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TheFather of the Nation is anhonorific title given to a person considered the driving force behind the establishment of acountry,state, ornation.Pater Patriae was a Roman honorific meaning the "Father of the Fatherland", bestowed by the Senate on heroes, and later on emperors. In monarchies, themonarch is often considered the "father/mother of the nation" or as apatriarch to guide his family. This concept is expressed in thedivine right of kings espoused in some monarchies, while in others it is codified into constitutional law.
In theUnited States,George Washington, commander of theContinental Army during theAmerican Revolutionary War, president of theConstitutional Convention, and the firstpresident of the United States, is commonly considered the Father of the Nation. InSpain, the monarch is considered the personification and embodiment, the symbol of unity and permanence of the nation. In Thailand, the monarch is given the same recognition, and any person who expresses disrespect toward the reigning monarch faces severe criminal penalties.
Manydictators bestow titles upon themselves, which rarely survive the end of their regime.Gnassingbé Eyadéma ofTogo's titles included "father of the nation", "older brother", and "Guide of the People".[1]Mobutu Sese Seko,president of Zaire from 1971 to 1997, was referred to as "Father of the nation", "the Guide", "the Messiah", "the Leopard", "the Sun-President", and "the Cock who Jumps on Anything That Moves".[2] InpostcolonialAfrica, "father of the nation" was a title used by many leaders both to refer to their role in theindependence movement as a source oflegitimacy, and to usepaternalist symbolism as a source of continued popularity.[3] OnJoseph Stalin's seventieth birthday in 1949, he was bestowed with the title "Father of Nations" for his establishment of "people's democracies" incountries occupied by the USSR afterWorld War II.[4]
The title "Father of the Nation" is sometimes politically contested. The 1972Constitution of Bangladesh declaredSheikh Mujibur Rahman to be "father of the nation".[5] A motion in theParliament of Slovakia to proclaim controversial pre-war leaderAndrej Hlinka "father of the nation" barely failed in September 2007.[6]
The following people are still often called the "Father" or "Mother" of their respective nations.
| Name | Nation | Title (native) | Title (translation) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ahmad Shah Durrani |  Afghanistan | Ahmad Shāh Baba | Ahmad Shah the Father[7][8][9] | Founder of the AfghanDurrani Empire |
| Mohammad Zahir Shah | Father of the Nation | Last and longest-reigningking of Afghanistan (1933–1973)[10][11] | ||
| Ismail Kemal |  Albania | Babai Kombit | Father of the Nation | Led the Albanian national movement against theOttoman Empire |
| Ahmed Ben Bella |  Algeria | Father of the Nation | FirstPresident of Algeria and firstPrime Minister of Algeria | |
| V. C. Bird |  Antigua and Barbuda | Father of the Nation | Firstprime minister of Antigua and Barbuda and founder of theAntigua and Barbuda Labour Party.[12] | |
| Agostinho Neto |  Angola | Father of the Nation | Leader of theMPLA during theAngolan War of Independence and the firstPresident of Angola. | |
| José de San Martín |  Argentina Chile Peru | Padre de la Patria / Fundador de la República y Protector del Perú[13] | Father of the Fatherland / Founder of the Republic and Protector of Peru | Primary leader of theArgentine War of Independence and theSpanish American wars of independence in southern South America |
| María Remedios del Valle | Argentina | Madre de la Patria | Mother of the Homeland | Important officer in the Argentine Army during the War of Independence, referred to as the "Mother of the Homeland" since her lifetime. In 1829, the Chamber of Representatives of the province of Buenos Aires named her "Mother of the Homeland" and granted her the position of sergeant major.[14][15] |
| Հայկ (Hayk) |  Armenia | Նահապետ (Nahapet) | Head of the Family Patriarch | Legendary founder of theArmenian nation |
| Sir Henry Parkes,GCMG |  Australia | Father ofFederation | Gave theTenterfield Oration, which is believed to be pivotal in the process of theFederation of Australia. | |
