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| President | Daniel Frischknecht |
| Founded | 1975 |
| Headquarters | Frutigenstrasse 8 3601 Thun |
| Membership(2011) | 3,000[1] |
| Ideology | Christian right[2][3] Right-wing populism[3] National conservatism[2] Social conservatism[2] Euroscepticism Historical: Strasserism Revolutionary nationalism Solidarism |
| Political position | Right-wing |
| Colours | Swiss Red |
| Federal Council | 0 / 7 |
| National Council | 2 / 200 |
| Council of States | 0 / 46 |
| Cantonal legislatures | 21 / 2,544 |
| Website | |
| www | |
TheFederal Democratic Union of Switzerland (German:Eidgenössisch-Demokratische Union, EDU; French:Union Démocratique Fédérale, UDF; Italian:Unione Democratica Federale, UDF; Romansch:Uniun Democrata Federala, UDF) is anational-conservative[2]political party inSwitzerland. Its ideology is politically conservative, Protestantfundamentalist, andright-wing populist.[3] It is similar to theChristian right in the United States, and its top goals were to promote "biblical values" and oppose other cultures and values.[3]
Founded in 1975, the party's current president is Daniel Frischknecht who succeeded the long-servingHans Moser [de] (2001–2020) in 2020. The EDU is a minor political party that polls around 1% of the vote and holds two seats in theSwiss National Council as of 2023.
The EDU was founded in 1975 as a split of theRepublican Movement and theNationale Aktion.[4] The EDU maintains that it split from theEvangelical People's Party.[4]
At the beginning of its existence, the EDU's platform was strongly influenced bythe ideology ofOtto Strasser,revolutionary nationalism andsolidarism.[5] Despite being nationalistic and patriotic, the party supported socialist economic policies as opposed to capitalism or communism.[5] In the early 1980s, the EDU underwent an ideological shift, with fundamentalist Christianity and the Bible becoming the most important parts of its ideology.[5] It promoted socially conservative policies.[5] At the same time, the EDU adoptedright-wing populist positions on issues such as immigration, integration intosupranational unions, and Islam.[6] It adopted strongly pro-Israel views.[7]
In the 1970s and 1980s, support for the EDU grew particularly with conservative free-church groups, both traditional and newly established. The language of the EDU was influenced during this time by a directive and on the basis of interest in dispensationalism from an eschatological tone.[8]
In 1991, the EDU entered theSwiss National Council with one seat,[9] and in 2003, it gained a second seat. Despite remaining a small, fringe party, it grew from having section in nine cantons in 1991 to twenty-three in 2003.[10] The EDU had its greatest electoral success in theCanton of Bern[9] and became relatively strong in the canton.[11] In addition, its party newspaper, theEDU Standpunkt, had a circulation of between 31,000 and 45,000 and even up to 500,000 during national elections.[10] The party created a French newspaper with a circulation of about 10,000.[10] The EDU sponsored several referendums, attempting to block socially liberal legislation, but its attempts were unsuccessful.[10]
In May 2007, the party became a member of theEuropean Christian Political Movement,[citation needed] which claims: "The source of these Christian values are the Bible and the Christian tradition. These sources are in itself not a political program. These sources call us to serve the people of Europe...".[12] The EDU is no longer listed as being a member of the ECPM.
The EDU received 1.3% of the popular vote in the2007 elections, and retained one of its two seats in theSwiss National Council, held byAndreas Brönnimann, who represented thecanton of Bern.
However, in the2011 elections, the party lost its seat in the Swiss National Council, even though it still received the same percentage of the popular vote. In the2019 elections the party won one seat in the Swiss National Council, regaining representation.
The EDU is a politically conservative, Protestantfundamentalist, andright-wing populist party.[3] It is similar to theChristian right in the United States, and its top goals were to promote "biblical values" and oppose other cultures and values.[3] The party has also been described as "ultra-conservative."[13]
The EDU sees itself as a Christian party and uses theBible as the guideline for its policies. On questions concerning the environment, the EDU stands rather center-left,[14] however with family, social, and educational policy, the EDU takes a conservative stance. The EDU want a debt-free state.
The EDU has close connections tofree churches.[15]
The EDU rejects equatinghomosexual and heterosexual marriages and is committed againstabortion,euthanasia, and the exploitation of women by sexist advertising. Thus, the EDU calls that abortion should not be financed by public funds andsuicide tourism should be prohibited. Also, the EDU is against heroin clinics and calls for a smoking ban in restaurants and bars. The EDU supports traditional families. The EDU is skeptical of the equalization of both genders, saying that is neglecting of children, and believes that the main caregivers of children are ideally the parents.[16][17] The EDU opposes the criminalization ofhomophobia.[18]
The EDU sponsored an unsuccessful[19] referendum, held on November 27, 2016, in theCanton of Zürich, that would have defined marriage as only between one man and one woman.[20]
The EDU is critical of theEuropean Union, theUN, andNATO. As aEurosceptic party, it is against membership in the EU, however it supports bilateral treaties with it. The EDU views the increasedimmigration to Switzerland as an integration problem and says that to increase security, adjusting thefreedom of movement, theSchengen Agreement, and theDublin Regulation with the EU is necessary. Also, the EDU is in support for permanent neutrality and is against peace-keeping missions of theSwiss military. The EDU supported the successfulSwiss minaret ban, and the successfulfederal popular initiative "Against mass immigration".
In environmental policy, the EDU does not see the real problem as in climate change, but rather in the enormous consumption of resources and energy. Thus, the EDU supports a dedicated, time-limited incentive tax on the oil tax for fossil fuels and propellants and calls the replacement of the Climate Cent and the CO2 tax (gasoline, etc.). The proceeds of this incentive tax would go to renewable energy sources such as water, wind, and solar energy and would promote energy efficiency. In the long term, the EDU wants to phase outnuclear energy in Switzerland.[21] The EDU supports the expansion of the public transportation system, but only supports the implementation of large projects when funding is secured.
| Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/- |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1975 | 6,717 | 0.3% | 0 / 200 | New |
| 1979 | 4,626 | 0.3% | 0 / 200 |  |
| 1983 | 7,590 | 0.4% | 0 / 200 | |
| 1987 | 17,830 | 0.9% | 0 / 200 | |
| 1991 | 20,395 | 1.0% | 1 / 200 | 1 |
| 1995 | 24,795 | 1.3% | 1 / 200 | |
| 1999 | 24,355 | 1.2% | 1 / 200 | |
| 2003 | 26,590 | 1.3% | 2 / 200 | 1 |
| 2007 | 29,914 | 1.3% | 1 / 200 | 1 |
| 2011 | 31,056 | 1.3% | 0 / 200 | 1 |
| 2015[27] | 29,701 | 1.2% | 0 / 200 | |
| 2019 | 24,145 | 1.0% | 1 / 200 | 1 |
| 2023 | 31,513 | 1.2% | 2 / 200 | 1 |
There was no longer any need to invoke the Old Testament, or the eugenic fantasies of the Nazis – as the ultra conservative Federal Democratic Union, a party with close links to evangelical free churches, had done – in order to reject the revised law.
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| Council of States (46 seats) |
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