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Ezekiel 18

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Book of Ezekiel, chapter 18
Ezekiel 18
Book of Ezekiel 30:13–18 in an English manuscript from the early 13th century, MS. Bodl. Or. 62, fol. 59a. A Latin translation appears in the margins with further interlineations above theHebrew.
BookBook of Ezekiel
Hebrew Bible partNevi'im
Order in the Hebrew part7
CategoryLatter Prophets
Christian Bible partOld Testament
Order in the Christian part26

Ezekiel 18 is the eighteenth chapter of theBook of Ezekiel in theHebrew Bible or theOld Testament of theChristianBible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to theprophet/priestEzekiel, and is one of theBooks of the Prophets.[1] In this chapter, Ezekiel "departs from the Priestly belief in the transgenerational consequences ofsin and stresses themoral responsibility of [each] generation".[2]

Text

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The original text of this chapter is written in theHebrew language.This chapter is divided into 32 verses.

Textual witnesses

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Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter inHebrew are of theMasoretic Text tradition, which includes theCodex Cairensis (895),the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916),Aleppo Codex (10th century),Codex Leningradensis (1008).[3]

There is also a translation intoKoine Greek known as theSeptuagint, made in the last few centuries BC. Extant ancient manuscripts of theSeptuagint version includeCodex Vaticanus (B;G{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}B; 4th century),Codex Alexandrinus (A;G{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}A; 5th century) andCodex Marchalianus (Q;G{\displaystyle {\mathfrak {G}}}Q; 6th century).[4][a]

Verse 2

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"What do you mean when you use this proverb concerning the land of Israel, saying:
'The fathers have eaten sourgrapes,
and the children's teeth are set on edge'?"[6]

TheNew King James Version calls this a "false proverb",[7] while biblical commentatorAlbert Barnes calls it "a paganish saying".[8]

Verse 4

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"Behold, all souls are Mine;
The soul of the father
As well as the soul of the son is Mine;
The soul who sins shall die." (NKJV)[9]

  • "Soul" (Hebrew:חידהkhî-ḏāh): the Hebrew word has a meaning of "enigmatic statements that require further interpretation", "allegorical and figurative", "dark, obscure utterance".[10][11]
  • "Parable" (Hebrew:משלmā-shāl;): "similitude" which is generally used in proverbs, generally form a comparison.[12][13]

Verse 32

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"For I have no pleasure in the death of one who dies," says the Lord God.
"Therefore turn and live!"[14]

  • "Turn" (Hebrew:השיבוhā-shî-ḇū, from the root verbשׁוּביבוshuḇ): the Hebrew word has a meaning of "turn back", "return, come or go back", "turn about", "be converted (as a sinner)."[15][16]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^Ezekiel is missing from the extantCodex Sinaiticus.[5]

References

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  1. ^Theodore Hiebert, et al. 1996.The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume VI. Nashville: Abingdon.
  2. ^Davis, Ellen F.,Review: Matties, "Ezekiel 18 and the Rhetoric of Moral Discourse",The Jewish Quarterly Review, Vol. 84, No. 4 (Apr., 1994), pp. 501-503
  3. ^Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37.
  4. ^Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74.
  5. ^Shepherd, Michael (2018).A Commentary on the Book of the Twelve: The Minor Prophets. Kregel Exegetical Library. Kregel Academic. p. 13.ISBN 978-0825444593.
  6. ^Ezekiel 18:2: NKJV
  7. ^Chapter heading, Ezekiel 18
  8. ^Barnes, A.,Barnes' Notes on Ezekiel 18, accessed 24 November 2019
  9. ^Ezekiel 18:4
  10. ^Brown, Briggs & Driver 1994 "חִידָה"
  11. ^Gesenius 1979, "חִידָה"
  12. ^Brown, Briggs & Driver 1994, "מָשָׁל"
  13. ^Gesenius 1979 "מָשָׁל"
  14. ^Ezekiel 18:32
  15. ^Brown, Briggs & Driver 1994, "שׁוּב"
  16. ^Gesenius 1979, "שׁוּב"

Bibliography

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  • Brown, Francis; Briggs, Charles A.; Driver, S. R. (1994).The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon (reprint ed.). Hendrickson Publishers.ISBN 978-1565632066.
  • Clements, Ronald E (1996).Ezekiel. Westminster John Knox Press.ISBN 9780664252724.
  • Gesenius, H. W. F. (1979).Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures: Numerically Coded to Strong's Exhaustive Concordance, with an English Index. Translated by Tregelles, Samuel Prideaux (7th ed.). Baker Book House.
  • Joyce, Paul M. (2009).Ezekiel: A Commentary. Continuum.ISBN 9780567483614.
  • Matties, G. (1990),Ezekiel 18 and the Rhetoric of Moral Discourse, Society of Biblical Literature, SBL Dissertation Series, 126.
  • Würthwein, Ernst (1995).The Text of the Old Testament. Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans.ISBN 0-8028-0788-7. RetrievedJanuary 26, 2019.

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