Mammalian protein found in Mus musculus
Fibroblast growth factor 15 is aprotein in mouse encoded by theFgf15 gene .[ 1] fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family but, likeFGF19 ,FGF21 andFGF23 , has endocrine functions.FGF19 is the orthologous protein in humans. They are often referred together asFGF15/19 .[ 2] [ 3]
FGF15 was first described in developingmouse brain .[ 4] [ 5] [ 6]
The mouseFgf15 gene is syntenic with the humanFGF19 gene.[ 7]
FGF15 is found in the absorptive cells of the mouseileum and plays an important role in feedback inhibition of hepaticbile acid synthesis .[ 8] bile acid absorption acting on the farnesoid X receptorFXR , are secreted into the portal venous circulation and bind onto the liver membrane receptorFGFR4 /β-Klotho and repress bile acid synthesis by theCyp7a1 gene.
In a mouse model ofchronic diarrhea due tobile acid malabsorption , FGF15 administration, or stimulation of its production, reduced the bile acid loss by inhibiting new synthesis.[ 9]
FGF15 has effects on energy homeostasis.Fgf15 -knock-out mice have reduced liver glycogen storage and are glucose-intolerant.[ 10]
FGF15 has been implicated in liver regeneration and repair.[ 11] Fgf15 -deficient mice have impaired regeneration.[ 12]
^ NCBI."Mouse FGF15 fibroblast growth factor 15" . ^ Jones SA (2012). "Physiology of FGF15/19".Endocrine FGFS and Klothos . Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Vol. 728. pp. 171– 82.doi :10.1007/978-1-4614-0887-1_11 .ISBN 9781461408871 PMID 22396169 . ^ Potthoff MJ, Kliewer SA, Mangelsdorf DJ (Feb 2012)."Endocrine fibroblast growth factors 15/19 and 21: from feast to famine" .Genes & Development .26 (4):312– 324.doi :10.1101/gad.184788.111 .PMC 3289879 PMID 22302876 . ^ McWhirter JR, Goulding M, Weiner JA, Chun J, Murre C (Sep 1997). "A novel fibroblast growth factor gene expressed in the developing nervous system is a downstream target of the chimeric homeodomain oncoprotein E2A-Pbx1".Development .124 (17):3221– 32.doi :10.1242/dev.124.17.3221 .PMID 9310317 . ^ Gimeno L, Hashemi R, Brûlet P, Martínez S (2002). "Analysis of Fgf15 expression pattern in the mouse neural tube".Brain Research Bulletin .57 (3– 4):297– 9.doi :10.1016/S0361-9230(01)00717-1 .PMID 11922976 .S2CID 3084522 . ^ Gimeno L, Brûlet P, Martínez S (Aug 2003). "Study of Fgf15 gene expression in developing mouse brain".Gene Expression Patterns .3 (4):473– 81.doi :10.1016/S1567-133X(03)00059-0 .PMID 12915315 . ^ Wright TJ, Ladher R, McWhirter J, Murre C, Schoenwolf GC, Mansour SL (May 2004)."Mouse FGF15 is the ortholog of human and chick FGF19, but is not uniquely required for otic induction" .Developmental Biology .269 (1):264– 75.doi :10.1016/j.ydbio.2004.02.003 PMID 15081372 . ^ Inagaki T, Choi M, Moschetta A, Peng L, Cummins CL, McDonald JG, Luo G, Jones SA, Goodwin B, Richardson JA, Gerard RD, Repa JJ, Mangelsdorf DJ, Kliewer SA (Oct 2005)."Fibroblast growth factor 15 functions as an enterohepatic signal to regulate bile acid homeostasis" .Cell Metabolism .2 (4):217– 25.doi :10.1016/j.cmet.2005.09.001 PMID 16213224 . ^ Jung D, Inagaki T, Gerard RD, Dawson PA, Kliewer SA, Mangelsdorf DJ, Moschetta A (Dec 2007)."FXR agonists and FGF15 reduce fecal bile acid excretion in a mouse model of bile acid malabsorption" .Journal of Lipid Research .48 (12):2693– 700.doi :10.1194/jlr.M700351-JLR200 PMID 17823457 . ^ Kir S, Beddow SA, Samuel VT, Miller P, Previs SF, Suino-Powell K, Xu HE, Shulman GI, Kliewer SA, Mangelsdorf DJ (Mar 2011)."FGF19 as a postprandial, insulin-independent activator of hepatic protein and glycogen synthesis" .Science .331 (6024):1621– 4.Bibcode :2011Sci...331.1621K .doi :10.1126/science.1198363 .PMC 3076083 PMID 21436455 . ^ Zhang L, Wang YD, Chen WD, Wang X, Lou G, Liu N, Lin M, Forman BM, Huang W (Dec 2012)."Promotion of liver regeneration/repair by farnesoid X receptor in both liver and intestine in mice" .Hepatology .56 (6):2336– 43.doi :10.1002/hep.25905 .PMC 3477501 PMID 22711662 . ^ Kong B, Huang J, Zhu Y, Li G, Williams J, Shen S, Aleksunes LM, Richardson JR, Apte U, Rudnick DA, Guo GL (May 2014)."Fibroblast growth factor 15 deficiency impairs liver regeneration in mice" .American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology .306 (10): G893–902.doi :10.1152/ajpgi.00337.2013 .PMC 4024724 PMID 24699334 .
Angiopoietin CNTF EGF (ErbB)
FGF
FGFR1 FGFR2 Agonists: Ersofermin FGF (1 ,2 (bFGF) ,3 ,4 ,5 ,6 ,7 (KGF ),8 ,9 ,10 (KGF2) ,17 ,18 ,22 )Palifermin Repifermin Selpercatinib Sprifermin Trafermin FGFR3 FGFR4 Unsorted
HGF (c-Met) IGF
LNGF (p75NTR ) PDGF RET (GFL)
SCF (c-Kit) TGFβ Trk
TrkA Negative allosteric modulators: VM-902A TrkB Agonists: 3,7-DHF 3,7,8,2'-THF 4'-DMA-7,8-DHF 7,3'-DHF 7,8-DHF 7,8,2'-THF 7,8,3'-THF Amitriptyline BDNF BNN-20 Deoxygedunin Deprenyl Diosmetin DMAQ-B1 HIOC LM22A-4 N-Acetylserotonin NT-3 NT-4 Norwogonin (5,7,8-THF) R7 R13 TDP6 TrkC
VEGF Others Additional growth factors: Adrenomedullin Colony-stimulating factors (seehere instead)Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) Ephrins (A1 ,A2 ,A3 ,A4 ,A5 ,B1 ,B2 ,B3 )Erythropoietin (seehere instead)Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI; PGI, PHI, AMF) Glia maturation factor (GMF) Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) Interleukins /T-cell growth factors (seehere instead)Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) Macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP; HLP, HGFLP) Midkine (NEGF2) Migration-stimulating factor (MSF; PRG4) Oncomodulin Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) Pleiotrophin Renalase Thrombopoietin (seehere instead)Wnt signaling proteins Additional growth factor receptor modulators: Cerebrolysin (neurotrophin mixture)
