Day of the year
"Leap Year's Day" redirects here. For other uses, see
Leap Day .
February 29 is known as aleap day (or "leap year day"), which is periodically added as the last day of the month to theJulian andGregorian calendars , as anintercalary date , to createleap years . Its main function is to keep the calendars aligned with the Earth's seasons, as the planet orbits the sun.
In the older Julian calendar, leap days are added to every year that is evenly divisible by four. However, this causes the calendar to slowly become misaligned with the Earth's seasons, by about 3 days every 400 years.[ 1] (The Julian calendar continues to be used in some places as the basis for theirliturgical calendar ).
The Gregorian calendar is the standardcivil calendar used in most of the world, and is a slight modification of the Julian calendar. In this calendar, acentennial year does not have a February 29 (despite being evenly divisible by 4) unless it is also evenly divisible by 400. Thus, in contrast to the Julian calendar, the years 1700, 1800 and1900 did not have leap year days but both calendars had a February 29 in the years 1600 and2000 .
The convention of adding a "February 29" to be the leap day was not widely used before the 15th century. Instead, beginning with Julius Caesar's calendar edict of 45 BC until the 16th century (formally),February 24 was doubled – two successive days had the same date.[ 2]
February 29 is the 60th day of a leap year for both the Julian and Gregorian calendars, and 306 days remain until the end of the leap year. It is also the last day ofmeteorological winter in theNorthern Hemisphere and the last day ofmeteorological summer in theSouthern Hemisphere in leap years.
1908 –James Madison University is founded atHarrisonburg, Virginia , United States as The State Normal and Industrial School for Women by theVirginia General Assembly .[ 13] 1912 – ThePiedra Movediza (Moving Stone) ofTandil falls and breaks.[ 14] 1916 –Tokelau is annexed by the United Kingdom.[ 15] 1916 – InSouth Carolina , the minimumworking age for factory, mill and mine workers israised from 12 to 14 years old .[ 16] 1920 – TheCzechoslovak National Assembly adopts theConstitution .[ 17] 1936 – TheFebruary 26 Incident in Tokyo ends.[ 18] 1940 – For her performance as Mammy inGone with the Wind ,Hattie McDaniel becomes the firstAfrican American towin anAcademy Award .[ 19] 1940 – Finland initiatesWinter War peace negotiations.[ 20] 1940 – In a ceremony held inBerkeley, California , physicistErnest Lawrence receives the 1939Nobel Prize in Physics from Sweden'sconsul general inSan Francisco .[ 21] 1944 – TheAdmiralty Islands are invaded inOperation Brewer , led by American generalDouglas MacArthur , in World War II.[ 22] 1960 – The 5.7 Mw Agadir earthquake shakes coastalMorocco with a maximum perceived intensity ofX (Extreme ) , destroying Agadir and leaving 12,000 dead and another 12,000 injured.[ 23] 1964 –British Eagle International Airlines Flight 802/6 crashes into theGlungezer mountain in theTux Alps of Austria, killing all 75 people aboard.[ 24] 1968 –Aeroflot Flight 15 crashesIrkutsk Oblast ,Soviet Union , due to a loss of control. Eighty-three of the 84 occupants onboard die. The exact cause of the accident is unknown.[ 25] [ 26] 1972 – South Korea withdraws 11,000 of its 48,000 troops fromSouth Vietnam as part ofNixon's Vietnamization policy in theVietnam War .[ 27] 1980 –Gordie Howe of theHartford Whalers makesNHL history as he scores his 800th goal.[ 28] 1984 –Pierre Trudeau announces his retirement asLiberal Party leader andPrime Minister of Canada .[ 29] 1988 – South African archbishopDesmond Tutu is arrested along with 100 other clergymen during a five-day anti-apartheid demonstration inCape Town .