Putrajaya the administrative capital, and Labuan an offshore international financial centre. Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya areenclaves in the state ofSelangor. Labuan is an island off the coast of theSabah state.
The territories fall under the jurisdiction of theDepartment of Federal Territories. Originally, the Federal Territory (FT) Ministry was established in 1979 and was in charge of planning and administration of Kuala Lumpur and Klang Valley. In 1981, the FT Ministry was re-established under the Prime Minister's Department as the Planning Unit of Klang Valley. In 2004, the FT Ministry was again formed into a full-fledged ministry which focused on the development of Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya. In 2022, under Prime MinisterAnwar Ibrahim's administration, the ministry was scrapped and its functions delegated to other ministries. Currently, the federal territories are administered by the Department of the Federal Territories (Jabatan Wilayah Persekutuan) under the Prime Minister's Department.[1]
The federal territories were originally part of two states:Selangor andSabah. Both Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya were part of Selangor and Labuan was part of Sabah.[2]
Kuala Lumpur, the state capital of Selangor, became the national capital of theFederation of Malaya (and later Malaysia) in 1948. Since independence in 1957, the federal as well as the Selangor state ruling party had been the Alliance (later theBarisan Nasional). However, in the1969 elections the Alliance, while retaining control of the federal government, lost its majority in Selangor to the opposition. The same election resulted in a majorrace riot in Kuala Lumpur.
It was realised that if Kuala Lumpur remained part of Selangor, clashes between the federal government and Selangor state government might arise when they are controlled by different parties. The solution was to separate Kuala Lumpur from the state and place it under direct federal rule. On 1 February 1974, theFederal Territory of Kuala Lumpur Agreement was signed, and Kuala Lumpur became the first federal territory of Malaysia.[2]
The cession of Kuala Lumpur secured the Selangor state government for the Barisan Nasional until the2008 general election. The separation of Kuala Lumpur meant that Kuala Lumpur voters lost representation in theSelangor State Legislative Assembly and could only vote for representation in theParliament of Malaysia.
Labuan, an island off the coast of mainland Sabah, was chosen by the federal government for development into anoffshore financial centre. Labuan became the second federal territory in 16 April 1984.[2]
Putrajaya is aplanned city, designed to replace Kuala Lumpur as the seat of the federal government. SultanSalahuddin of Selangor, who was serving as theYang di-Pertuan Agong at that time, was asked again to cede land to the federal government. Putrajaya became the third federal territory on 1 February 2001.[2]
In recent years, efforts have been made to forge a common identity for the three federal territories. Aflag of the Federal Territories was introduced on 23 May 2006 to represent the federal territories as a whole.[3] During the 2006Sukma Games in Kedah, Kuala Lumpur, Labuan, and Putrajaya (never competed) debuted as a unified Federal Territories team.
Maju dan Sejahtera (lit. 'Progress and Prosperity') is the official anthem of the federal territories.
In addition to the flag of federal territories, each federal territory also has its own flag.
Since 2006, sport activities in all three federal territories are governed and coordinated by the Federal Territory Sports Council (Malay:Majlis Sukan Wilayah Persekutuan, WIPERS), a federal statutory body.[4]
In addition to federal public holidays, all three federal territories celebrate Federal Territory Day. Labuan, with a significantKadazan-Dusun community, celebratesKaamatan with the neighbouring state of Sabah.
The federal territories representatives in the Federal Parliament (Dewan Rakyat) since the15th general election are:
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