| Heydar Aliyev |  Azerbaijan | Böyük Lider | Great Leader | 3rdPresident of Azerbaijan from 1993 to his death in 2003, considered the founder of the modern Azerbaijani state.[16] |
| Sir Lynden Pindling |  The Bahamas | Father of the Nation | Leader at independence in 1973.[17] | |
| Sheikh Mujibur Rahman |  Bangladesh | বঙ্গবন্ধু (Bangabandhu) | Founding president | Founding leader of Bangladesh. Leader during theBangladesh Liberation War.[18][19][20] |
| Errol Barrow |  Barbados | Father of Independence | The third and finalpremier of Barbados, serving from 1961 to 1966, who lead Barbados toindependence from the British Empire in 1966. He became the first prime minister and served three terms (1966–76, 1986–87) dying in office of illness during his third.[21] | |
| Konstanty Kalinowski |  Belarus | Стваральнік беларускага народу (Stvaralnik bielaruskaha narodu) | Creator of the Belarusian Nation | Used among other titles. Military and political leader during theJanuary Uprising.[22][23] Usage opposed by those who view Kalinowski's nationality as Polish, rather than Belarusian.[24] |
| George Cadle Price |  Belize | Father of the Nation | Former Chief Minister, Premier and two-term Prime Minister before retiring in 1997.[25][26] | |
| Simón Bolívar |  Bolivia Colombia Ecuador PanamaPeru Venezuela | El Libertador | The Liberator | Primary leader of theSpanish American wars of independence in northern South America. |
| Seretse Khama |  Botswana | Father of Independence | Leader of the independence movement and first President of Botswana. Creator of democracy in Botswana | |
| Dom Pedro I,Maria Leopoldina of Austria andJosé Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva |  Brazil | Pai da Pátria e Patriarca da Independência | Father of the Nation and Patriarch of Independence | Founder and the first Emperor of Brazil (1822) during theindependence of Brazil. Maria Leopoldina was the first Empress of Brazil. Bonifácio was the advisor of Pedro I. |
| Omar Ali Saifuddien III |  Brunei | Architect of Modern Brunei. Builder of the Modern Nation and Father of Independence | 28thSultan of Brunei and FirstMinister of Defence (1914–1986). | |
| Thomas Sankara |  Burkina Faso | Father of The Nation and Hero of Burkina Faso | First president ofBurkina Faso. Renamed the country fromUpper Volta to Burkina Faso and writer of the national anthem,Ditanyè. | |
| Louis Rwagasore |  Burundi | Father of Independence | Burundi independence movement leader, second and youngestPrime Minister of Burundi and Crown Prince of theKingdom of Burundi. | |
| Asparuh |  Bulgaria | Кан (Kanasubigi) | Founder and first ruler of theFirst Bulgarian Empire. | |
| Vasil Levski | Апостола на свободата (Apostola na svobodata) | Apostle of Freedom | Main revolutionary who fought for theindependence of Bulgaria fromOttoman rule | |
| Norodom Sihanouk |  Cambodia | សម្តេចឪ (Sâmdéch Âu) | King Father | Securedindependencefrom France. |
| John A. Macdonald and the otherFathers of Confederation |  Canada | Fathers of Confederation Pères de la Confédération | Father of Confederation | The 36 Canadian politicians who negotiatedCanadian Confederation |
| Bernardo O'Higgins | Chile | Padre de la patria | Father of the fatherland | Principal leader of theChilean War of Independence. |
| Sun Yat-sen |  Republic of China | 國父 (Guófù) | Father of the Nation | Sun played an instrumental role in the overthrow of theQing dynasty during theXinhai Revolution. TheNationalist government decreed the title in 1940.[27] Sun is more widely known in thePeople's Republic of China as the "Forerunner of the Revolution".[28] |
| José María Castro Madriz |  Costa Rica | Fundador de la República | Founder of the Republic | First President of the Republic of Costa Rica.[29] |
| Ante Starčević |  Croatia | Otac domovine | Father of the Homeland | His diverse activities and works laid the foundations for the modernCroatian state.[30] |
| Carlos Manuel de Céspedes |  Cuba | Padre de la Patria | Father of the Fatherland[31] | Leader of the first Cuban independence movement which fought theTen Years' War. |
| ArchbishopMakarios III |  Cyprus | Εθνάρχης (Ethnárchis) | Ethnarch | First and longest President of Cyprus, leader ofGreek Cypriot nationalist movement duringCypriot intercommunal violence |
| Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor |  Czech Republic | Otec vlasti | Father of the Homeland | King of Bohemia. Title coined by therector of theCharles University of Prague at the emperor's funeral.[32] |
| František Palacký | Otec národa | Father of the Nation | Politician and historian, influential inCzech National Revival movement.[32] Whereasvlast "homeland" included all inhabitants,národ "nation" comprised onlyCzech people.[33] | |
| Tomáš Masaryk | Tatíček / Prezident Osvoboditel | Father of the Fatherland / President Liberator | FirstPresident of Czechoslovakia, helped negotiate establishment of Czechoslovakia with theAllies of World War I.[32][34][clarification needed] | |
| Juan Pablo Duarte |  Dominican Republic | Padre de la Patria | Father of the Fatherland | Foremost of the founding fathers of theDominican Republic and the key leader responsible for shaping the modern revolutionary ideology that opposed all foreign rule. |
| Pedro Santana | Libertador de la Patria | Liberator of the Fatherland | Served as the firstPresident of the Dominican Republic and helped free the country fromHaitianrule. | |
| Presbyter, Dr.José Matías Delgado |  El Salvador | Padre de la patria | Father of the fatherland | One of the founding fathers of El Salvador, and principal leader of theFirst Shout of Independence.[35] |
| Ilia Chavchavadze |  Georgia | უგვირგვინო მეფე (Ugvirgvino Mepe) ერის მამა (Eris Mama) | The Crownless King / Father of the Nation | Promoted Georgian language, literature, culture, andchurch autocephaly under imperialRussian rule. |
| Members of theParlamentarischer Rat |  Germany | Väter und Mütter des Grundgesetzes | Fathers and mothers of the Basic Law | Drafted theBasic Law, the constitution of (then West) Germany |
| Kwame Nkrumah |  Ghana | Osagyefo[what language is this?] | Father of the nation | First president and prime minister of Ghana duringdecolonization, the first country in Sub-Saharan Africa to achieve full independence. |
| Alexander the Great |  Greece | Πατέρας των Ελλήνων (Patéras ton Ellínon) | Father of the Greeks | Founder of theMacedonian Empire responsible for spreading Greek culture during theHellenistic period. |
| Cheddi Jagan |  Guyana | Father of the Nation | President of Guyana from 1992 to 1997. | |
| Jean-Jacques Dessalines andToussaint Louverture[36][37] |  Haiti | Père de la patrie | Father of the Fatherland | Primary leaders of theHaitian Revolution. |
| Dionisio de Herrera |  Honduras | Padre de la Patria | Father of the Fatherland | First Head of State of Honduras within theFederal Republic of Central America |
| Árpád |  Hungary | Honalapító | Founder of the Homeland | SecondGrand Prince of the Hungarians, leader of theHungarian conquest of the Carpathian basin. |
| Mahatma Gandhi |  India | राष्ट्रपिता (Rashtrapita) Bapu (Father) | Father of the Nation[38][39] | Leader of theIndian independence movement fromBritish Raj. |
| Soepomo Mohammad Yamin Sukarno Mohammad Hatta Sutan Sjahrir |  Indonesia | Bapak Bangsa Sang Proklamator Dwitunggal | Father(s) of the Nation The Proclamators Duumvirate | Main leaders of the Indonesian National Revolution, wrote and signed theProclamation of Indonesian Independence, as well as served as the first President and Vice President of Indonesia, respectively. |
| Cyrus the Great |  Iran (Persia) | Shahanshah | King of Kings | The founder of the firstPersian Empire |
| David Ben-Gurion |  Israel | Israel'sfounding father[40] | Father of the Nation | Formally proclaimed the establishment of Israel and served as its firstprime minister |
| Theodor Herzl | חוֹזֵה הַמְדִינָה (Chozeh HaMedinah,lit. 'Visionary of the State') | Spiritual Father of the Jewish State[41] | Father of modernpolitical Zionism | |
| Julius Caesar |  Italy | Pater Patriae | Father of the Fatherland | Gave theRoman citizenship to all the inhabitants of theItalian Peninsula |
| Augustus | Pater Patriae | Father of the Fatherland | Gave administrative unity to theItalian Peninsula, by defining the regions ofRoman Italy. | |
| Padre della Patria | Father of the Fatherland | Authors ofItalian unification[42][43][44] | ||