[ 30] 1988 –Svend Robinson becomes the first member of theHouse of Commons of Canada tocome out as gay .[ 31] 1992 – A referendum is begun inBosnia and Herzegovina for thedetermination of Bosnian independence .[ 32] 1996 –Faucett Perú Flight 251 crashes inthe Andes ; all 123 passengers and crew are killed.[ 33] 1996 – TheSiege of Sarajevo officially ends.[ 34] 2000 – Chechens attack a guard post near Ulus Kert, eventually killing 84 Russian paratroopers during theSecond Chechen War .[ 35] 2004 –Jean-Bertrand Aristide is removed as president ofHaiti followinga coup .[ 36] 2008 – The United Kingdom'sMinistry of Defence withdrawsPrince Harry from atour of Afghanistan after news of his deployment is leaked to foreign media.[ 37] 2008 –Misha Defonseca admits to fabricating her memoir,Misha: A Mémoire of the Holocaust Years , in which she claims to have lived with a pack of wolves in the woods duringthe Holocaust .[ 38] 2012 –North Korea agrees to suspenduranium enrichment and nuclear and long-range missile tests in return for US food aid.[ 39] 2016 – In theMiqdadiyah bombing : at least 40 people are killed and 58 others wounded following asuicide bombing byISIL at aShi'ite funeral in the city ofMiqdadiyah ,Diyala , Iraq.[ 40] 2020 – During a demonstration, pro-governmentcolectivos shoot at disputed President and Speaker of theNational Assembly Juan Guaidó and his supporters inBarquisimeto , Venezuela, leaving five injured.[ 41] [ 42] 2020 – TheUnited States and theTaliban sign theDoha Agreement for bringing peace toAfghanistan .[ 43] 2020 –Muhyiddin Yassin is appointed as the 8thPrime Minister of Malaysia , amid the2020 Malaysian political crisis .[ 44] 2020 –Luxembourg becomes the first country in the world to renderpublic transport free nationwide.[ 45] 2024 – TheFlour Massacre took place in theGaza Strip : Israeli forces opened fire on Palestinians waiting for aid amidst theGaza war , killing over 100 and wounding 750.[ 46] [ 47] 1640 –Benjamin Keach ,Particular Baptist preacher and author whose name is given toKeach's Catechism (died 1704)[ 53] 1692 –John Byrom , English poet and educator (died 1763)[ 54] 1724 –Eva Marie Veigel , Austrian-English dancer (died 1822)[ 55] 1736 –Ann Lee , English-American religious leader, founder of theShakers (died 1784)[ 56] 1792 –Gioachino Rossini , Italian composer (died 1868)[ 57] 1812 –James Milne Wilson , Scottish-Australian soldier and politician, eighthPremier of Tasmania (died 1880)[ 58] 1828 –Emmeline B. Wells , American journalist, poet and activist (died 1921)[ 59] 1836 –Dickey Pearce , American baseball player and manager (died 1908)[ 60] 1840 –Theodor Leber , Germanophthalmologist (died 1917)[ 61] 1852 –Frank Gavan Duffy , Irish-Australian lawyer and judge, fourthChief Justice of Australia (died 1936)[ 62] 1852 –Prince George Maximilianovich, 6th Duke of Leuchtenberg (died 1912)[ 63] 1860 –Herman Hollerith , American statistician and businessman, co-founder of theComputing-Tabulating-Recording Company (died 1929)[ 64] 1884 –Richard S. Aldrich , American lawyer and politician (died 1941)[ 65] 1892 –Augusta Savage , American sculptor (died 1962)[ 66] 1896 –Morarji Desai , Indian civil servant and politician, fourthPrime Minister of India (died 1995)[ 67] 1896 –William A. Wellman , American actor, director, producer and screenwriter (died 1975)[ 68] 1904 –Jimmy Dorsey , American saxophonist, composer and bandleader (died 1957)[ 69] 1904 –Pepper Martin , American baseball player and manager (died 1965)[ 70] 1908 –Balthus , French-Swiss painter and illustrator (died 2001)[ 71] 1908 –Dee Brown , American historian and author (died 2002)[ 72] 1908 –Alf Gover , English cricketer and coach (died 2001)[ 73] 1908 –Louie Myfanwy Thomas , Welsh writer (died 1968)[ 74] 1912 –Kamil Tolon , Turkish industrialist (died 1978)[ 75] 1916 –James B. Donovan , American lawyer (died 1970)[ 76] 1916 –Leonard Shoen , founder ofU-Haul Corp. (died 1999)[ 77] 1920 –Fyodor Abramov , Russian author and critic (died 1983)[ 78] 1920 –Arthur Franz , American actor (died 2006)[ 79] 1920 –James Mitchell , American actor and dancer (died 2010)[ 80] 1920 –Michèle Morgan , French-American actress and singer (died 2016)[ 81] 1920 –Rolland W. Redlin , American lawyer and politician (died 2011)[ 82] 1924 –David Beattie , New Zealand judge and politician, 14thGovernor-General of New Zealand (died 2001)[ 83] 1924 –Carlos Humberto Romero , Salvadoran politician,President of El Salvador (died 2017)[ 84] 1924 –Al Rosen , American baseball player and manager (died 2015)[ 85] 1928 –Joss Ackland , English actor (died 2023)[ 86] 1928 –Jean Adamson , British writer and illustrator (Topsy and Tim ) (died 2024)[ 87] 1928 –Vance Haynes , American archaeologist, geologist and author[ 88] 1928 –Michael Henshall , English Anglican suffragan bishop (died 2017)[ 89] 1928 –Seymour Papert , South African mathematician and computer scientist, co-creator of theLogo programming language (died 2016)[ 90] 1928 –Tempest Storm , born Annie Banks, "The Queen Of Exotic Dancers", American burlesque performer and actress (died 2021)[ 91] 1932 –Gene H. Golub , American mathematician and academic (died 2007)[ 92] 1932 –Masten Gregory , American race car driver (died 1985)[ 93] 1932 –Reri Grist , American soprano and actress[ 94] 1932 –Jaguar , Brazilian cartoonist (died 2025)[ 95] 1932 –Gavin Stevens , Australian cricketer[ 96] 1936 –Nh. Dini , Indonesian writer (died 2018)[ 97] 1936 –Jack R. Lousma , American colonel, astronaut and politician[ 98] 1936 –Henri Richard , Canadian ice hockey player (died 2020)[ 99] 1936 –Alex Rocco , American actor (died 2015)[ 100] 1940 –Sonja Barend , Dutch talk show host[ 101] 1940 –Bartholomew I , currentEcumenical Patriarch of Constantinople .[ 102] 1944 –Dennis Farina , American police officer and actor (died 2013)[ 103] 1944 –Nicholas Frayling , English priest and academic[ 104] 1944 –Phyllis Frelich , American actress (died 2014)[ 105] 1944 –Steve Mingori , American baseball player (died 2008)[ 106] 1944 –Paolo Eleuteri Serpieri , Italian author and illustrator[ 107] 1944 –Lennart Svedberg , Swedish ice hockey player (died 1972).[ 108] 1944 –Saeed Poursamimi , Iranian actor[ 109] 1948 –Hermione Lee , English author, critic and academic[ 110] 1948 –Manoel Maria , Brazilian footballer[ 111] 1948 –Patricia A. McKillip , American author (died 2022)[ 112] 1948 –Sonny M'Pokomandji , Central African basketball player and politician, Minister of Equipment and Transport (2003–2005)[ 113] 1952 –Tim Powers , American author and educator[ 114] 1952 –Raisa Smetanina , Russian cross-country skier[ 115] 1952 –Bart Stupak , American police officer and politician[ 116] 1956 –Knut Agnred , Swedish singer, actor and comedian[ 117] 1956 –Jonathan Coleman , English-Australian radio and television host (died 2021)[ 118] 1956 –Bob Speller , Canadian businessman and politician, 30thCanadian Minister of Agriculture (died 2021)[ 119] 1956 –Aileen Wuornos , American serial killer (died 2002)[ 120] 1960 –Khaled , Algerian singer-songwriter[ 121] 1960 –Richard Ramirez , American serial killer and sex offender (died 2013)[ 122] 1960 –Tony Robbins , American author and motivational activist[ 123] 1964 –Dave Brailsford , English cyclist and coach[ 124] 1964 –Carmel Busuttil , former Maltese footballer[ 125] [ 126] 1964 –Lyndon Byers , Canadian ice hockey player and radio host (died 2025)[ 127] [ 128] 1964 –Mervyn Warren , American tenor, composer and producer[ 129] 1968 –Chucky Brown , American basketball player and coach[ 130] 1968 –Gareth Farr , New Zealand composer and percussionist[ 131] 1968 –Pete Fenson , American curler[ 132] 1968 –Bryce Paup , American football player and coach[ 133] 1968 –Howard Tayler , American author and illustrator[ 134] 1968 –Eugene Volokh , Ukrainian-American lawyer and educator[ 135] 1968 –Frank Woodley , Australian actor, producer and screenwriter[ 136] 1972 –Sylvie Lubamba , Italian showgirl[ 137] 1972 –Mike Pollitt , English footballer and coach[ 138] 1972 –Antonio Sabàto Jr. , Italian-American model and actor[ 139] 1972 –Pedro Sánchez ,Prime Minister of Spain [ 140] 1972 –Dave Williams , American singer (died 2002)[ 141] 1972 –Saul Williams , American singer-songwriter[ 142] 1972 –Pedro Zamora , Cuban-American activist and educator (died 1994)[ 143] 1976 –Vonteego Cummings , American basketball player[ 144] 1976 –Katalin Kovács , Hungarian sprint kayaker[ 145] 1976 –Terrence Long , American baseball player[ 146] 1976 –Ja Rule , American rapper and actor[ 147] 1980 –Çağdaş Atan , Turkish footballer and coach[ 148] 1980 –Simon Gagné , Canadian ice hockey player[ 149] 1980 –Rubén Plaza , Spanish cyclist[ 150] 1980 –Clinton Toopi , New Zealand rugby league player[ 151] 1980 –Taylor Twellman , American soccer player and sportscaster[ 152] 1980 –Peter Scanavino , American actor (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit )[ 153] 1984 –Darren Ambrose , English footballer[ 154] 1984 –Rica Imai , Japanese model and actress[ 155] 1984 –Cullen Jones , American swimmer[ 156] 1984 –Nuria Martínez , Spanish basketball player[ 157] 1984 –Lena Raine , American video game composer and producer[ 158] 1984 –Rakhee Thakrar , English actress[ 159] 1984 –Cam Ward , Canadian ice hockey player[ 160] 1984 –Mark Foster , American singer, songwriter and musician[ 161] 1988 –Lena Gercke , German model and television host[ 162] 1988 –Benedikt Höwedes , German footballer[ 163] 1988 –Coco Khan , British writer[ 164] 1988 –Brent Macaffer , Australian Rules footballer[ 165] 1988 –Hannah Mills , Welsh sports sailor[ 166] 1992 –Sean Abbott , Australian cricketer[ 167] 1992 –Eric Kendricks , American football player[ 168] 1992 –Jessica Long , Americanparalympic swimmer [ 169] 1992 –Jessie T. Usher , American actor[ 170] 1992 –Saphir Taïder , Algerian footballer[ 171] 1996 –Nelson Asofa-Solomona , New Zealand rugby league player[ 172] 1996 –Norberto Briasco , Argentine-Armenian footballer[ 173] 1996 –Reece Prescod , British sprinter[ 174] 1996 –Claudia Williams , New Zealand tennis player[ 175] 2000 –Tyrese Haliburton , American basketball player[ 176] 2000 –Ferran Torres , Spanish footballer[ 177] 2000 –Jesper Lindstrøm , Danish footballer[ 178] 2004 –Lydia Jacoby , American swimmer[ 179] 2004 –Abdukodir Khusanov , Uzbek footballer[ 180] 1604 –John Whitgift , English archbishop and academic (born 1530)[ 187] 1712 –Johann Conrad Peyer , Swiss anatomist (born 1653)[ 188] 1744 –John Theophilus Desaguliers , French-English physicist and philosopher (born 1683)[ 189] 1792 –Johann Andreas Stein , German piano builder (born 1728)[ 190] 1820 –Johann Joachim Eschenburg , German historian and critic (born 1743)[ 191] 1848 –Louis-François Lejeune , French general, painter and lithographer (born 1775)[ 192] 1856 –Auguste Chapdelaine , French Christianmissionary (born 1814)[ 193] 1868 –Ludwig I of Bavaria (born 1786)[ 194] 1880 –James Milne Wilson , Scottish-Australian soldier and politician, 8thPremier of Tasmania (born 1812)[ 58] 1904 –Patrick O'Sullivan , Irish-Australian politician (born 1818)[ 195] 1904 –Henri Joseph Anastase Perrotin , French astronomer (born 1845)[ 196] 1908 –Pat Garrett , American sheriff (born 1850)[ 197] 1908 –John Hope, 