Spanish Falange of the Councils for the National Syndicalist Offensive Falange Española de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Leader | Norberto Pedro Pico Sanabria |
| Founded | 4 October 1976 (1976-10-04) |
| Split from | FET y de las JONS |
| Preceded by | Falange Española de las JONS |
| Headquarters | C/ Carranza 13 2º 28004,Madrid |
| Newspaper | En Marcha (since 2017) Patria Sindicalista (1977–2017) |
| Ideology | Falangism •Ultranationalism •Spanish Nationalism •National syndicalism •Third Position •Republicanism •Anti-capitalism •Anti-communism •Anti-liberalism |
| Political position | Far-right |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
| National affiliation | ADÑ–Spanish Identity (2018–2024) |
| International affiliation | ISL "Paladins" (since 2025) |
| Colors | Red Black |
| Anthem | Cara al Sol |
| Party flag | |
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| Website | |
| www | |
Falange Española de las JONS (Spanish for "Spanish Falange of the Councils for the National Syndicalist Offensive",FE de las JONS orFE-JONS) is a Spanish political party registered in 1976, originating from a faction of the previousFalange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista.[1] The wordFalange is Spanish forphalanx. Members of the party are calledFalangists (Spanish:falangistas). The main ideological bases of the party arenational syndicalism,Third Position andultranationalism.
FE-JONS was the first political party legalized by theSpanish Transition, on 4 October 1976.[2] After the death of dictatorFrancisco Franco in 1975, a destabilization campaign led by some sectors of the right, trying to repeat the strategy of the 1930s, began. Originally, FE-JONS was linked with theneofascist terrorism inSpain, along with other similar groups.[3] A prominent member of the party was linked with the1977 Massacre of Atocha. This strategy continued in the following years,[4][5] although the party also participated in elections and fully legal activities. In 1980 an "escuadrilla" (squadron) of the party killed Juan Carlos García Pérez inCiudad Lineal,Madrid.[6]
After the electoral defeat in the1977 general election, in which the candidacies openly defendingneo-francoist positions gained less than the 1% of the vote, the party begun a gradual distancing from theFranco regime, highlighting the thoughts of pre-Franco falangists, likeJosé Antonio Primo de Rivera orRamiro Ledesma.[7] In 1979 theCírculos Doctrinales José Antonio joined the organization, in an attempt to uniteneofalangists under a single political party. The same year FE-JONS formed a coalition withFuerza Nueva and variousCarlist political organizations calledNational Union. The coalition gained 1 MP in theelections of that year, gaining 378,964 votes (2.11%). The party did not participate in the23-F coup attempt.
Raimundo Fernández-Cuesta, the "National Chief" of the party since its foundation, resigned in 1983. Diego Márquez Horrillo (1928-2014) was elected as the new chief the same year. Since then the party fully broke withFrancoism, declaring itself the successor of the originalFalange Española de las JONS, and fully rejecting the "Unification Decree" of 1937.
In 1999, a sector of the party split, formingLa Falange. In 2004, the small factionFalange Española Independiente (FEI) joined FE-JONS. In 2011 the organization elected a new national chief, Norberto Pedro Pico Sanabria. Pico was an ex-member of the FEI. In 2012 another small faction, Mesa Nacional Falangista, joined FE-JONS.[8]
In March 2020, Luz Belinda Rodríguez, a member of the Parliament of Andalusia who had leftVox to become an unaffiliated legislator in January 2020,[9] reportedly joined the Falange and vowed to bring the initiatives of FE-JONS to the Parliament of Andalusia.[10] She then quit the Falange to found her own party.[11]
On 8 July 2023, theJunta Electoral Central gave permission for the Falange to use their anthemCara al Sol in advertisement, citing that the lyrics themselves do not violate theDemocratic Memory Law and do not incite conflict or hatred against any specific group.[12]
On 29 October 2024, La Falange announced it would be rejoining FE-JONS after 48 years.[13]
FE-JONS has been described as the mainfalangist group active in Spain.[14] The party's ideology has been variously described asneo-fascist,ultranationalist andxenophobic.[2]
Symbols ofFalangism:
| National Chief | Term | |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Raimundo Fernández-Cuesta | 1976 – 1983 |
| 2. | Diego Márquez Horrillo | 1983 – 2011 |
| 3. | Norberto Pico Sanabria | 2011 – present |
| Election | Leading candidate | Congress | Senate | Government | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Seats | +/– | |||
| 1977 | 46,548 | 0.25 | 0 / 350 | New | 0 / 208 | New | No seats | |
| 1979 | WithinNational Union | 1 / 350 |  1 | 0 / 208 |  0 | Opposition | ||
| 1982 | 2,528 | 0.01 | 0 / 350 |  1 | 0 / 208 | 0 | No seats | |
| 1986 | 43,449 | 0.22 | 0 / 350 | 0 | 0 / 208 | 0 | No seats | |
| 1989 | Diego Márquez Horrillo | 24,025 | 0.12 | 0 / 350 | 0 | 0 / 208 | 0 | No seats |
| 1993 | 8,000 | 0.03 | 0 / 350 | 0 | 0 / 208 | 0 | No seats | |
| 2004 | 12,266 | 0.05 | 0 / 350 | 0 | 0 / 208 | 0 | No seats | |
| 2008 | 14,023 | 0.05 | 0 / 350 | 0 | 0 / 208 | 0 | No seats | |
| 2011 | 2,901 | 0.01 | 0 / 350 | 0 | 0 / 208 | 0 | No seats | |
| 2015 | 7,495 | 0.03 | 0 / 350 | 0 | 0 / 208 | 0 | No seats | |
| 2016 | 9,862 | 0.04 | 0 / 350 | 0 | 0 / 208 | 0 | No seats | |
| Apr. 2019 | 641 | 0.00 | 0 / 350 | 0 | 0 / 208 | 0 | Snap election | |
| Nov. 2019 | 608 | 0.00 | 0 / 350 | 0 | 0 / 208 | 0 | No seats | |
| 2023 | Norberto Pico | 4,683 | 0.02 | 0 / 350 | 0 | 0 / 208 | 0 | No seats |
| Election | Leading candidate | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | EP Group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1987 | Diego Márquez Horrillo | 23,407 | 0.12 | 0 / 61 | New | – |
| 1989 | 24,340 | 0.15 | 0 / 61 | 0 | – | |
| 1994 | 11,733 | 0.06 | 0 / 61 | 0 | – | |
| 2004 | 4,484 | 0.03 | 0 / 61 | 0 | – | |
| 2009 | 10,031 | 0.06 | 0 / 54 | 0 | – | |
| 2014 | Norberto Pico | 21,687 | 0.14 | 0 / 54 | 0 | – |
| 2019 | WithinADÑ–Spanish Identity | 0 / 59 | 0 | – | ||
| 2024 | 9,677 | 0.06 | 0 / 61 | 0 | – | |