| Emperor Jimmu |  Japan | 神武天皇 (Jinmu Ten-noh) | Legendary firstEmperor of Japan | |
| Kerei Khan andJanibek Khan |  Kazakhstan | Негізін қалаушылар (Negızın qalauşylar) | Founders | Founders and first rulers of theKazakh Khanate, who led theKazakh War of Independence against theUzbek Khanate and established the first independent Kazakh state.[45] |
| Members of theAlash | Kazakh intellectuals who took part in the national liberation movement and formed theAlash Orda provisional government during theRussian Revolution. | |||
| Jomo Kenyatta |  Kenya | Baba wa Taifa | Father of the Nation/Freedom Fighter | First President of Kenya from 1963 to his death in 1978 who helped create theKenyan Constitution. |
| Ibrahim Rugova |  Kosovo | Ati i Kombit | Father of the Nation | Firstpresident of theFirst Republic of Kosovo.President ofSerbianAutonomous Province of Kosovo and Metochia underUN administration after theKosovo War. |
| Muammar Gaddafi |  Libya | Father of the Nation | Leader of Libya from 1969 to 2011. He styled himself as the Father of the Nation, in addition to using other titles.[46][47] He was also styled as such by Libyan state media.[48] | |
| Jonas Basanavičius |  Lithuania | Tautos patriarchas | Patriarch of the Nation | Various cultural activities during theLithuanian National Revival.[49] |
| Tunku Abdul Rahman |  Malaysia |
|
| The firstPrime Minister of Malaysia. A prince from theKedah Sultanate, the Cambridge-educated Tunku led the negotiated independence ofFederation of Malaya from theBritish Empire in 1957. Later formedMalaysia through the union of Peninsular Malaya,Singapore,North Borneo andSarawak in 1963. |
| Muhammad Fareed Didi |  Maldives | Founder of modern Maldives and lastsultan of Maldives. | ||
| Giorgio Borġ Olivier |  Malta | Missier Malta Indipendenti | Father of Independent Malta | First post-independencePrime Minister of Malta between 1950–1955 and 1962–1971. |
| Dom Mintoff |
|
| A Maltese statesman and leading politician. He twice served as Prime Minister of Malta (from 1955 to 1958, and from 1974 to 1984) as the Leader of theLabour Party, a position he held from 1949 to 1984. In 1974, with him as Prime Minister, Malta negotiated a series of constitutional reforms leading to the establishment of the Maltese Republic and the removal of theBritish monarch ashead of state. In 1979, the lastRoyal Navy ships left Malta, marking the country's transformation into a fully independent nation. Mintoff is also credited with the establishment of the Maltesewelfare state and thesocialist-stylenationalisation andcollectivisation of various key industries. | |
| SirSeewoosagur Ramgoolam |  Mauritius | Father of the Nation[50] | First post-independence Prime Minister, in 1968. | |
| Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla |  Mexico | Padre de la patria mexicana[51] | Father of the Mexican Nation[52] | First revolutionary leader in theMexican War of Independence. |
| Genghis Khan |  Mongolia | Монголчуудын эцэг (Mongolčuudyn eceg) | Father of theMongols, Founding Father of Mongolia[53] | After unifying the many nomadic tribes of northeastern Asian steppe peoples, Genghis Khan founded theMongol Empire and became the first Great Khan and Emperor. He eventually led aconquest of the majority of Eurasia, and his unified homeland would become Mongolia. |
| Mohammed V |  Morocco | أَب الْأُمَّة (ʔab al-ʔumma) | Father of the Nation[54][55] | King of Morocco during its independence in 1956, seen by most Moroccans as Father of the Nation.[56] |
| Aung San |  Myanmar |
| Father of Nation,[57][58] Father of Independence, Father ofTatmadaw (Burmese Army) | He was the founder of Tatmadaw (Burmese Army) and he was the 5thPrime Minister of Burma during theBritish Era from 1946 to 1947. He was instrumental in Myanmar's struggle for independence from British rule, but he was assassinated just six months before his goal was realized. |
| Sam Nujoma |  Namibia | Founding Father of the Namibian Nation | Primary leader ofSWAPO during theSouth African Border War and firstPresident of Namibia, 1990–2005; title conferred byAct of Parliament in 2005.[59][60] | |
| Prithvi Narayan Shah |  Nepal | श्री ५ बडामहाराजधिराज पृथ्वी नारायण शाह (śrī 5 baḍāmhārājdhirāj pr̥thvī nārāyaṇ śāha) | Father of the Nation | King of Nepal during theUnification of Nepal. |
