Fabius Mieses | |
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| Born | (1824-10-31)31 October 1824 |
| Died | 10 October 1898(1898-10-10) (aged 73) |
| Language | Hebrew,German |
| Literary movement | Haskalah |
| Spouse | Sarah Mieses (née Mieses)[1] |
Fabius Mieses (Yiddish:פֿאַבּיוס מיעזעס,Hebrew:פביוס מיזס; 31 October 1824 – 10 October 1898) was aGalician writer, poet, and philosopher of theHaskalah. Besides numerous published books, he frequently contributed poetry and articles to variousHebrew andGerman periodicals.[2]
Mieses was born in 1824 into a prominentJewish family inBrody, the son of Sarah Geleh (née Redler) and Solomon Joshua ha-Kohen Mieses. His younger brother waschess masterSamuel Mieses. At an early age he showed signs of great intellect, and was hailed as anillui.[3] He received a thorough education; until the age of 15, he studied Hebrew literature exclusively. Among his teachers was David Lokaczer, a disciple ofNachman Krochmal.[4] He later attended his grandfather Zalman Redler'sbeth midrash.[1]
He lived in the house of his great-uncle (and later father-in-law)Isaac Mieses [Wikidata], a scholar living inKraków, from 1840 to 1846.[5] There he met, besidesSolomon Judah Loeb Rapoport and othermaskilim, his future teacher, M. Schöngut, who initiated him into the study of philosophy, and with whom he used to converse in Hebrew during their regular daily walks. At the same time, he assiduously applied himself to the study ofGerman,French,Italian,Latin,mathematics, andastronomy.[6][7]
Mieses wrote the first translation into Hebrew of the "To be, or not to be" soliloquy fromHamlet in 1842, based on a German translation byMoses Mendelssohn,[1] but it remained unpublished until 1891.[8][9] He published his first article, a critical review of his father-in-law'sWirren im Judenthum, inZecharias Frankel's magazineZeitschrift für die Religiösen Interessen des Judenthums in 1845.[10]
In 1849 Mieses made his first trip abroad, toLeipzig, where he befriendedJulius Fürst. He soon became assistant editor of and a regular contributor to Fürst's paperDer Orient.[6] He moved toBreslau in 1854, where he metHeinrich Grätz,Abraham Geiger, Zecharias Frankel andManuel Joël, and permanently settled in Leipzig in 1867. Mieses carried on a lively correspondence with B. L. Landau, and from 1877 was a close friend ofLeopold von Sacher-Masoch, in whose literary magazineAuf der Höhe he published a polemical treatise on Jewish history.[4]
He died atLeipzig on 10 October 1898.[6]
In 1846, Mieses' German essay "Gegenwart und Vergangenheit im Judenthume" appeared serially in Fürst's periodicalDer Orient.[5] Later, between 1868 and 1871, he devoted a series of articles to the question ofreligious reform in the journalsHa-Maggid andHa-Melitz, which were later published as the collectionHegyoni ha-tzofe.[4] One article,Milḥemet ha-dat, presented an exposition of the thought processes leading to the German-JewishReform movement.[11]
In 1878, Mieses published a didactic poem entitledHa-emunah veha-tevunah (previously printed inHa-Maggid), treating ofDarwinism and its opponents.[5] By this production, he gained for himself a prominent and lasting place among Hebrew poets. His most celebrated work wasKorot ha-filosofyah ha-ḥadashah (first volume, Leipzig, 1887),[2] a history ofmodern philosophy fromKant toHegel.[5] Since this work was the first treatise in Hebrew on modern philosophy, the author often had to create new terms and names for philosophical concepts. A second and third volume of the work remained in manuscript.[10] According toEliezer Goldman [he], the treatise likely influenced the philosophical views ofAbraham Isaac Kook.[12][13]
Other works by Mieses includeHa-kabbala veha-ḥasidut (Breslau, 1866; Odesa, 1871);Shirim (Kraków, 1891), a collection of miscellaneous poems; andDie Bibel der Vernunft (Leipzig, 1895).[14]
This article incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Warsaw, Isidor (1904)."Fabius Mieses". InSinger, Isidore; et al. (eds.).The Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 8. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. p. 582.
Warsaw, Isidor (1904)."Fabius Mieses". InSinger, Isidore; et al. (eds.).The Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 8. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. p. 582.| International | |
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