InGreek mythology,Eurycleia (Ancient Greek: ΕὐρύκλειαEurýkleia), orEuryclea (/ˌjʊərɪˈkliːə/; also known asAntiphata (ἈντιφάτηAntipháte) in other traditions), is the daughter ofOps and granddaughter ofPeisenor, as well as thewet-nurse ofOdysseus.
As a girl, Eurycleia was bought byLaertes, Odysseus' father. He treated her as his wife, but she was never his consummated lover so as not to dishonor his real wife,Anticleia. She later nursedTelemachus, Odysseus' son.
Eurycleia was the only person to recognize Odysseus without him first revealing himself (as he did to Telemachus) after he returned home from theTrojan War. After he entered his own house as a guest ofPenelope disguised as a beggar, Eurycleia bathed him and recognized him by a scar just above his knee, which he got from aboar whileboar hunting with his grandfatherAutolycus.[1] Odysseus stopped her from telling Penelope or anyone else (except Telemachus, who already knew) in the house of his true identity.
Eurycleia also informed Odysseus which of his servant girls had been unfaithful to Penelope during his absence, conspiring with Penelope's suitors and becoming their lovers. Among them wasMelantho. His son Telemachus hanged the twelve that Eurycleia identified.
Later, Eurycleia informed Penelope that Odysseus has returned, but Penelope did not believe the maid. The queen then tested Odysseus to prove that he was indeed her husband and asked him to move the bed Odysseus built in their marriage-chamber; Odysseus told Penelope that it was not possible, as one of the legs of the bed was built into a live olive tree, a secret that only Penelope and Odysseus would know. She finally accepted that her husband had returned.
In addition, it was Eurycleia who gave provisions and supplies to Telemachus from the storehouse before he left for Pylos to seek news about Odysseus. She took an oath not to tell Penelope he had left until twelve days had passed; Telemachus not wanting his mother to be any more worried than she already was.
Dennis MacDonald argues in several of his books that the woman who anoints Jesus in chapter 14 of theGospel of Mark is a reference to Eurycleia. She is the only one to recognize Jesus, and what she has done will be widely known, in the same way that Eurycleia is the only one to recognize Odysseus and whose name means "widely known".
Media related toEuryclea at Wikimedia Commons