| William the Silent |  Netherlands | Vader des Vaderlands | Father of the Fatherland | Leader of the successfulDutch Revolt against theSpanish Empire, which led to theDutch Republic, the first independent Dutch state.[61] |
| Diriangén[62] |  Nicaragua | Padre de la Patria Nicaragüense | Father of the Nicaraguan Fatherland | Native Nicaraguan tribal leader |
| José Núñez | Salvador de la Patria[63] | Savior of the Fatherland | First president of independent Nicaragua following its secession from theFederal Republic of Central America. | |
| Nnamdi Azikiwe |  Nigeria | Father of Nigerian Nationalism | First president ofNigeria when it became a republic on 1 October 1963, and was the last governor general of Nigeria. | |
| Krste Misirkov |  North Macedonia | Татко на нацијата (Tatko na nacijata) | Father of the Nation | Prominent linguist, writer and activist. |
| Einar Gerhardsen |  Norway | Landsfaderen | Father of the Nation | First post–World War IIprime minister ofNorway.[64] |
| Kim Il Sung |  North Korea | 주체조선의 영원한 수령 (juchejoseonui yeong'wonhan suryeong) | Eternal Leader | Founder of the North Korean state, progenitor ofJuche, andGeneral Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea from 1949 to 1994.[65] |
| Qaboos bin Said |  Oman | أَبُو الْأُمَّة (ʔabū al-ʔumma) | Father of the Nation | Sultan from 1970 to 2020, transitioned the country to independence from Britain and promulgated theBasic Statute of Oman.[66][67][68] |
| Muhammad Ali Jinnah |  Pakistan | Father of the Nation Great Leader | Led thePakistan Movement and served as the firstgovernor-general of Pakistan. | |
| Yasser Arafat |  Palestine | The Father of Palestine[71] | Led thePalestinian liberation movement and served aspresident of theState of Palestine from 1994 to 2004. | |
| SirMichael Somare |  Papua New Guinea | Papa Blo Kantri (Tok Pisin)[72] | Father of the Nation | Leader at independence in 1975; also known as "the chief" and "the old man".[73] |
| Emilio Aguinaldo |  Philippines | Kauna-unahang Pangulo ng Pilipinas | First President of thePhilippines | Military Leader of thePhilippine Revolution and the FirstPresident of the Philippines through the 1899Malolos Congress, which oversaw the promulgation of theMalolos Constitution. His birthday, 22 March 1869, is celebrated as Emilio Aguinaldo Day. |
| Andrés Bonifacio | Amá ng Himagsikan | Father of the Revolution | Political Leader of thePhilippine Revolution, which saw armed resistance against the Spanish Empire. His birthday, 30 November 1863, is a national holiday. | |
| José Rizal | Pambansáng Bayani | National Hero | Colloquially known as the "National Hero". Rizal's works and writings–which helped start thePhilippine Revolution–are part of the national curriculum as mandated by Republic Act No. 1425. The anniversary of his 30 December 1896 execution by the Spanish colonial government is a national holiday.[74] | |
| Ignacy Daszyński,Roman Dmowski,Wojciech Korfanty,Ignacy Jan Paderewski,Józef Piłsudski,Wincenty Witos |  Poland | Ojcowie Niepodległości,Ojcowie Polski Odrodzonej | Fathers of Independence, Fathers of Reborn Poland | AfterWorld War I six fathers of independence jointly took advantage of the favorable conditions and led to the birth of theSecond Polish Republic.[75] |
| Mieszko I | Twórca państwa polskiego | Founder of the Polish state | Mieszko I unitedslavic tribes of Poland,baptized the country and became the first historicalruler of Poland. | |
| DomAfonso I of Portugal |  Portugal | Fundador da Nacionalidade | Founder of Nationhood a.k.a.The Conqueror | Founder and first King of Portugal (1139), recognized by theHoly See in 1179. |
| Peter I of Russia |  Russia | Отец Отечества (Otec Otečestva) | Father of the Fatherland | Was granted the title in 1721 by theGoverning Senate, along with "Emperor of Russia" and "The Great".[76] |
| El-Ouali Mustapha Sayed |  Western Sahara | Father of the Nation | Leader of thePolisario Front, First President of theSADR. Fought against Spanish colonial army & against the invasion of the Moroccan and Mauritanian armies in theWestern Sahara conflict. | |
