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 The FIA GT Championship logo. | |
| Category | Gran Turismo |
|---|---|
| Country | International |
| Inaugural season | 1997 |
| Folded | 2009 |
| Last Drivers' champion | GT1:Michael Bartels,Andrea Bertolini GT2:Richard Westbrook |
| Last Makes' champion | GT2:Ferrari |
| Last Teams' champion | GT1:Vitaphone Racing Team GT2:AF Corse |
TheFIA GT Championship was asports car racing series organized by theStéphane Ratel Organisation (SRO) at the behest of theFédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The championship was mostly concentrated inEurope, but throughout the years has visited other continents includingAsia andSouth America. At the end of 2009, the championship was replaced by theFIA GT1 World Championship,[1] which morphed into theFIA GT Series for 2013.
FIA currently defines several categories ofGT cars with the top two specifications being GT1, orGrand Touring Cars, and GT2, orSeries Grand Touring Cars. Each category has an annual driver champion, team champion, and manufacturer champion. Both categories are based on production road car designs, which must beproduced in a minimum quantity of 25 examples to qualify. Both types may undergo significant modifications from the road car they are based on, but GT1 allows the use of exotic materials, betteraerodynamics, largerbrakes, widertyres and larger engine admission restrictors.
For the 2006 season, the FIA created a new class called GT3. GT3 cars are even closer to their production counterparts and are very simply racetrack prepared with the essentials (rollcages for safety, stripped interiors, race spec fuel tanks, etc.). All cars are performance balanced together via different weights, restrictors, tyre pressures etc. Prestigious motorsports makes such asAston Martin,Chevrolet,Dodge,Lamborghini,Ascari andMaserati take part inFIA GT3 European Championship, a support series in some rounds of the main championship.
The FIA defines aGT car as "an open or closed automobile which has no more than one door on each side and a minimum of two seats situated one on each side of the longitudinal centre line of the car; these two seats must be crossed by the same transversal plane. This car must be able to be used perfectly legally on the open road, and adapted for racing on circuits or closed courses."
All races in the FIA GT Championship wereof endurance type, a full race distance lasting a minimum of 500 km or a maximum of three hours, with the exception of theSpa 24 Hours, Istanbul 2 hours and the exhibitionMil Milhas Brasileiras, which is run over a thousand miles (1609 km) and was planned to be a round of the championship in 2007. However, with the release of the2007 FIA GT Championship schedule and rules, the FIA GT series becomes more of a sprint race event, with all races being a maximum of 2 hours with the exception of theSpa 24 Hours.
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In 1997, due to increasing interest from manufacturers such asMercedes-Benz,Porsche andPanoz, the FIA took over control of the expandingBPR Global GT Series, standardizing the race-length at 500 km instead of the usual four hours, liberalizing the technical regulations and leaving commercial exploitation in the hands of one of BPR's founders, Stéphane Ratel, who managed to get TV support from the pan-European TV stationEurosport. The new manufacturers built "homologation specials", racing-bred cars that took full advantage of the new rules, to build quasi-prototypes with very limited production runs of 25 cars.Chrysler,Lister and Marcos, not wanting to accompany the cost escalation, moved down to the GT2 class.
Mercedes completely dominated the new category and the other manufacturers pulled out after the end of the 1998 season. This left Chrysler'sViper to become the dominating car in the series, with the aging Porsche 993 GT2 and theLister Storm providing a certain degree of competition.
However, there was no lower inexpensive category for amateur drivers, and this led to the creation of theN-GT class in 2000. While the manufacturer field in the main class blossomed, the new category became swamped with Porsches and Ferraris, but lower running costs meant both classes enjoyed a balanced number of entries. In order to boost the championship's status, the SRO added the24 Hours of Spa, previously atouring car race, to the calendar, where it became the series' most important race. The FIA also banned official manufacturer involvement, although certain teams had preferential treatment, with Porsche establishing a "round robin" system.
After the end of the 2004 season, the FIA renamed the classes GT1 and GT2, and somewhat liberalized the GT1 regulations, allowing "supercars". While this was made to accommodate theSaleen S7, the biggest beneficiary was the purpose-builtMaserati MC12, which led the FIA to impose aerodynamic limitations on the Italian car. However, thanks to a weight penalty system, the fight for the championship is protected from more domineering cars. The level of competition remains tight, with gentlemen drivers managing to fight for the wins with professional drivers, some of them withFormula One experience.
Following the 2009 season, theSRO announced that the FIA GT Championship's two categories, GT1 and GT2, would break off into separate series. The GT1 category became aworld championship with rounds across the world. Cars which fit the GT1 class were eligible to race only in theFIA GT1 World Championship, as the ACO (organizer of theLe Mans 24 Hours) banned the cars from the event and all of its associated series. This meant that the category that once was eligible to race not only in the FIA GT, Le Mans Series and numerous national championships, was now only able to run in the new World Championship. A few GT1 were entered in the LMGT1 class at the2010 24 Hours of Le Mans.[2]
The GT1 cars continued to race in the World Championship in 2010 and 2011, but in 2012 the series switched exclusively to GT3 machinery due to shrinking car counts and the fact that most of the cars were ageing and no one was willing to build new models. This meant that the San Luis round of the 2011 season was the last time GT1 cars contested in international motorsport. The 2012 FIA GT1 season was contested with GT3 cars (yet retaining GT1 in series' title), but the series was finally cancelled after the year had concluded, being replaced by the FIA GT Series.
In 2010 the GT2 class was planned to have a separate championship having rounds held only inEurope, known as the FIA GT2 European Championship, but this series was cancelled. A lone GT2 event was held in 2010 at theSpa 24 Hours with the winners being awarded the FIA GT2 European Cup. This was the last time GT2-spec cars contested in SRO-sanctioned series.
A newBlancpain Endurance Series was announced for 2011 which re-established some of the endurance format of the former FIA GT Championship, although this series only utilised the FIA's GT3, GT4, and Supersports categories (GT2 was also planned to be in the series, but this was quickly folded as the interest level wasn't high). However, this series is not an FIA-sanctioned championship. In 2012 the series abandoned the GT4 class and moved to GT3 exclusively.
As of the end of the2009 season,Vitaphone Racing Team have won their fifth consecutive Teams' Championship in the GT1 category, whileAF Corse earned their fourth consecutive title.Michael Bartels andAndrea Bertolini, both driving for Vitaphone, earned their third Drivers' Championship titles in the past four seasons.Richard Westbrook ofProspeed Competition won the GT2 Drivers' Championship.Chris Niarchos won the Citation Cup whileFerrari won the returning Manufacturers' Championship for the GT2 category.
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