1st Marquess of Linlithgow , Scottish-Australian politician, 1stGovernor-General of Australia (born 1860)[ 198] 1916 –John Nanson , English-Australian journalist and politician (born 1863)[ 199] 1920 –Ernie Courtney , American baseball player (born 1875)[ 200] 1924 –Frederic Chapple , Australian educator (born 1845)[ 201] 1928 –Adolphe Appia , Swiss architect and theorist (born 1862)[ 202] 1928 –Ina Coolbrith , American poet and librarian (born 1841)[ 203] 1932 –Arthur Mills Lea , Australian entomologist (born 1868)[ 204] 1932 –Giuseppe Vitali , Italian mathematician (born 1875)[ 205] 1940 –E. F. Benson , English archaeologist and author (born 1867)[ 206] 1944 –Pehr Evind Svinhufvud , Finnish lawyer, judge and politician, 3rdPresident of Finland (born 1861)[ 207] 1948 –Robert Barrington-Ward , English lawyer and journalist (born 1891)[ 208] 1952 –Sarah Ann Jenyns , Australian entrepreneur (born 1865)[ 209] 1956 –Elpidio Quirino , Filipino lawyer and politician, 6thPresident of the Philippines (born 1890)[ 210] 1960 –Melvin Purvis , American police officer andFBI agent (born 1903)[ 211] 1960 –Walter Yust , American journalist and author (born 1894)[ 212] 1964 –Frank Albertson , American actor and singer (born 1909)[ 213] 1968 –Tore Ørjasæter , Norwegian poet and educator (born 1886)[ 214] 1972 –Tom Davies , American football player and coach (born 1896)[ 215] 1976 –Florence P. Dwyer , American politician (born 1902)[ 216] 1980 –Yigal Allon , Israeli general and politician,Prime Minister of Israel (born 1918)[ 217] 1980 –Gil Elvgren , American painter and illustrator (born 1914)[ 218] 1984 –Ludwik Starski , Polish screenwriter and songwriter (born 1903)[ 219] 1992 –Ruth Pitter , English poet and author (born 1897)[ 220] 1996 –Frank Daniel , Czech-American director, producer and screenwriter (born 1926)[ 221] 1996 –Wes Farrell , American singer-songwriter and producer (born 1939)[ 222] 1996 –Ralph Rowe , American baseball player, coach and manager (born 1924)[ 223] 2000 –Dennis Danell , American guitarist (born 1961)[ 224] 2004 –Kagamisato Kiyoji , Japanese sumo wrestler, the 42ndYokozuna (born 1923)[ 225] 2004 –Jerome Lawrence , American playwright and author (born 1915)[ 226] 2004 –Harold Bernard St. John , Barbadian lawyer and politician, 3rdPrime Minister of Barbados (born 1931)[ 227] 2004 –Lorrie Wilmot , South African cricketer (born 1943)[ 228] 2008 –Janet Kagan , American author (born 1946)[ 229] 2008 –Erik Ortvad , Danish painter and illustrator (born 1917)[ 230] 2008 –Akira Yamada , Japanese scholar and philosopher (born 1922)[ 231] 2012 –Davy Jones , English singer, guitarist and actor (born 1945)[ 232] 2012 –Sheldon Moldoff , American illustrator (born 1920)[ 233] 2012 –P. K. Narayana Panicker , Indian social leader (born 1930)[ 234] 2016 –Wenn V. Deramas , Filipino director and screenwriter (born 1966)[ 235] 2016 –Gil Hill , American police officer, actor and politician (born 1931)[ 236] 2016 –Josefin Nilsson , Swedish singer (born 1969)[ 237] 2016 –Mumtaz Qadri , Pakistani assassin, executed (born 1985)[ 238] 2016 –Louise Rennison , English author (born 1951)[ 239] 2020 –Dieter Laser , German actor (born 1942)[ 240] 2020 –Éva Székely , HungarianHall of Fame swimmer and1952 Olympic champion (born 1927)[ 241] 2024 –Ali Hassan Mwinyi , 2ndPresident of Tanzania and 3rdPresident of Zanzibar (born 1925)[ 242] 2024 –Brian Mulroney , 18thPrime Minister of Canada (born 1939)[ 243] Holidays and observances [ edit ] ^ "Introduction to Calendars" .United States Naval Observatory . n.d. RetrievedMay 9, 2022 .^ Cheney, Christopher Robert, ed. (2000) [1945].A Handbook of Dates for students of British History . Revised by Michael Jones. 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