| SirJohn Compton |  Saint Lucia | Father of the Nation | Prime Minister at independence in 1979. Also known as "Daddy Compton".[77] | |
| Saint Marinus |  San Marino | Founder of a chapel and monastery in central Italy, in 301 (traditional date: 3 September). From this initial community the state of San Marino later grew.[78] | ||
| Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia |  Saudi Arabia | وَالِد الْأُمَّة (Wālid al-ʔumma)/الْمُؤَسِّس (Al-Muʔassis) | Father of the Nation/The Founder | Unified the tribes of theArabian Peninsula and established the modern Saudi state. He descended from the nobleHouse of Saud, the dynasty which had ruled most of Arabia in the 18th century. His sonKing Salman is the current head of state ofSaudi Arabia. Five other older sons –Saud,Faisal,Khalid,Fahd andAbdullah – served as former heads of state. |
| Donald Dewar |  Scotland | Father of the Nation | The inaugural holder of the office ofFirst Minister ofScotland following the reconvening of theScottish Parliament in 1999.[79] He is known as the Father of the Nation for his role in overseeing the introduction ofScottish devolution.[80] | |
| Dobrica Ćosić |  Serbia | Отац нације (Otac nacije)[81][82] | Father of the Nation | Yugoslav and Serbian politician, writer, and political theorist. |
| Karađorđe andMiloš the Great | Отац нације (Otac nacije)[83][84] | Father of the Nation | Leaders of theFirst andSecond Serbian Uprising during theSerbian Revolution. | |
| Saint Sava | Отац отаџбине (Otac otadžbine)[85] | Father of the Fatherland | Founder of theSerbian Orthodox Church. | |
| Lee Kuan Yew |  Singapore | Father of Singapore | FirstPrime Minister of theRepublic of Singapore, governing for over 30 years. Leading figure throughout Singapore's time as apart of Malaysia and its later independence. | |
| Primož Trubar andJanez Bleiweis |  Slovenia | Oče naroda | Father of the Nation | A consolidator ofSlovene and the author of the first Slovene printed book (Trubar) and a politician, national awakener and promotor of theUnited Slovenia political program (Bleiweis). |
| Mohammed Abdullah Hassan |  Somalia | Father of the fatherland | The emir of Dervish andDiiriye Guure.[86] | |
| Nelson Mandela |  South Africa | Tata wethu | Our Father | Primary leader ofinternal resistance to apartheid as chairman of theAfrican National Congress, and first President of post-apartheid South Africa.[87] |
| Catholic Monarchs (Ferdinand and Isabella) |  Spain | Reyes Católicos de los reinos de Castilla y Aragón | Catholic Monarchs of the Kingdoms of Castille and Aragon | The unifiers of Spain. They unified the territories ofCastille,Aragon andAl-Andalus, all the territories of the Iberian Peninsula, except Portugal. During their reignAmerica was discovered and started theSpanish Empire. |
| Don Stephen Senanayake |  Sri Lanka | ජාතියේ පියා (Jātiyē Piyā) | Father of the Nation | First Prime Minister, from 1947 to 1952.[88] |
| Johan Ferrier |  Suriname | Vader des Vaderlands | Father of the Nation | First president after the independence of the country in 1975 (the termVader des Vaderlands has its roots in the Netherlands). |
| Gustav I of Sweden |  Sweden | Landsfader | Father of the Nation | Led Sweden out of theKalmar Union. |
| Per Albin Hansson[89] | Landsfader | Father of the Nation | Prime Minister 1932–1946 and founder ofThe People's Home. | |
| Julius Nyerere |  Tanzania | Baba wa Taifa | Father of the Nation | FirstPresident of Tanzania.[90] |
| Henry Alcazar, Victor Bryan,Tubal Uriah Butler,Rudranath Capildeo,Simbhoonath Capildeo,Arthur Andrew Cipriani,Albert Gomes,Solomon Hochoy,A. P. T. James,Audrey Jeffers, Ranjit Kumar,Emmanuel Mzumbo Lazare, Chanka Maharaj,Bhadase Sagan Maraj,Quintin O'Connor, Michael Pocock,Adrian Cola Rienzi (Krishna Deonarine), Alfred Richards, Harold Robinson, Timothy Roodal, Lionel Seukeran,Ashford Sinanan, Mitra Sinanan,Sarran Teelucksingh, Louis de Verteuil, Gerald Wight,Eric Williams,Hugh Wooding[91] |  Trinidad and Tobago | Moulders of the Nation[91] | They helped shape the country's future as an independent nation and laid the foundation of democracy.[91] | |
| Eric Williams | Father of the Nation | First and three-termPrime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago from 1956 to his death in 1981, first Premier of Trinidad and Tobago from 1961 to 1966, second Chief Minister of Trinidad and Tobago from 1956 to 1961, founder of thePeople's National Movement (PNM) and was instrumental in writing the Trinidad and Tobago constitution and gaining the countryindependence andrepublicanism fromBritish rule.[92][93] | ||
| Habib Bourguiba |  Tunisia | الْمُجَاهِد الْأَكْبَر (al-Mujāhid Al-ʔakbar) | The Supreme Warrior | Father of the independence ofTunisia and firstPresident of Tunisia. He led theTunisian national movement against theFrench colonial empire. AfterTunisian independence, he founded a modern state, built schools and hospitals and gave the Tunisian women rights that are still unique in the Arab World today. |
| Mustafa Kemal Atatürk |  Turkey | Atatürk | Father of the Turks (always used as a last name and not a title proper) | Founder of theRepublic of Turkey and firstPresident of Turkey. He led theTurkish national movement in theTurkish War of Independence, and enactedthe reforms that made Turkey a democratic nation-state. Granted in accordance with the 1934Surname Law establishingsurnames in Turkey.[94] |
| Bohdan Khmelnytsky |  Ukraine | Father of the Nation | Leader of theKhmelnytsky Uprising against thePolish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and founder of theCossack Hetmanate, the first independent Ukrainian state. | |
| SheikhZayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan |  United Arab Emirates | وَالِد الْأُمَّة (Wālid al-ʔumma) | Father of the Nation | President of the UAE for its first 33 years (1971–2004).[95][96] |
| George Washington,John Adams,Thomas Jefferson,James Madison,John Jay,Alexander Hamilton,Benjamin Franklin and otherSigners andFramers |  United States | Founding Fathers[97][98] | The Signers signed theUnited States Declaration of Independence in 1776. The Framers were delegates to theConstitutional Convention and took part in framing or drafting the proposedUnited States Constitution. | |
| George Washington | Father of His Country[99][100] | George Washington is particularly highlighted out of theFounding Fathers of the United States as being the "father of his country"[99][100] for his role as thecommander-in-chief of theContinental Army during theAmerican Revolutionary War, his resignation of command at the end of the war, the presidency of the Constitutional Convention and forhis tenure (andvoluntary retirement) as the firstPresident of the United States. | ||
| José Gervasio Artigas |  Uruguay | Padre de la independencia uruguaya,Protector de los Pueblos Libres y Jefe de los orientales[101] | Father of Uruguayan independence, Defender of the Free and Chief of the eastern people[102] | Fought against theSpanish Royalists for independence in theRío de la Plata. |
| Ho Chi Minh |  Vietnam | Cha già dân tộc | Father of the people | Leader of theViet Minh, who fought for independence from France in theFirst Indochina War and decisively defeated them at the bloodyBattle of Dien Bien Phu, resulting in the establishment of an independentDemocratic Republic of Vietnam in the north of the country in 1954. Vietnam would eventually be united underCommunist Party of Vietnam rule after his death with theFall of Saigon at the end of theVietnam War in 1975. |
| Rhodri Morgan |  Wales | Tad y Genedl[103] | Father of the Nation | First Minister of Wales from 2000 to 2009. He is credited with stabilisingWelsh devolution after the short and unstable premiership of his predecessor, the first First MinisterAlun Michael.[104][105][106] |
| Kenneth Kaunda |  Zambia | Tata[what language is this?] | Father of the nation | First president of Zambia from 1964 to 1991. He founded theZambian African National Congress (ANC), later becoming the head of theUnited National Independence Party (UNIP) which led to attaining independence. |
{{cite book}}:ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)it has been well documented that Sir Lynden Pindling was the leader of the political movement that led to the attainment of majority rule on January 10, 1967, and that he is recognized as the ৭ of the Nation — the man who was the country's leader when The Bahamas obtained its independence from theUnited Kingdom on July 10, 1973.
Rt. Honourable George Cadle Price, "Father of the Nation" of Belize
Even Prime MinisterDean Barrow calls George Price the father of the nation[permanent dead link]
Cuba commemorates this Sunday the beginning of its wars of independence, the 10 of October of 1868, when the insigne patriotic Carlos Manuel de Cespedes, considered the Father of the Motherland, gave the freedom to his slaves to begin the fight by the liberation of the Nation.
Mahatma Gandhi was never accorded the 'Father of the Nation' title by Government of India and no rule or ordinance was ever passed in this regard. ... Article 18 (1) of the Constitution does not permit any titles except education and military ones. ... a bench comprising Chief Justice SA Bobde and justices BR Gavai and Surya Kant, had observed, 'Mahatma Gandhi is the Father of the Nation and people hold him in high esteem, beyond any formal recognition'.
Known as the "Father of the Nation", Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam has throughout his political career from 1940 to 1982 been closely associated with the significant emancipation of the people of Mauritius and has led the struggle for Independence.
Miguel Hidalgo, considerado el "padre de la patria" mexicana
تحل يوم غد الثلاثاء (عاشر رمضان) الذكرى الـ 66 لوفاة أب الأمة جلالة المغفور له محمد الخامس، قدس الله روحه، [...]
It is in piety and meditation that the Moroccan people commemorate this Tuesday, Ramadan 10, the 63rd anniversary of the death of His Majesty King Mohammed V, Father of the Nation, craftsman of independence and symbol of the struggle of peoples for freedom and emancipation.
During his 50-year reign Sultan Qaboos became an immensely popular figure, widely admired as the Father of the Nation.
Today the nation marks the 60th Death anniversary of Mohammad Ali Jinnah, known as Quaid-e-Azam, meaning "Great Leader" and Baba-e-Qaum meaning Father of the Nation.[permanent dead link]
ОТАЦ ОТАЏБИНЕ – КАРАЂОРЂЕ ПЕТРОВИЋ
да се на престо српски поврати њен ослободилац и оснивалац: Отац Отаџбине, Милош Обреновић Велики,
Отац Отаџбине Св. Сава је надахнуо Немањи- ну државу идеалима хришћанског патриотизма и створио слободну цркву у слободној држави. Држа- ва је Отечество – земља мојих ота- ца. Држава не сме да буде импери- ја, јер где ...
This letter is sent by all the Dervishes, the Amir, and all the Dolbahanta to the Ruler of Berbera ... We are a Government, we have a Sultan, an Amir, and Chiefs, and subjects ... (reply) In his last letter the Mullah pretends to speak in the name of the Dervishes, their Amir (himself), and the Dolbahanta tribes. This letter shows his object is to establish himself as the Ruler of the Dolbahanta
Under krigsåren 1939-1945 kom Hansson att framståsom en landsfader och en garanti för fullföljande av den svenska neutralitetspolitiken.
His Highness Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, the late UAE President and Ruler of Abu Dhabi, a man affectionately known as 'The Father of The Nation' for his work as an architect of the UAE Federation.
He was frequently referred to as the father of the nation.
1764: Nace en Montevideo (Uruguay) José Gervasio Artigas, iniciador rioplatense del federalismo y padre de la independencia uruguaya. Falleció cerca de Asunción el 23 de septiembre de 1850.
José Gervasio Artigas, who doggedly led his guerrilla bands against the Spanish armies and raised the flag of a free Uruguay, is affectionately remembered by his fellow countrymen as "the father of Uruguayan independence.